KEGG   PATHWAY: pprm00260
Entry
pprm00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
pprm00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
pprm00260

Module
pprm_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pprm00260]
pprm_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:pprm00260]
pprm_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pprm00260]
pprm_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pprm00260]
pprm_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pprm00260]
pprm_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:pprm00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) [GN:pprm]
Gene
120474672  tha1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
120474673  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
120464728  shmt2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
120490231  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
120490232  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
120482780  agxtb; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase b [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
120493114  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
120460688  grhpra; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
120493665  grhprb; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase b [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
120491432  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
120490626  pgam2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
120479719  pgam1a; phosphoglycerate mutase 1a [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
120488300  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
120469137  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
120487291  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
120472101  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
120464512  phosphoserine phosphatase-like [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
120481131  phosphoserine phosphatase-like [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
120458965  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
120495589  tdh2; L-threonine dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
120493827  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
120471156  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
120467741  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
120485380  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
120482213  si:ch211-127i16.2; probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
120482326  mao; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
120490251  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
120472044  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
120483730  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
120460372  dldh; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
120464779  gcsha; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), a [KO:K02437]
120492763  gcshb; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), b [KO:K02437]
120469669  D-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
120490753  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
120484866  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
120476410  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
120481125  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
120479733  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
120461919  bhmt; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
120461889  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
120478987  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
120482668  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
120494925  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
120487315  cbsb; cystathionine beta-synthase b [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
120488656  cbsa; cystathionine beta-synthase a [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
120491282  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
120491283  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
120460881  serine racemase isoform X1 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
120479763  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
120480363  zgc:162816; D-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate dehydratase [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
pprm00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
pprm00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
pprm00230  Purine metabolism
pprm00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
pprm00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
pprm00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
pprm00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
pprm00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
pprm00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
pprm00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
pprm00620  Pyruvate metabolism
pprm00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
pprm00640  Propanoate metabolism
pprm00860  Porphyrin metabolism
pprm00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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