KEGG   PATHWAY: leri00260
Entry
leri00260                   Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Leucoraja erinacea (little skate)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
leri00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
leri00260

Module
leri_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:leri00260]
leri_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:leri00260]
leri_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:leri00260]
leri_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:leri00260]
leri_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:leri00260]
leri_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:leri00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Leucoraja erinacea (little skate) [GN:leri]
Gene
129708232  tha1; threonine aldolase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
129706816  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
129703527  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
129695609  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
129695610  glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase-like [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
129704729  glyctk; glycerate kinase isoform X1 [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
129713408  phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
129704147  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
129707707  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
129698766  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
129695754  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
129709821  phosphoserine aminotransferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
129710789  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
129713875  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
129697199  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
129704859  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
129715109  5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
129702194  amine oxidase [flavin-containing]-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
129702711  mao; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
129710273  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
129695558  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
129704578  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
129707622  dldh; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
129705391  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
129709175  D-amino-acid oxidase-like [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
129715313  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
129712676  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
129711355  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
129704439  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
129695789  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
129694867  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
129714267  betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1-like [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
129694842  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
129710860  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
129712112  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
129697634  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
129703088  cbsa; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cystathionine beta-synthase a [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
129701001  cystathionine gamma-lyase-like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
129709328  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like isoform X1 [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
129714857  zgc:162816; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: D-threo-3-hydroxyaspartate dehydratase [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
129694576  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
leri00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
leri00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
leri00230  Purine metabolism
leri00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
leri00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
leri00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
leri00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
leri00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
leri00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
leri00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
leri00620  Pyruvate metabolism
leri00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
leri00640  Propanoate metabolism
leri00860  Porphyrin metabolism
leri00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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