KEGG PATHWAY: ko03320

PATHWAY: ko03320

Entry

ko03320                     Pathway

Name

PPAR signaling pathway

Description

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that are activated by fatty acids and their derivatives. PPAR has three subtypes (PPARalpha, beta/delta, and gamma) showing different expression patterns in vertebrates. Each of them is encoded in a separate gene and binds fatty acids and eicosanoids. PPARalpha plays a role in the clearance of circulating or cellular lipids via the regulation of gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in liver and skeletal muscle. PPARbeta/delta is involved in lipid oxidation and cell proliferation. PPARgamma promotes adipocyte differentiation to enhance blood glucose uptake.

Class

Organismal Systems; Endocrine system

Pathway map

ko03320

PPAR signaling pathway

Orthology

K00029

maeB; malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating)(NADP+) [EC:1.1.1.40]

K00232

E1.3.3.6, ACOX1, ACOX3; acyl-CoA oxidase [EC:1.3.3.6]

K00249

ACADM, acd; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase [EC:1.3.8.7]

K00255

ACADL; long-chain-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase [EC:1.3.8.8]

K00488

CYP27A1; cholestanetriol 26-monooxygenase [EC:1.14.15.15]

K00489

CYP7A1; cholesterol 7alpha-monooxygenase [EC:1.14.14.23]

K00507

SCD, desC; stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Delta-9 desaturase) [EC:1.14.19.1]

K00864

glpK, GK; glycerol kinase [EC:2.7.1.30]

K01059

LPL; lipoprotein lipase [EC:3.1.1.34]

K01388

MMP1; matrix metalloproteinase-1 (interstitial collagenase) [EC:3.4.24.7]

K01596

E4.1.1.32, pckA, PCK; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) [EC:4.1.1.32]

K01641

HMGCS; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase [EC:2.3.3.10]

K01897

ACSL, fadD; long-chain-fatty-acid---CoA ligase [EC:6.2.1.3]

K04504

NR1C2, PPARD; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta

K06086

SORBS1, SH3D5, PONSIN, CAP; sorbin and SH3 domain containing protein 1

K06259

CD36; CD36 antigen

K06272

ILK; integrin-linked kinase [EC:2.7.11.1]

K06276

PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase-1 [EC:2.7.11.1]

K07294

NR1C1, PPARA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

K07296

ADIPOQ, ACDC; adiponectin

K07425

CYP4A; long-chain fatty acid omega-monooxygenase [EC:1.14.14.80]

K07431

CYP8B1; sterol 12-alpha-hydroxylase [EC:1.14.14.139]

K07513

ACAA1; acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 [EC:2.3.1.16]

K07514

EHHADH; enoyl-CoA hydratase / 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase / 3,2-trans-enoyl-CoA isomerase [EC:4.2.1.17 1.1.1.35 5.3.3.8]

K08524

RXRA, NR2B1; retinoid X receptor alpha

K08525

RXRB, NR2B2; retinoid X receptor beta

K08526

RXRG, NR2B3; retinoid X receptor gamma

K08530

NR1C3, PPARG; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

K08536

NR1H3, LXRA; liver X receptor alpha

K08745

SLC27A1_4, FATP1_4; solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 1/4 [EC:6.2.1.-]

K08746

SLC27A2, FACVL1, FATP2; solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 2 [EC:6.2.1.- 6.2.1.3]

K08748

SLC27A5, FATP5; solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 5 [EC:6.2.1.7]

K08749

SLC27A6, FATP6; solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 6

K08750

FABP1, L-FABP; fatty acid-binding protein 1, liver

K08751

FABP2; fatty acid-binding protein 2, intestinal

K08752

FABP3; fatty acid-binding protein 3, muscle and heart

K08753

FABP4, aP2; fatty acid-binding protein 4, adipocyte

K08754

FABP5; fatty acid-binding protein 5, epidermal

K08755

FABP6; fatty acid-binding protein 6, ileal (gastrotropin)

K08756

FABP7; fatty acid-binding protein 7, brain

K08757

APOA1; apolipoprotein A-I

K08758

APOA2; apolipoprotein A-II

K08759

APOC3; apolipoprotein C-III

K08761

PLTP; phospholipid transfer protein

K08762

DBI, ACBP; diazepam-binding inhibitor (GABA receptor modulator, acyl-CoA-binding protein)

K08763

OLR1; oxidised low-density lipoprotein receptor 1

K08764

SCP2, SCPX; sterol carrier protein 2 [EC:2.3.1.176]

K08765

CPT1A; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform [EC:2.3.1.21]

K08766

CPT2; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2 [EC:2.3.1.21]

K08767

ANGPTL4, PGAR; angiopoietin-like 4

K08768

PLIN1; perilipin-1

K08769

UCP1, SLC25A7; solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial uncoupling protein), member 7

K08770

UBC; ubiquitin C

K08771

AQP7; aquaporin-7

K09025

APOA5; apolipoprotein A-V

K10214

ACOX2; 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA 24-hydroxylase [EC:1.17.99.3]

K10226

FADS2; acyl-CoA 6-desaturase (Delta-6 desaturase) [EC:1.14.19.3]

K15013

ACSBG; long-chain-fatty-acid---CoA ligase [EC:6.2.1.3]

K17284

PLIN2, ADRP; perilipin-2

K19523

CPT1B; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform [EC:2.3.1.21]

K19524

CPT1C; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, brain isoform [EC:2.3.1.21]

K20254

PLIN4; perilipin-4

K20255

PLIN5; perilipin-5

Compound

C02165

Leukotriene B4

C14762

13(S)-HODE

C14767

9(S)-HODE

C14776

8(S)-HETE

C15493

9-cis-Retinoic acid

Reference

PMID:15828220

Authors

Takahashi N, Goto T, Kusudo T, Moriyama T, Kawada T.

Title

[The structures and functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs)]

Journal

Nippon Rinsho 63:557-64 (2005)

Reference

PMID:15828221

Authors

Fujii H.

Title

[PPARs-mediated intracellular signal transduction]

Journal

Nippon Rinsho 63:565-71 (2005)

Reference

PMID:15828222

Authors

Takada I, Kato S.

Title

[PPARs target genes]

Journal

Nippon Rinsho 63:573-7 (2005)

Reference

PMID:15828223

Authors

Inoue H.

Title

[Endogenous ligands for PPARs]

Journal

Nippon Rinsho 63:578-83 (2005)

Reference

PMID:16476485

Authors

Feige JN, Gelman L, Michalik L, Desvergne B, Wahli W.

Title

From molecular action to physiological outputs: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are nuclear receptors at the crossroads of key cellular functions.

Journal

Prog Lipid Res 45:120-59 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.plipres.2005.12.002

Reference

PMID:16601267

Authors

Desvergne B, Michalik L, Wahli W.

Title

Transcriptional regulation of metabolism.

Journal

Physiol Rev 86:465-514 (2006)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00025.2005

Reference

PMID:14999402