KEGG   PATHWAY: oga04727
Entry
oga04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Otolemur garnettii (small-eared galago)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
oga04727  GABAergic synapse
oga04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Otolemur garnettii (small-eared galago) [GN:oga]
Gene
100958828  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
100959137  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
100942507  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
100956041  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
100957491  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
100965286  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
100945983  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
100945542  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
100941086  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
100954326  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05175]
100961059  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
100957365  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
100958314  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
100954634  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
100941625  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
100958637  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X3 [KO:K05181]
100954948  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
100945525  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
100956855  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
100954017  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186]
100965004  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
100961382  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
100960738  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
100949613  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi isoform X1 [KO:K05189]
100964083  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100966533  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
100941865  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
100965377  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100943579  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X2 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100956877  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X2 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100957925  HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
100962143  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
100965304  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
100949246  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
100953749  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
100965158  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
100940694  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 [KO:K15375]
100967123  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X4 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
100943127  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X2 [KO:K23967]
100958621  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
100940751  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
100965775  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
100940437  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
100957337  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
100964267  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
100953767  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X2 [KO:K04851]
100962519  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853]
100962683  CACNA1S; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
100944506  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 [KO:K04615]
100966327  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
100962114  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
100945007  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
100962000  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04630]
100966468  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
100964694  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
100940763  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
100950950  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
100961335  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
100954252  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
111726116  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
100947073  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
100967014  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
111723289  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
111724938  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
111728356  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
111723667  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10-like [KO:K04545]
100954553  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
100950477  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
111727847  GNG14; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347]
111725594  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
100954240  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
111724020  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
100955472  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100941250  ADCY2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100942592  ADCY3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100949638  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100942320  ADCY5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100963748  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X2 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100956925  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100952034  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100943767  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X2 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
100954049  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
100949098  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
100960931  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 [KO:K05046]
100949418  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
100942007  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K05045]
100964656  GLUL; glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
100961799  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
100948141  SLC38A5; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
oga00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
oga00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
oga04144  Endocytosis
oga04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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