KEGG   PATHWAY: oro04720
Entry
oro04720                    Pathway                                
Name
Long-term potentiation - Odobenus rosmarus divergens (Pacific walrus)
Description
Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy, is the molecular basis for learning and memory. Tetanic stimulation of afferents in the CA1 region of the hippocampus induces glutamate release and activation of glutamate receptors in dendritic spines. A large increase in [Ca2+]i resulting from influx through NMDA receptors leads to constitutive activation of CaM kinase II (CaM KII) . Constitutively active CaM kinase II phosphorylates AMPA receptors, resulting in potentiation of the ionic conductance of AMPA receptors. Early-phase LTP (E-LTP) expression is due, in part, to this phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor. It is hypothesized that postsynaptic Ca2+ increases generated through NMDA receptors activate several signal transduction pathways including the Erk/MAP kinase and cAMP regulatory pathways. The convergence of these pathways at the level of the CREB/CRE transcriptional pathway may increase expression of a family of genes required for late-phase LTP (L-LTP).
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
oro04720  Long-term potentiation
oro04720

Other DBs
GO: 0048169
Organism
Odobenus rosmarus divergens (Pacific walrus) [GN:oro]
Gene
101362329  RPS6KA3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 isoform X2 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101362815  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
101363063  PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101363254  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101363525  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
101363831  PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101365373  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101365544  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
101365624  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
101366685  CALM2; calmodulin isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101367134  [KO:K02833]
101367408  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101367567  CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101367743  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
101368122  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
101368224  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208]
101368686  PPP3R2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]
101369425  CAMK4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101369978  GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]
101370350  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101370458  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
101370824  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
101371613  GRIA1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor 1 [KO:K05197]
101371788  CALM3; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
101371953  RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08014]
101372085  [KO:K02183]
101372149  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101372346  PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101372426  [KO:K04604]
101372573  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101372786  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
101372839  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101373722  [KO:K02183]
101374068  RPS6KA1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 isoform X3 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101375077  RPS6KA2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 isoform X3 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101375466  RAP1A; ras-related protein Rap-1A [KO:K04353]
101375584  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101375710  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101375944  CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101376265  CALML3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]
101376564  CALML5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]
101376586  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101377360  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05198]
101377380  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
101377465  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101378762  PPP1R1A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1A isoform X3 [KO:K08050]
101378928  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A [KO:K05209]
101379158  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101379187  CALM1; calmodulin isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
101379806  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101380808  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X2 [KO:K04960]
101380879  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101382213  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101382867  PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101383001  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101383267  GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212]
101383971  RAP1B; ras-related protein Rap-1b isoform X1 [KO:K07836]
101384300  CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
101384567  CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
101384596  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
101384669  RPS6KA6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101385000  PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101386053  PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
101386060  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101386162  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101386271  PPP3R1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06268]
101386691  [KO:K02183]
101386750  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
101386879  CREBBP; CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00305  Magnesium cation
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:15652868
  Authors
Blitzer RD, Iyengar R, Landau EM.
  Title
Postsynaptic signaling networks: cellular cogwheels underlying long-term plasticity.
  Journal
Biol Psychiatry 57:113-9 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.02.031
Reference
PMID:10652548
  Authors
Soderling TR, Derkach VA.
  Title
Postsynaptic protein phosphorylation and LTP.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 23:75-80 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(99)01490-3
Reference
PMID:11378299
  Authors
Poser S, Storm DR.
  Title
Role of Ca2+-stimulated adenylyl cyclases in LTP and memory formation.
  Journal
Int J Dev Neurosci 19:387-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00094-0
Reference
PMID:15803158
  Authors
Xia Z, Storm DR.
  Title
The role of calmodulin as a signal integrator for synaptic plasticity.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 6:267-76 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1647
Reference
  Authors
Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
  Title
Neuroscience
  Journal
Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference
PMID:14715912
  Authors
Lynch MA.
  Title
Long-term potentiation and memory.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 84:87-136 (2004)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00014.2003
Reference
PMID:15857686
  Authors
Kelly PT, Mackinnon RL 2nd, Dietz RV, Maher BJ, Wang J.
  Title
Postsynaptic IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release modulates synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons.
  Journal
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 135:232-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.12.018
Reference
PMID:9697848
  Authors
Berridge MJ.
  Title
Neuronal calcium signaling.
  Journal
Neuron 21:13-26 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80510-3
Related
pathway
oro04010  MAPK signaling pathway
oro04020  Calcium signaling pathway
oro04724  Glutamatergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04720   

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