KEGG   PATHWAY: cdk04727
Entry
cdk04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
cdk04727  GABAergic synapse
cdk04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel) [GN:cdk]
Gene
105097082  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
105097081  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
105088784  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X4 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
105086356  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
105089013  glutamate decarboxylase 1-like [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
105091082  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
105102071  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
105085015  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
105098591  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
105089310  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05175]
105090790  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
105103730  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
105103731  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
105099250  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
105096478  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175]
105099948  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
105090789  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
105103729  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
105089311  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186]
105090792  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
105097692  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
105105554  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
105105745  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K05185]
105099251  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
105089382  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi isoform X1 [KO:K05189]
105095035  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
105100776  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
105084996  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105092299  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105094833  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105103265  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105094074  HAP1; huntingtin-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04647]
105084211  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
105103045  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
105094216  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
105090436  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
105098959  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15374]
105103670  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 [KO:K15375]
105086177  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X2 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
105087846  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X3 [KO:K23967]
105087751  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
105095534  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
105095535  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190]
105100784  CACNA1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
105102103  CACNA1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
105100748  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
105093176  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
105103284  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
105090835  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
105086898  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04615]
105101142  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
105087520  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
105085647  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
105100375  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
105096168  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
105105557  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
105088562  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
105098202  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
105085924  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
105086620  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
105091500  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
105088827  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
116156024  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4-like [KO:K04541]
105095042  GNG5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
116148370  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
105104028  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X5 [KO:K04544]
116152527  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
105088740  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
105104066  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 isoform X3 [KO:K04347]
116156911  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
105098452  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
105088741  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
116157907  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 isoform X1 [KO:K04549]
105095715  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105094039  ADCY2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105100030  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X5 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105102432  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105090284  ADCY5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105103816  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105097528  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105096450  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X2 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105099828  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
105103945  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
105093110  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05034]
105102939  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
105093173  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05044]
105102956  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05045]
105096240  GLUL; glutamine synthetase isoform X1 [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
105087531  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K13576]
105105497  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
cdk00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
cdk00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
cdk04144  Endocytosis
cdk04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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