KEGG   PATHWAY: xma00260
Entry
xma00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Xiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
xma00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
xma00260

Module
xma_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:xma00260]
xma_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:xma00260]
xma_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:xma00260]
xma_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:xma00260]
xma_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:xma00260]
xma_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:xma00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Xiphophorus maculatus (southern platyfish) [GN:xma]
Gene
102225933  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 2 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
102232347  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102217529  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102231792  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
102218672  serine--pyruvate aminotransferase-like [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
102227198  agxt; serine--pyruvate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
102217936  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
102230699  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
102224396  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
102229411  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102219400  phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102227865  phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
102233730  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
102229977  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
102227335  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
102226389  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
102235179  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
102236569  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
102227002  L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
102232693  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102222797  5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
102228206  maob; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
106699643  probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
102227558  primary amine oxidase, liver isozyme-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
102217513  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
102236236  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
102216539  dld; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
102236747  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
102224598  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02437]
102218661  dao; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
102217588  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
102228536  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
102217090  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
102234684  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
102233064  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
102225771  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
102226035  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
102218191  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
102227264  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
102229877  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
102218956  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
102219353  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
102225606  cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102221949  cystathionine beta-synthase-like [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
102225184  cth; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
111606596  uncharacterized protein LOC111606596 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
102220429  sds; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102236210  serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
102232928  uncharacterized protein LOC102232928 [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
xma00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
xma00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
xma00230  Purine metabolism
xma00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
xma00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
xma00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
xma00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
xma00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
xma00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
xma00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
xma00620  Pyruvate metabolism
xma00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
xma00640  Propanoate metabolism
xma00860  Porphyrin metabolism
xma00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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