KEGG   PATHWAY: btax04727
Entry
btax04727                   Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Budorcas taxicolor (takin)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
btax04727  GABAergic synapse
btax04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Budorcas taxicolor (takin) [GN:btax]
Gene
128047988  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid symporter 1 [KO:K14990]
128047641  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid symporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
128066414  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
128048001  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
128058460  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
128066935  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
128067378  glutamate decarboxylase 1-like [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
128058797  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
128043969  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
128069937  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
128050737  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
128050822  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
128066560  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
128049649  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175]
128049711  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 [KO:K05175]
128051328  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 [KO:K05181]
128066802  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 [KO:K05181]
128049767  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
128050701  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 [KO:K05186]
128066630  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
128049695  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186]
128061684  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
128070400  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
128070455  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
128066188  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi [KO:K05189]
128050339  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
128044465  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
128058174  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
128065393  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
128066420  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
128063096  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
128065441  HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
128063291  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
128065589  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
128049017  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
128064597  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
128071499  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
128062545  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 [KO:K15375]
128054526  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
128058123  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 [KO:K23967]
128053315  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
128053350  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190]
128055352  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
128050795  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
128055241  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
128048945  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
128052044  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
128070004  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
128061188  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
128052265  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
128055872  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 [KO:K04615]
128044413  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630]
128057155  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
128046449  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
128062941  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha [KO:K04534]
128061341  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
128068195  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
128047979  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
128050433  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
128054091  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
128068668  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
128048580  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
128046927  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
128046764  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128066123  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128056879  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128053854  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128067499  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128047362  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128063240  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128059256  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128043555  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
128053340  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
128071500  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
128048333  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 [KO:K05046]
128045432  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
128048334  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
128061599  GLUL; glutamine synthetase isoform X1 [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
128060021  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
128069958  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
btax00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
btax00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
btax04144  Endocytosis
btax04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system