KEGG PATHWAY: ptha00270

PATHWAY: ptha00270

Entry

ptha00270                   Pathway

Name

Cysteine and methionine metabolism - Providencia stuartii 2017-45-35

Description

Cysteine and methionine are sulfur-containing amino acids. Cysteine is synthesized from serine through different pathways in different organism groups. In bacteria and plants, cysteine is converted from serine (via acetylserine) by transfer of hydrogen sulfide [MD:M00021]. In animals, methionine-derived homocysteine is used as sulfur source and its condensation product with serine (cystathionine) is converted to cysteine [MD:M00338]. Cysteine is metabolized to pyruvate in multiple routes. Methionine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, methionine is synthesized from aspartate [MD:M00017]. S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM), synthesized from methionine and ATP, is a methyl group donor in many important transfer reactions including DNA methylation for regulation of gene expression. SAM may also be used to regenerate methionine in the methionine salvage pathway [MD:M00034].

Class

Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism

Pathway map

ptha00270

Cysteine and methionine metabolism

Module

ptha_M00017

Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:ptha00270]

ptha_M00021

Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:ptha00270]

ptha_M00035

Methionine degradation [PATH:ptha00270]

Other DBs

GO:	0006534 0006555

Organism

Providencia stuartii 2017-45-35 [GN:ptha]

Gene

OI982_12340

cysE; serine O-acetyltransferase [KO:K00640] [EC:2.3.1.30]

OI982_20470

cysK; cysteine synthase A [KO:K01738] [EC:2.5.1.47]

OI982_16445

metC; cystathionine beta-lyase [KO:K01760] [EC:4.4.1.13]

OI982_12830

cysteine synthase family protein [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]

OI982_14725

metH; methionine synthase [KO:K00548] [EC:2.1.1.13]

OI982_15310

metE; 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate--homocysteine S-methyltransferase [KO:K00549] [EC:2.1.1.14]

OI982_19440

metK; methionine adenosyltransferase [KO:K00789] [EC:2.5.1.6]

OI982_18735

mtnN; 5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase [KO:K01243] [EC:3.2.2.9]

OI982_18075

yfiH; purine nucleoside phosphorylase YfiH [KO:K05810] [EC:2.4.2.1 2.4.2.28 3.5.4.4]

OI982_15195

aspartate/tyrosine/aromatic aminotransferase [KO:K00832] [EC:2.6.1.57]

OI982_18125

methionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01761] [EC:4.4.1.11]

OI982_01455

GAF domain-containing protein [KO:K08968] [EC:1.8.4.14]

OI982_22310

DNA cytosine methyltransferase [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

OI982_22615

DNA cytosine methyltransferase [KO:K00558] [EC:2.1.1.37]

OI982_02430

adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

OI982_10735

adenosylhomocysteinase [KO:K01251] [EC:3.13.2.1]

OI982_18000

luxS; S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase [KO:K07173] [EC:4.4.1.21]

OI982_14745

lysC; lysine-sensitive aspartokinase 3 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]

OI982_16215

thrA; bifunctional aspartate kinase/homoserine dehydrogenase I [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]

OI982_12015

bifunctional aspartate kinase/homoserine dehydrogenase II [KO:K12525] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]

OI982_12730

asd; aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]

OI982_14675

metA; homoserine O-succinyltransferase [KO:K00651] [EC:2.3.1.46 2.3.1.31]

OI982_12020

metB; cystathionine gamma-synthase [KO:K01739] [EC:2.5.1.48]

OI982_14950

bifunctional O-acetylhomoserine aminocarboxypropyltransferase/cysteine synthase [KO:K01740] [EC:2.5.1.49]

OI982_11570

branched-chain amino acid transaminase [KO:K00826] [EC:2.6.1.42]

OI982_17995

gshA; glutamate--cysteine ligase [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]

OI982_17785

gshB; glutathione synthase [KO:K01920] [EC:6.3.2.3]

OI982_06045

aspartate/tyrosine/aromatic aminotransferase [KO:K00813] [EC:2.6.1.1]

OI982_06785

sseA; 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase [KO:K01011] [EC:2.8.1.1 2.8.1.2]

OI982_03590

aspartate/glutamate racemase family protein [KO:K25316] [EC:5.1.1.10]

OI982_01335

alr; alanine racemase [KO:K25317] [EC:5.1.1.10]

OI982_02465

D-cysteine desulfhydrase [KO:K05396] [EC:4.4.1.15]

OI982_11065

mdh; malate dehydrogenase [KO:K00024] [EC:1.1.1.37]

OI982_01390

L-serine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]

OI982_06425

L-serine ammonia-lyase [KO:K01752] [EC:4.3.1.17]

OI982_20450

cysM; cysteine synthase CysM [KO:K12339] [EC:2.5.1.144]

OI982_19800

serA; phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]

OI982_06145

serC; 3-phosphoserine/phosphohydroxythreonine transaminase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]

Compound

C00019

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine

C00021

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine

C00022

Pyruvate

C00041

L-Alanine

C00049

L-Aspartate

C00051

Glutathione

C00059

Sulfate

C00065

L-Serine

C00073

L-Methionine

C00094

Sulfite

C00097

L-Cysteine

C00109

2-Oxobutanoate

C00155

L-Homocysteine

C00170

5'-Methylthioadenosine

C00197

3-Phospho-D-glycerate

C00263

L-Homoserine

C00283

Hydrogen sulfide

C00409

Methanethiol

C00441

L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde

C00491

L-Cystine

C00506

L-Cysteate

C00606

3-Sulfino-L-alanine

C00793

D-Cysteine

C00957

Mercaptopyruvate

C00979

O-Acetyl-L-serine

C01005

O-Phospho-L-serine

C01077

O-Acetyl-L-homoserine

C01118

O-Succinyl-L-homoserine

C01137

S-Adenosylmethioninamine

C01180

4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid

C01234

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

C01817

L-Homocystine

C01962

Thiocysteine

C02218

Dehydroalanine

C02291

L-Cystathionine

C02356

(S)-2-Aminobutanoate

C02989

L-Methionine S-oxide

C03082

4-Phospho-L-aspartate

C03089

5-Methylthio-D-ribose

C03145

N-Formylmethionine

C03232

3-Phosphonooxypyruvate

C03431

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

C03539

S-Ribosyl-L-homocysteine

C04188

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribose 1-phosphate

C04582

S-Methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate

C05324

Nicotianamine

C05524

Aminoacyl-L-methionine

C05526

S-Glutathionyl-L-cysteine

C05527

3-Sulfinylpyruvate

C05528

3-Sulfopyruvate

C05823

3-Mercaptolactate

C05824

S-Sulfo-L-cysteine

C06547

Ethylene

C08276

3-(Methylthio)propanoate

C09306

Sulfur dioxide

C11437

1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

C11481

HSO3-

C11499

(S)-3-Sulfolactate

C11537

(2R)-3-Sulfolactate

C15606

1,2-Dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one

C15650

2,3-Diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate

C15651

2-Hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate

C18049

N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone

C19787

5'-S-Methyl-5'-thioinosine

C21015

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-2-aminobutyrate

C21016

Ophthalmate

C22359

S-Methyl-1-thio-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

Reference

PMID:15102328

Authors

Sekowska A, Denervaud V, Ashida H, Michoud K, Haas D, Yokota A, Danchin A

Title

Bacterial variations on the methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 4:9 (2004)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-4-9

Reference

PMID:14551435

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Kobayashi K, Ogasawara N, Yokota A.

Title

A functional link between RuBisCO-like protein of Bacillus and photosynthetic RuBisCO.

Journal

Science 302:286-90 (2003)
DOI:10.1126/science.1086997

Reference

PMID:12022921

Authors

Sekowska A, Danchin A.

Title

The methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

BMC Microbiol 2:8 (2002)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-2-8

Reference

PMID:12670965

Authors

Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH.

Title

Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2418-31 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.8.2418-2431.2003

Reference

PMID:17169919

Authors

Goyer A, Collakova E, Shachar-Hill Y, Hanson AD

Title

Functional characterization of a methionine gamma-lyase in Arabidopsis and its implication in an alternative to the reverse trans-sulfuration pathway.

Journal

Plant Cell Physiol 48:232-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcl055

Reference

PMID:17030798

Authors

Rebeille F, Jabrin S, Bligny R, Loizeau K, Gambonnet B, Van Wilder V, Douce R, Ravanel S

Title

Methionine catabolism in Arabidopsis cells is initiated by a gamma-cleavage process and leads to S-methylcysteine and isoleucine syntheses.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:15687-92 (2006)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0606195103

Reference

PMID:18625006

Authors

Pirkov I, Norbeck J, Gustafsson L, Albers E

Title

A complete inventory of all enzymes in the eukaryotic methionine salvage pathway.

Journal

FEBS J 275:4111-20 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06552.x

Reference

PMID:18391471

Authors

Ashida H, Saito Y, Kojima C, Yokota A

Title

Enzymatic characterization of 5-methylthioribulose-1-phosphate dehydratase of the methionine salvage pathway in Bacillus subtilis.

Journal

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 72:959-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1271/bbb.70651

Reference

PMID:10613873

Authors

Kitabatake M, So MW, Tumbula DL, Soll D

Title

Cysteine biosynthesis pathway in the archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri encoded by acquired bacterial genes?

Journal

J Bacteriol 182:143-5 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JB.182.1.143-145.2000

Reference

PMID:12644499

Authors

Mino K, Ishikawa K

Title

Characterization of a novel thermostable O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase from Aeropyrum pernix K1.

Journal

J Bacteriol 185:2277-84 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JB.185.7.2277-2284.2003

Reference

PMID:18520135

Authors

Tanabe S

Title

Development of assay methods for endogenous inorganic sulfur compounds and sulfurtransferases and evaluation of the physiological functions of bound sulfur.

Journal

Yakugaku Zasshi 128:881-900 (2008)
DOI:10.1248/yakushi.128.881

Reference

Authors

Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).

Title

[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)

Journal

Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)

Reference

PMID:19270684

Authors