KEGG   PATHWAY: tge04727
Entry
tge04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Theropithecus gelada (gelada)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
tge04727  GABAergic synapse
tge04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Theropithecus gelada (gelada) [GN:tge]
Gene
112634072  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14990]
112635500  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
112635951  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
112634835  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
112636168  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
112631453  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
112633258  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
112613761  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
112615693  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
112624580  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
112624668  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
112626042  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
112626559  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
112627608  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
112627893  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
112624581  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
112626085  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
112624934  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
112626448  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
112627721  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
112627607  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
112616542  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
112615306  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
112625994  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi [KO:K05189]
112608183  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
112618864  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
112612552  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
112633533  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
112609643  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
112614190  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
112613317  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
112610115  HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
112613697  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
112608982  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
112625376  autophagy-related protein 8-like isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
112633963  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
112610004  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase isoform X1 [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
112636070  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
112636183  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15375]
112628783  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
112632529  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K23967]
112623016  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
112623380  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
112619479  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
112612428  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
112607972  CACNA1B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
112634000  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
112618467  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
112614995  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
112625837  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
112622302  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
112608468  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
112620903  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
112625820  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
112618989  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
112614138  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
112632175  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04536]
112620636  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
112634141  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07825]
112619070  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
112627568  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
112629356  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07826]
112606716  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
112627501  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
112623092  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
112613438  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
112612425  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544]
112608393  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
112608663  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
112621764  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
112624588  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
112614614  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
112621057  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
112609503  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
112620936  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112625956  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112604540  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112629482  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112618524  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112635149  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112613998  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112630332  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112614524  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
112620839  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
112618493  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05034]
112634024  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
112618811  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05044]
112634526  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
112632665  GLUL; glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
112618789  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
112615342  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 isoform X1 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
tge00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
tge00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
tge04144  Endocytosis
tge04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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