KEGG   PATHWAY: mlk04727
Entry
mlk04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Mustela lutreola (European mink)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
mlk04727  GABAergic synapse
mlk04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Mustela lutreola (European mink) [GN:mlk]
Gene
131838851  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid symporter 1 [KO:K14990]
131838852  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid symporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
131838588  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
131827657  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
131838143  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
131811276  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate decarboxylase 1-like [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
131827109  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
131807660  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
131819678  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
131835729  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
131821743  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
131824394  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175]
131824405  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
131831866  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
131831867  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
131835727  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
131824389  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
131831865  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
131825006  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3-like [KO:K05181]
131835730  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
131824416  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
131831868  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
131810395  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
131821298  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
131821977  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
131831903  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi [KO:K05189]
131823635  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
131808844  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
131807708  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
131815964  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
131819600  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
131818861  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
131816712  HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
131839055  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
131818699  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
131815738  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
131815747  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
131827570  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15374]
131827607  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15375]
131836700  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
131807759  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K23967]
131825945  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
131833122  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
131833123  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190]
131823608  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
131812571  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
131838359  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
131824037  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
131821118  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
131814910  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
131834858  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
131812836  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
131829305  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
131823969  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
131810079  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
131818465  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
131808851  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
131819170  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
131838470  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
131824844  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
131836300  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539]
131836560  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
131814104  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
131829051  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
131828138  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
131810292  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
131823267  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
131818745  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
131812092  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
131829388  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
131838003  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12-like [KO:K04347]
131823580  GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
131820002  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
131829387  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
131815902  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
131829179  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131831568  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131807291  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131836404  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131824632  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131838820  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131818734  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131826395  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131819927  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
131825372  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
131824224  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
131838383  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
131824223  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
131838385  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05045]
131814422  GLUL; glutamine synthetase isoform X1 [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
131825500  glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
131823958  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K13576]
131821821  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
mlk00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
mlk00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
mlk04144  Endocytosis
mlk04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system