Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Other DBs
Organism
Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel) [GN:
cdk ]
Gene
105084350 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X4 [KO:K18443 ]
105084483 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
105084834 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 [KO:K04679 ]
105085060 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
105085546 AGAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12491 ]
105086441 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105087859 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
105087982 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
105088207 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
105088403 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
105088438 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
105088868 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
105088893 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105089002 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
105089669 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
105089942 RAB11FIP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 1 [KO:K12484 ]
105090475 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
105090707 PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X2 [KO:K12200 ]
105090802 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
105090998 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
105091030 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
105091180 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
105091258 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105091870 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
105091998 CHMP4B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: charged multivesicular body protein 4b [KO:K12194 ]
105092055 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
105092629 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
105092956 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
105092964 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
105093274 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
105093725 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
105093879 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
105094938 VPS37C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
105095312 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
105095687 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
105095899 WIPF3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 3 [KO:K19475 ]
105096448 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
105096773 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
105096793 CHMP2A; charged multivesicular body protein 2a isoform X3 [KO:K12191 ]
105097567 WIPF1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1 [KO:K19475 ]
105097587 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
105098099 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
105098429 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
105098675 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
105099021 WIPF2; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
105099886 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A isoform X1 [KO:K18466 ]
105100355 AGAP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K17848 ]
105100381 IGF2R; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564 ]
105100664 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
105101271 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12489 ]
105101468 RAB11FIP5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 5 [KO:K12484 ]
105101578 IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K05069 ]
105101680 IQSEC1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12495 ]
105101826 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
105102366 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
105102490 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
105102536 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
105102631 EHD1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: EH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12483 ]
105102957 IQSEC3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12495 ]
105103037 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105103172 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X1 [KO:K12479 ]
105103858 PARD6G; partitioning defective 6 homolog gamma isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
105103978 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X6 [KO:K10365 ]
105104201 PSD4; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
105104225 VPS26B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
105104787 RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
105104894 RAB35; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein Rab-35 [KO:K07876 ]
105104990 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12184 ]
105105173 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
105105607 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
105105710 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
105106870 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X4 [KO:K12493 ]
105107128 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
116154059 WASL; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein isoform X1 [KO:K23612 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
cdk04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
cdk04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
cdk04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway