KEGG   PATHWAY: epz04152
Entry
epz04152                    Pathway                                
Name
AMPK signaling pathway - Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse)
Description
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine threonine kinase that is highly conserved through evolution. AMPK system acts as a sensor of cellular energy status. It is activated by increases in the cellular AMP:ATP ratio caused by metabolic stresses that either interfere with ATP production (eg, deprivation for glucose or oxygen) or that accelerate ATP consumption (eg, muscle contraction). Several upstream kinases, including liver kinase B1 (LKB1), calcium/calmodulin kinase kinase-beta (CaMKK beta), and TGF-beta-activated kinase-1 (TAK-1), can activate AMPK by phosphorylating a threonine residue on its catalytic alpha-subunit. Once activated, AMPK leads to a concomitant inhibition of energy-consuming biosynthetic pathways, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis, and activation of ATP-producing catabolic pathways, such as fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
epz04152  AMPK signaling pathway
epz04152

Other DBs
GO: 2000479
Organism
Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse) [GN:epz]
Gene
103548805  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
103557496  CAB39; calcium binding protein 39 [KO:K08272]
103561649  CAB39L; calcium binding protein 39 like [KO:K08272]
103549762  STRADA; STE20-related kinase adaptor alpha [KO:K08271]
103565682  STRADB; STE20-related kinase adaptor beta [KO:K17532]
103542787  LEP; leptin [KO:K05424]
103565964  LEPR; leptin receptor [KO:K05062]
103541408  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
103561082  ADRA1A; adrenoceptor alpha 1A [KO:K04135]
103541667  ADIPOQ; adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing [KO:K07296]
103555114  ADIPOR1; adiponectin receptor 1 [KO:K07297]
103560836  ADIPOR2; adiponectin receptor 2 [KO:K07297]
103555108  PRKAA1; protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103543478  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
103540717  PRKAB1; protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 1 [KO:K07199]
103542394  PRKAB2; protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2 [KO:K07199]
103552223  PRKAG1; protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 1 [KO:K07200]
103560519  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07200]
103567915  PRKAG3; protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 3 [KO:K07200]
103543878  PFKFB1; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 1 [KO:K19028] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
103565611  PFKFB2; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 [KO:K19029] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
103548900  PFKFB3; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 [KO:K01103] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
103556040  PFKFB4; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 [KO:K19030] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
103550991  FBP1; fructose-bisphosphatase 1 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
103550992  fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
103554598  PFKP; phosphofructokinase, platelet [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
103546788  PFKM; phosphofructokinase, muscle [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
103565778  PFKL; phosphofructokinase, liver type [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
103548090  HNF4A; hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha [KO:K07292]
103550338  G6PC; glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
103567666  G6PC2; glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 2 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
103551197  G6PC3; glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 3 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
103547049  PCK1; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
103564017  PCK2; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
103555397  CRTC2; CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2 [KO:K16333]
103548908  CREB1; cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 [KO:K05870]
103566499  CREB3L1; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 1 [KO:K09048]
103560297  CREB3; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
103564266  CREB3L2; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 2 [KO:K09048]
103555399  CREB3L4; cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 4 [KO:K09048]
103549839  CREB5; cAMP responsive element binding protein 5 [KO:K09047]
103546738  PPARGC1A; PPARG coactivator 1 alpha [KO:K07202]
103541497  ELAVL1; ELAV like RNA binding protein 1 [KO:K13088]
103563383  CCNA1; cyclin A1 [KO:K06627]
103559559  CCNA2; cyclin A2 [KO:K06627]
103567577  EEF2K; eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase [KO:K08292] [EC:2.7.11.20]
103543890  EEF2; eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 [KO:K03234]
103552024  FOXO1; forkhead box O1 [KO:K07201]
103551216  FOXO3; forkhead box O3 [KO:K09408]
103562180  SIRT1; sirtuin 1 [KO:K11411] [EC:2.3.1.286]
103557737  SLC2A4; solute carrier family 2 member 4 [KO:K07191]
103553309  GYS1; glycogen synthase 1 [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
103554933  GYS2; glycogen synthase 2 [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
103563985  hormone-sensitive lipase-like [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
103558823  LIPE; lipase E, hormone sensitive type [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
103555449  HMGCR; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
103551124  FASN; fatty acid synthase [KO:K00665] [EC:2.3.1.85]
103560469  ACACA; acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha [KO:K11262] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
103554632  SCD5; stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
103562520  SCD; stearoyl-CoA desaturase [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
103551425  ACACB; acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta [KO:K01946] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
