KEGG   PATHWAY: cfr04727
Entry
cfr04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Camelus ferus (Wild Bactrian camel)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
cfr04727  GABAergic synapse
cfr04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Camelus ferus (Wild Bactrian camel) [GN:cfr]
Gene
102521271  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
102521520  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
102515577  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
102510232  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X4 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
102522812  glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
102510783  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
102507923  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
102523431  SLC32A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
102505473  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
102508856  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175]
102509672  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05175]
102523498  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
102507151  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
102506721  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
102515271  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
102517944  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
102507423  GABRB2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 [KO:K05181]
102509911  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186]
102506292  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
102524178  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
102508416  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta isoform X1 [KO:K05184]
102524152  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K05185]
102519745  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
102519601  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi isoform X1 [KO:K05189]
102508985  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
102506255  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
102520048  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
102507832  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102511859  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102513516  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102518988  HAP1; huntingtin-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04647]
102517242  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
102524238  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
102512965  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
102514292  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
102507991  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
102510431  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 [KO:K15375]
102519326  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
102510238  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K23967]
102515226  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
102515491  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190]
102521617  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
102516820  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
102521766  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
102524149  CACNA1C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
102504854  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
102504151  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
102507309  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
102522913  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
102513730  GABBR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 [KO:K04615]
102518290  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
102504487  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
102522331  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
102503533  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha [KO:K04534]
102508170  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
102508739  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
102509553  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
102522482  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
102519051  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
106730449  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
102520601  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
116667292  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
116660433  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4-like [KO:K04541]
102504441  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
116659069  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
106728499  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04544]
116663227  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
116664980  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
106729205  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 isoform X3 [KO:K04347]
106730424  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
102506248  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
116665109  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
106730907  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 isoform X1 [KO:K04549]
102517882  ADCY1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102510993  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102512950  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102524031  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102503785  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102519611  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102524614  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102521259  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102505261  ADCY9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
102504753  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
102511412  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
102523380  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
102511655  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05044]
102520338  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter isoform X3 [KO:K05045]
102511121  GLUL; glutamine synthetase isoform X1 [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
102516936  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamine synthetase-like [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
102522588  SLC38A3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
102521187  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
cfr00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
cfr00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
cfr04144  Endocytosis
cfr04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
LinkDB

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