KEGG   PATHWAY: dre00260
Entry
dre00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Danio rerio (zebrafish)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
dre00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
dre00260

Module
dre_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:dre00260]
dre_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:dre00260]
dre_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:dre00260]
dre_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:dre00260]
dre_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:dre00260]
dre_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:dre00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Danio rerio (zebrafish) [GN:dre]
Gene
431723  tha1; threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
394021  shmt1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
100144628  shmt2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
436603  agxta; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase a [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
79378  agxtb; alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate aminotransferase b [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
402985  grhprb; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase b [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
497183  grhpra; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
570678  glyctk; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
572733  pgam2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
323107  pgam1a; phosphoglycerate mutase 1a [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
327165  pgam1b; phosphoglycerate mutase 1b [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
436903  bpgm; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
321928  phgdh; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
327512  psat1; phosphoserine aminotransferase isoform 1 [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
606663  psph; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
402822  gcat; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
406528  tdh; L-threonine dehydrogenase [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
556781  tdh2; L-threonine dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
64607  alas2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
64608  alas1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, nonspecific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
404730  mao; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
558050  si:ch211-127i16.2; probable flavin-containing monoamine oxidase A isoform X2 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
541429  aoc2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
321621  gldc; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
450000  amt; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
399479  dldh; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
436852  gcshb; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), b [KO:K02437]
541329  gcsha; glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier), a [KO:K02437]
405800  dao.2; D-amino-acid oxidase, tandem duplicate 2 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
402994  dao.3; D-amino-acid oxidase, tandem duplicate 3 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
619259  dao.1; D-amino-acid oxidase, tandem duplicate 1 [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
619269  agxt2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
266799  gatm; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
796865  gamt; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
100331020  chdh; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
334197  aldh7a1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
322228  bhmt; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
100141496  dmgdh; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
558601  pipox; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
394103  sardh; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
403338  gnmt; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
550524  cbsa; cystathionine beta-synthase a [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
266987  cbsb; cystathionine beta-synthase b [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
322055  cth; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
445818  cthl; cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase), like [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
100331665  uncharacterized protein LOC100331665 [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
563642  sdsl; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
571260  zgc:162816; uncharacterized protein LOC571260 [KO:K20498] [EC:4.3.1.18]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
dre00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
dre00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
dre00230  Purine metabolism
dre00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
dre00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
dre00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
dre00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
dre00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
dre00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
dre00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
dre00620  Pyruvate metabolism
dre00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
dre00640  Propanoate metabolism
dre00860  Porphyrin metabolism
dre00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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