KEGG   PATHWAY: bbub04730
Entry
bbub04730                   Pathway                                
Name
Long-term depression - Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo)
Description
Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD), thought to be a molecular and cellular basis for cerebellar learning, is a process involving a decrease in the synaptic strength between parallel fiber (PF) and Purkinje cells (PCs) induced by the conjunctive activation of PFs and climbing fiber (CF). Multiple signal transduction pathways have been shown to be involved in this process. Activation of PFs terminating on spines in dendritic branchlets leads to glutamate release and activation of both AMPA and mGluRs. Activation of CFs, which make multiple synaptic contacts on proximal dendrites, also via AMPA receptors, opens voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and causes a generalized influx of calcium. These cellular signals, generated from two different synaptic origins, trigger a cascade of events culminating in a phosphorylation-dependent, long-term reduction in AMPA receptor sensitivity at the PF-PC synapse. This may take place either through receptor internalization and/or through receptor desensitization.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
bbub04730  Long-term depression
bbub04730

Other DBs
GO: 0048169
Organism
Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) [GN:bbub]
Gene
102400136  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
102394541  GUCY1A1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
102390736  GUCY1A2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
102400461  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2-like [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
102394244  GUCY1B1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
102407722  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
102405676  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
102397642  PPP1R17; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 17 [KO:K08067]
102396397  PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
102409320  PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X2 [KO:K03456]
102412869  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
102412546  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
102398465  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
102407460  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
112587129  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K02833]
102392995  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
102399487  NRAS; GTPase NRas isoform X2 [KO:K07828]
102392863  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X2 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102401079  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X2 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102412922  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102396842  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102401744  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
102396206  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102403296  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102406689  GRID2; glutamate receptor ionotropic, delta-2 [KO:K05207]
102414394  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 [KO:K04603]
102413668  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
102401306  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
102409247  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
102394976  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04534]
102397443  GNAZ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z) subunit alpha [KO:K04535]
102408597  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
112577614  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
102409709  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X2 [KO:K04346]
102390212  GNA13; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 [KO:K04639]
102389740  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
102397348  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
102398203  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
102398843  cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
102397889  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
102415611  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X4 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102407189  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X2 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102397646  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
102409250  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
102391819  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
102412320  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102405830  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102413748  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102389945  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
102406405  GRIA1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X3 [KO:K05197]
102391738  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X4 [KO:K05198]
102399596  GRIA3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform X2 [KO:K05199]
102394691  LYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn isoform X2 [KO:K05854] [EC:2.7.10.2]
102404131  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X4 [KO:K04344]
102412452  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X8 [KO:K04958]
102401062  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04959]
102409793  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
102398635  RYR1; ryanodine receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04961]
102403604  CRH; corticoliberin [KO:K05256]
102414459  CRHR1; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04578]
102392528  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X6 [KO:K05459]
102403092  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X2 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00641  1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:12415297
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
The molecular organization of cerebellar long-term depression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:896-902 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn962
Reference
PMID:11427694
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
Cerebellar long-term depression: characterization, signal transduction, and functional roles.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 81:1143-95 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.3.1143
Reference
  Authors
Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
  Title
Neuroscience
  Journal
Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference
PMID:9735948
  Authors
Daniel H, Levenes C, Crepel F.
  Title
Cellular mechanisms of cerebellar LTD.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 21:401-7 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01304-6
Reference
PMID:9602501
  Authors
Levenes C, Daniel H, Crepel F.
  Title
Long-term depression of synaptic transmission in the cerebellum: cellular and molecular mechanisms revisited.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 55:79-91 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00096-8
Reference
PMID:14509570
  Authors
Metzger F, Kapfhammer JP.
  Title
Protein kinase C: its role in activity-dependent Purkinje cell dendritic development and plasticity.
  Journal
Cerebellum 2:206-14 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/14734220310016150
Related
pathway
bbub04020  Calcium signaling pathway
bbub04724  Glutamatergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04730   
LinkDB

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