103557972  MLYCD; malonyl-CoA decarboxylase [KO:K01578] [EC:4.1.1.9]
103551279  CPT1A; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A [KO:K08765] [EC:2.3.1.21]
103564749  CPT1B; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B [KO:K19523] [EC:2.3.1.21]
103544662  CPT1C; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C [KO:K19524] [EC:2.3.1.21]
103557185  CIDEA; cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector a [KO:K25893]
103565579  PPP2CB; protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103543523  PPP2CA; protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
103564670  PPP2R1A; protein phosphatase 2 scaffold subunit Aalpha [KO:K03456]
103555607  PPP2R1B; protein phosphatase 2 scaffold subunit Abeta [KO:K03456]
103546964  PPP2R2B; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Bbeta [KO:K04354]
103548628  PPP2R2D; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Bdelta [KO:K04354]
103559125  PPP2R2A; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Balpha [KO:K04354]
103561815  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B gamma isoform [KO:K04354]
103546408  PPP2R3C; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''gamma [KO:K11583]
103554814  PPP2R3A; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''alpha [KO:K11583]
103544947  PPP2R3B; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''beta [KO:K11583]
103552437  PPP2R5E; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'epsilon [KO:K11584]
103554315  PPP2R5A; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'alpha [KO:K11584]
103548163  PPP2R5D; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'delta [KO:K11584]
103559135  PPP2R5B; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'beta [KO:K11584]
103556448  PPP2R5C; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'gamma [KO:K11584]
103552803  TBC1D1; TBC1 domain family member 1 [KO:K18341]
103547572  RAB2A; RAB2A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07877]
103540446  RAB8A; RAB8A, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07901]
103546463  RAB10; RAB10, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07903]
103563448  RAB11B; RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07905]
103555548  RAB14; RAB14, member RAS oncogene family [KO:K07881]
103550601  CFTR; cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator [KO:K05031] [EC:5.6.1.6]
103562348  CD36; CD36 molecule [KO:K06259]
103549360  IGF1; insulin like growth factor 1 [KO:K05459]
103559577  IGF1R; insulin like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103567614  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
103547143  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
103555632  insulin receptor substrate 1-like [KO:K17445]
103545515  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
103549076  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103554655  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103552150  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103548220  PIK3R1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649]
103551868  PIK3R3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K02649]
103561550  PIK3R2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K02649]
103551639  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103560497  AKT2; AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103540249  AKT1; AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103555421  AKT3; AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103566788  TSC2; tuberous sclerosis 2 [KO:K07207]
103553676  TSC1; tuberous sclerosis 1 [KO:K07206]
103552237  MTOR; mechanistic target of rapamycin [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103547320  RPTOR; regulatory associated protein of MTOR complex 1 [KO:K07204]
103558294  AKT1S1; AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
103565282  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103559935  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase B2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103543726  EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 [KO:K07205]
103554547  PPARG; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma [KO:K08530]
103553436  ULK1; unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
Compound
C00003  NAD+
C00008  ADP
C00020  AMP
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00031  D-Glucose
C00040  Acyl-CoA
C00076  Calcium cation
C00083  Malonyl-CoA
C00085  D-Fructose 6-phosphate
C00162  Fatty acid
C00354  D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
C00389  Quercetin
C00665  beta-D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
C00668  alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
C00698  Cl-
C00757  Berberine
C01172  beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
C04677  1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C07151  Metformin
C09731  Epigallocatechin gallate
D08351  Phenformin (BAN)
Reference
PMID:19584320
  Authors
Steinberg GR, Kemp BE
  Title
AMPK in Health and Disease.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 89:1025-78 (2009)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00011.2008
Reference
PMID:15509864
  Authors
Hardie DG.
  Title
The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway--new players upstream and downstream.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 117:5479-87 (2004)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01540
Reference
PMID:23747347
  Authors
Russo GL, Russo M, Ungaro P
  Title
AMP-activated protein kinase: a target for old drugs against diabetes and cancer.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 86:339-50 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2013.05.023
Reference
PMID:19393004
  Authors
Ronnett GV, Ramamurthy S, Kleman AM, Landree LE, Aja S
  Title
AMPK in the brain: its roles in energy balance and neuroprotection.
  Journal
J Neurochem 109 Suppl 1:17-23 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05916.x
Reference
PMID:20010958
  Authors
Li J, McCullough LD
  Title
Effects of AMP-activated protein kinase in cerebral ischemia.
