KEGG   PATHWAY: mthb04727
Entry
mthb04727                   Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Macaca thibetana thibetana (Pere David's macaque)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
mthb04727  GABAergic synapse
mthb04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Macaca thibetana thibetana (Pere David's macaque) [GN:mthb]
Gene
126930169  sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
126930166  sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
126930374  glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
126932638  glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
126962871  glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
126932528  glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
126941080  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate decarboxylase 1-like [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
126964216  vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
126944648  4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
126955244  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175]
126955248  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
126956050  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
126957212  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
126945395  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
126958063  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
126955245  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
126957211  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
126958067  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 [KO:K05181]
126955247  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186]
126956075  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
126958062  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
126951932  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
126945405  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
126945442  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
126956979  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi [KO:K05189]
126942437  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
126937647  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
126963591  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
126964210  proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
126938340  protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
126944386  protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
126943319  protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
126938304  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
126930013  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
126943775  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
126934131  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like [KO:K08341]
126939812  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
126938921  vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
126932104  trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15374]
126932132  inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15375]
126958647  gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
126963799  solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K23967]
126949328  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
126953830  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
126953841  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190]
126942455  voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
126936874  voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
126930225  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
126948779  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
126945535  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
126939641  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
126938031  gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
126953045  gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 [KO:K04615]
126929846  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
126949885  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
126948709  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
126943869  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
126952008  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
126950415  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
126930448  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
126947562  guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
126959042  guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
126958548  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
126935530  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04540]
126942604  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
126955333  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
126963646  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
126951422  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
126935723  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5-like [KO:K04542]
126942881  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
126943523  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
126937751  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
126949943  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
126942836  putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
126939573  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
126944893  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
126949942  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
126939894  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
126950155  adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126956053  adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126933644  adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126958798  adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126949094  adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126930150  adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126944901  adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126961343  adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126944580  adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
126950710  G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
126949056  sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
126930236  sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
126949055  sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
126930235  sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
126940476  glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
126948671  sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
126945584  sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
mthb00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
mthb00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
mthb04144  Endocytosis
mthb04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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