KEGG   PATHWAY: ko04672
Entry
ko04672                     Pathway                                
Name
Intestinal immune network for IgA production
Description
The intestine is the largest lymphoid tissue in the body. One striking feature of intestinal immunity is its ability to generate great amounts of noninflammatory immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies that serve as the first line of defense against microorganisms. The basic map of IgA production includes induction of mucosal B cells in the Peyer's patches, circulation through the bloodstream and homing to intestinal mucosa of IgA-commited plasma cells, and local antibody production for export across the intestinal membranes. Multiple cytokines, including TGF-{beta}, IL-10, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6, are required to promote IgA class switching and terminal differentiation process of the B cells. Secreted IgA promotes immune exclusion by entrapping dietary antigens and microorganisms in the mucus and functions for neutralization of toxins and pathogenic microbes.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
Pathway map
ko04672  Intestinal immune network for IgA production
ko04672

Other DBs
GO: 0002387
Orthology
K03159  TNFRSF3, LTBR; lymphotoxin beta receptor TNFR superfamily member 3
K03160  TNFRSF5, CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5
K03161  TNFSF5, CD40L, CD154; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 5
K04184  CCR9, CDw199; C-C chemokine receptor type 9
K04185  CCR10; C-C chemokine receptor type 10
K04189  CXCR4, CD184; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
K04466  MAP3K14, NIK; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 [EC:2.7.11.25]
K05074  IL15RA, CD215; interleukin 15 receptor alpha
K05150  TNFRSF13B, TACI, CD267; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B
K05151  TNFRSF13C, BAFFR, CD268; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C
K05153  TNFRSF17, BCMA, CD269; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17
K05405  IL6; interleukin 6
K05412  CD80; CD80 antigen
K05413  CD86; CD86 antigen
K05428  IL5; interleukin 5
K05429  IL2; interleukin 2
K05430  IL4; interleukin 4
K05433  IL15; interleukin 15
K05443  IL10, CSIF; interleukin 10
K05475  TNFSF13, APRIL, CD256; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13
K05476  TNFSF13B, TNFSF20, CD257; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B
K05513  CCL28; C-C motif chemokine 28
K06470  CD28; CD28 antigen
K06483  ITGA4, CD49d; integrin alpha 4
K06590  ITGB7; integrin beta 7
K06710  ICOSLG, ICOSL, CD275; inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand
K06713  ICOS, AILIM, CD278; inducible T-cell co-stimulator
K06752  MHC2; MHC class II antigen
K06779  MADCAM1; mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1
K06856  IGH; immunoglobulin heavy chain
K10031  CXCL12; C-X-C motif chemokine 12
K10784  TRAV; T cell receptor alpha chain V region
K10785  TRBV; T-cell receptor beta chain V region
K10989  AICDA, AID; activation-induced cytidine deaminase [EC:3.5.4.38]
K13072  CCL25; C-C motif chemokine 25
K13073  PIGR; polymeric immunoglobulin receptor
K13375  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1
Compound
C00777  Retinoate
C15493  9-cis-Retinoic acid
Reference
PMID:12511876
  Authors
Fagarasan S, Honjo T
  Title
Intestinal IgA synthesis: regulation of front-line body defences.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:63-72 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri982
Reference
PMID:19079156
  Authors
Macpherson AJ, McCoy KD, Johansen FE, Brandtzaeg P
  Title
The immune geography of IgA induction and function.
  Journal
Mucosal Immunol 1:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/mi.2007.6
Reference
PMID:15971106
  Authors
Kunisawa J, Kiyono H
  Title
A marvel of mucosal T cells and secretory antibodies for the creation of first lines of defense.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 62:1308-21 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-005-5035-1
Reference
PMID:18549797
  Authors
Cerutti A, Rescigno M
  Title
The biology of intestinal immunoglobulin A responses.
  Journal
Immunity 28:740-50 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.05.001
Reference
PMID:18243016
  Authors
Tsuji M, Suzuki K, Kinoshita K, Fagarasan S
  Title
Dynamic interactions between bacteria and immune cells leading to intestinal IgA synthesis.
  Journal
Semin Immunol 20:59-66 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.smim.2007.12.003
Reference
PMID:17182536
  Authors
Corthesy B
  Title
Roundtrip ticket for secretory IgA: role in mucosal homeostasis?
  Journal
J Immunol 178:27-32 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.178.1.27
Reference
PMID:18838301
  Authors
Suzuki K, Fagarasan S
  Title
How host-bacterial interactions lead to IgA synthesis in the gut.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 29:523-31 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2008.08.001
Reference
PMID:19079167
  Authors
Mora JR, von Andrian UH
  Title
Differentiation and homing of IgA-secreting cells.
  Journal
Mucosal Immunol 1:96-109 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/mi.2007.14
Reference
PMID:17161619
  Authors
Suzuki K, Ha SA, Tsuji M, Fagarasan S
  Title
Intestinal IgA synthesis: a primitive form of adaptive immunity that regulates microbial communities in the gut.
  Journal
Semin Immunol 19:127-35 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.smim.2006.10.001
Reference
PMID:18483500
  Authors
Cerutti A
  Title
The regulation of IgA class switching.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 8:421-34 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nri2322
Related
pathway
ko04612  Antigen processing and presentation
ko04660  T cell receptor signaling pathway
ko04662  B cell receptor signaling pathway
ko04670  Leukocyte transendothelial migration

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