Entry
Name
GnRH secretion - Mus caroli (Ryukyu mouse)
Description
Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are key regulators of reproduction. They release GnRH into the portal circulation. In turn, GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (LH) to regulate gonadal functions. Gonadal steroids provide feedback to regulate GnRH release. GnRH neurons express the kisspeptin receptor, GPR 54, and kisspeptins potently stimulate the release of GnRH by depolarising and inducing sustained action potential firing in GnRH neurons. It is also demonstrated that Kisspeptin-GPR54 system positively regulates the GnRH expression with a time course consistent with activation of Akt and MAP kinase signaling pathways.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Mus caroli (Ryukyu mouse) [GN:
mcal ]
Gene
110285306 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04634 ]
110303103 Gna11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635 ]
110285320 Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
110290514 Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
110308867 Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
110296867 Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
110308255 Hcn1; potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1 [KO:K04954 ]
110303031 Hcn2; potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 [KO:K04955 ]
110290726 Hcn3; potassium/sodium hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 3 [KO:K04956 ]
110304549 Cacna1g; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G [KO:K04854 ]
110284204 Cacna1h; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1H isoform X2 [KO:K04855 ]
110310116 Cacna1i; voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1I isoform X3 [KO:K04856 ]
110301315 Trpc1; short transient receptor potential channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04964 ]
110290650 Trpc4; short transient receptor potential channel 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04967 ]
110298992 Kcnj11; ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 isoform X1 [KO:K05004 ]
110287846 Kcnj3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 [KO:K04997 ]
110311788 Kcnj6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05000 ]
110293826 Kcnj9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002 ]
110301701 Kcnj5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999 ]
110292406 Gabbr2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615 ]
110284231 Gabbr1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 [KO:K04615 ]
110300073 Kcnn1; small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04942 ]
110284513 Kcnn2; small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04943 ]
110291297 Kcnn3; small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04944 ]
110298635 Kcnn4; intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 [KO:K04945 ]
110296075 Cacna1s; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
110295755 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850 ]
110309492 Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
110286673 Cacna1f; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
110308009 Pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
110299855 Pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
110292624 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
110290798 Pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
110292183 Pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
110301355 Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Ronnekleiv OK, Kelly MJ
Title
Kisspeptin excitation of GnRH neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Beltramo M, Dardente H, Cayla X, Caraty A
Title
Cellular mechanisms and integrative timing of neuroendocrine control of GnRH secretion by kisspeptin.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Oakley AE, Clifton DK, Steiner RA
Title
Kisspeptin signaling in the brain.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pinilla L, Aguilar E, Dieguez C, Millar RP, Tena-Sempere M
Title
Kisspeptins and reproduction: physiological roles and regulatory mechanisms.
Journal
Reference
Authors
d'Anglemont de Tassigny X, Colledge WH
Title
The role of kisspeptin signaling in reproduction.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tena-Sempere M
Title
Kisspeptin signaling in the brain: recent developments and future challenges.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Colledge WH
Title
Kisspeptins and GnRH neuronal signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Roa J, Castellano JM, Navarro VM, Handelsman DJ, Pinilla L, Tena-Sempere M
Title
Kisspeptins and the control of gonadotropin secretion in male and female rodents.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Piet R, de Croft S, Liu X, Herbison AE
Title
Electrical properties of kisspeptin neurons and their regulation of GnRH neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang C, Bosch MA, Ronnekleiv OK, Kelly MJ
Title
Kisspeptin activation of TRPC4 channels in female GnRH neurons requires PIP2 depletion and cSrc kinase activation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ronnekleiv OK, Bosch MA, Zhang C
Title
Regulation of endogenous conductances in GnRH neurons by estrogens.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ronnekleiv OK, Zhang C, Bosch MA, Kelly MJ
Title
Kisspeptin and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Excitability: Molecular Mechanisms Driven by 17beta-Estradiol.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang XB, Spergel DJ
Title
Kisspeptin inhibits high-voltage activated Ca2+ channels in GnRH neurons via multiple Ca2+ influx and release pathways.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Novaira HJ, Ng Y, Wolfe A, Radovick S
Title
Kisspeptin increases GnRH mRNA expression and secretion in GnRH secreting neuronal cell lines.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Glanowska KM, Moenter SM
Title
Differential regulation of GnRH secretion in the preoptic area (POA) and the median eminence (ME) in male mice.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Szereszewski JM, Pampillo M, Ahow MR, Offermanns S, Bhattacharya M, Babwah AV
Title
GPR54 regulates ERK1/2 activity and hypothalamic gene expression in a Galpha(q/11) and beta-arrestin-dependent manner.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang C, Bosch MA, Rick EA, Kelly MJ, Ronnekleiv OK
Title
17Beta-estradiol regulation of T-type calcium channels in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Terasaka T, Otsuka F, Tsukamoto N, Nakamura E, Inagaki K, Toma K, Ogura-Ochi K, Glidewell-Kenney C, Lawson MA, Makino H
Title
Mutual interaction of kisspeptin, estrogen and bone morphogenetic protein-4 activity in GnRH regulation by GT1-7 cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Radovick S, Levine JE, Wolfe A
Title
Estrogenic regulation of the GnRH neuron.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dungan HM, Clifton DK, Steiner RA
Title
Minireview: kisspeptin neurons as central processors in the regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kato M, Tanaka N, Usui S, Sakuma Y
Title
The SK channel blocker apamin inhibits slow afterhyperpolarization currents in rat gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurones.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Zhang C, Ronnekleiv OK, Kelly MJ
Title
Kisspeptin inhibits a slow afterhyperpolarization current via protein kinase C and reduces spike frequency adaptation in GnRH neurons.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
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