  Journal
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 30:480-92 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.255
Reference
PMID:22700795
  Authors
Sanchez AM, Candau RB, Csibi A, Pagano AF, Raibon A, Bernardi H
  Title
The role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the coordination of skeletal muscle turnover and energy homeostasis.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 303:C475-85 (2012)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00125.2012
Reference
PMID:16644802
  Authors
Viollet B, Foretz M, Guigas B, Horman S, Dentin R, Bertrand L, Hue L, Andreelli F
  Title
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in the liver: a new strategy for the management of metabolic hepatic disorders.
  Journal
J Physiol 574:41-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.108506
Reference
PMID:19629071
  Authors
Shackelford DB, Shaw RJ
  Title
The LKB1-AMPK pathway: metabolism and growth control in tumour suppression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 9:563-75 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrc2676
Reference
PMID:22885100
  Authors
Chung JH, Manganiello V, Dyck JR
  Title
Resveratrol as a calorie restriction mimetic: therapeutic implications.
  Journal
Trends Cell Biol 22:546-54 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.tcb.2012.07.004
Reference
PMID:20357764
  Authors
Iwabu M, Yamauchi T, Okada-Iwabu M, Sato K, Nakagawa T, Funata M, Yamaguchi M, Namiki S, Nakayama R, Tabata M, Ogata H, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Hayashi YK, Yamauchi N, Waki H, Fukayama M, Nishino I, Tokuyama K, Ueki K, Oike Y, Ishii S, Hirose K, Shimizu T, Touhara K, Kadowaki T
  Title
Adiponectin and AdipoR1 regulate PGC-1alpha and mitochondria by Ca(2+) and AMPK/SIRT1.
  Journal
Nature 464:1313-9 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08991
Reference
PMID:17307971
  Authors
Towler MC, Hardie DG
  Title
AMP-activated protein kinase in metabolic control and insulin signaling.
  Journal
Circ Res 100:328-41 (2007)
DOI:10.1161/01.RES.0000256090.42690.05
Reference
PMID:23899560
  Authors
Richter EA, Hargreaves M
  Title
Exercise, GLUT4, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 93:993-1017 (2013)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00038.2012
Reference
PMID:16054041
  Authors
Kahn BB, Alquier T, Carling D, Hardie DG
  Title
AMP-activated protein kinase: ancient energy gauge provides clues to modern understanding of metabolism.
  Journal
Cell Metab 1:15-25 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2004.12.003
Reference
PMID:23565491
  Authors
Minokoshi Y, Toda C, Okamoto S
  Title
Regulatory role of leptin in glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Indian J Endocrinol Metab 16:S562-8 (2012)
DOI:10.4103/2230-8210.105573
Reference
PMID:16723978
  Authors
Guggino WB, Stanton BA
  Title
New insights into cystic fibrosis: molecular switches that regulate CFTR.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:426-36 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1949
Reference
PMID:16479585
  Authors
Cheng A, Saltiel AR
  Title
More TORC for the gluconeogenic engine.
  Journal
Bioessays 28:231-4 (2006)
DOI:10.1002/bies.20375
Reference
PMID:19197243
  Authors
Herrero-Martin G, Hoyer-Hansen M, Garcia-Garcia C, Fumarola C, Farkas T, Lopez-Rivas A, Jaattela M
  Title
TAK1 activates AMPK-dependent cytoprotective autophagy in TRAIL-treated epithelial cells.
  Journal
EMBO J 28:677-85 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/emboj.2009.8
Reference
PMID:19724019
  Authors
Morris DL, Rui L
  Title
Recent advances in understanding leptin signaling and leptin resistance.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297:E1247-59 (2009)
DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00274.2009
Reference
PMID:18725075
  Authors
Minokoshi Y, Shiuchi T, Lee S, Suzuki A, Okamoto S
  Title
Role of hypothalamic AMP-kinase in food intake regulation.
  Journal
Nutrition 24:786-90 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2008.06.002
Reference
PMID:23024365
  Authors
Miyamoto L, Ebihara K, Kusakabe T, Aotani D, Yamamoto-Kataoka S, Sakai T, Aizawa-Abe M, Yamamoto Y, Fujikura J, Hayashi T, Hosoda K, Nakao K
  Title
Leptin activates hepatic 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase through sympathetic nervous system and alpha1-adrenergic receptor: a potential mechanism for improvement of fatty liver in lipodystrophy by leptin.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 287:40441-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M112.384545
Related
pathway
epz00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
epz00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
epz00500  Starch and sucrose metabolism
epz01040  Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
epz04110  Cell cycle
epz04140  Autophagy - animal
epz04150  mTOR signaling pathway
epz04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
epz04910  Insulin signaling pathway
epz04920  Adipocytokine signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04152   
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