KEGG   PATHWAY: pyu04970
Entry
pyu04970                    Pathway                                
Name
Salivary secretion - Puma yagouaroundi (jaguarundi)
Description
Saliva has manifold functions in maintaining the integrity of the oral tissues, in protecting teeth from caries, in the tasting and ingestion of food, in speech and in the tolerance of tenures, for example. Salivary secretion occurs in response to stimulation by neurotransmitters released from autonomic nerve endings. There are two secretory pathways: protein exocytosis and fluid secretion. Sympathetic stimulation leads to the activation of adenylate cyclase and accumulation of intracellular cAMP. The elevation of cAMP causes the secretion of proteins such as amylase and mucin. In contrast, parasympathetic stimulation activates phospholipase C and causes the elevation of intracellular Ca2+, which leads to fluid secretion; that is, water and ion transport. Ca2+ also induces amylase secretion, but the amount is smaller than that induced by cAMP.
Class
Organismal Systems; Digestive system
Pathway map
pyu04970  Salivary secretion
pyu04970

Other DBs
GO: 0046541
Organism
Puma yagouaroundi (jaguarundi) [GN:pyu]
Gene
121010166  ADRA1B; alpha-1B adrenergic receptor [KO:K04136]
121010269  NOS1; nitric oxide synthase, brain isoform X1 [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
121010647  SLC12A2; solute carrier family 12 member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10951]
121011151  [KO:K13916]
121012024  [KO:K13899]
121012064  ADRA1D; alpha-1D adrenergic receptor [KO:K04137]
121012476  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
121012479  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
121012572  [KO:K13899]
121012924  [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
121013601  [KO:K04634]
121014035  BEST2; bestrophin-2 isoform X1 [KO:K13879]
121014090  PRKACA; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
121014870  [KO:K02183]
121014873  [KO:K02183]
121015055  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
121015308  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121015507  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
121015508  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
121015748  VAMP2; vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 [KO:K13504]
121015983  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
121016318  CALM2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
121016604  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
121016977  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121018549  KCNN4; intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 [KO:K04945]
121018659  CALM3; calmodulin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
121018827  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121019338  CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
121019369  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121019600  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121019701  ADRB3; beta-3 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04143]
121019943  [KO:K04632]
121019944  [KO:K04632]
121021567  ATP2B4; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
121022802  [KO:K13908]
121022885  SLC4A2; anion exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K13855]
121023215  CHRM3; muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 [KO:K04131]
121023937  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
121023973  SLC9A1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05742]
121025071  ATP2B3; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 3 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
121025392  ATP1B4; protein ATP1B4 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
121027378  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
121027582  [KO:K01176] [EC:3.2.1.1]
121027760  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
121028143  GUCY1B1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
121028162  GUCY1A1; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
121028194  TRPV6; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 [KO:K04975]
121029298  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960]
121031569  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121032181  CALM1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
121033641  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
121033760  ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
121035306  GUCY1A2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
121035451  [KO:K01538]
121036524  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121036835  KCNMA1; calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04936]
121037325  DMBT1; deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein [KO:K13912]
121038074  CD38; ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01242] [EC:3.2.2.6 2.4.99.20]
121038087  BST1; ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18152] [EC:3.2.2.6 2.4.99.20]
121038599  AQP5; aquaporin-5 [KO:K09867]
121038647  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X1 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121038795  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
121039052  [KO:K13915] [EC:3.2.1.17]
121039821  ADRA1A; alpha-1A adrenergic receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04135]
121040647  ATP2B1; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
121040766  LYZ; lysozyme C [KO:K13915] [EC:3.2.1.17]
121041261  ATP2B2; plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05850] [EC:7.2.2.10]
121041326  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
121041441  RYR3; ryanodine receptor 3 [KO:K04963]
121041495  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
121041895  CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
121042416  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121042990  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121044199  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
121044727  LPO; lactoperoxidase isoform X1 [KO:K12550] [EC:1.11.1.7]
121044775  ADRB2; beta-2 adrenergic receptor [KO:K04142]
121045271  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
Compound
C00001  H2O
C00011  CO2
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00238  Potassium cation
C00288  HCO3-
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
C01353  Carbonic acid
C01996  Acetylcholine
C13050  Cyclic ADP-ribose
Reference
PMID:16799262
  Authors
Ishikawa Y, Cho G, Yuan Z, Skowronski MT, Pan Y, Ishida H
  Title
Water channels and zymogen granules in salivary glands.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:495-512 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CRJ06007X
Reference
PMID:16712780
  Authors
Ishikawa Y, Cho G, Yuan Z, Inoue N, Nakae Y
  Title
Aquaporin-5 water channel in lipid rafts of rat parotid glands.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1758:1053-60 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.03.026
Reference
PMID:10682899
  Authors
Ambudkar IS
  Title
Regulation of calcium in salivary gland secretion.
  Journal
Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 11:4-25 (2000)
DOI:10.1177/10454411000110010301
Reference
PMID:10928320
  Authors
Ishikawa Y, Ishida H
  Title
Aquaporin water channel in salivary glands.
  Journal
Jpn J Pharmacol 83:95-101 (2000)
DOI:10.1254/jjp.83.95
Reference
PMID:8105741
  Authors
Baum BJ
  Title
Principles of saliva secretion.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 694:17-23 (1993)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb18338.x
Reference
PMID:9720759
  Authors
Fujita-Yoshigaki J
  Title
Divergence and convergence in regulated exocytosis: the characteristics of cAMP-dependent enzyme secretion of parotid salivary acinar cells.
  Journal
Cell Signal 10:371-5 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0898-6568(97)00178-2
Reference
PMID:18626068
  Authors
Heitzmann D, Warth R
  Title
Physiology and pathophysiology of potassium channels in gastrointestinal epithelia.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 88:1119-82 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00020.2007
Reference
PMID:17157080
  Authors
Proctor GB, Carpenter GH
  Title
Regulation of salivary gland function by autonomic nerves.
  Journal
Auton Neurosci 133:3-18 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.autneu.2006.10.006
Reference
PMID:11936453
  Authors
Turner RJ, Sugiya H
  Title
Understanding salivary fluid and protein secretion.
  Journal
Oral Dis 8:3-11 (2002)
DOI:10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.10815.x
Reference
PMID:15153696
  Authors
Van Nieuw Amerongen A, Bolscher JG, Veerman EC
  Title
Salivary proteins: protective and diagnostic value in cariology?
  Journal
Caries Res 38:247-53 (2004)
DOI:10.1159/000077762
Reference
PMID:17347411
  Authors
Nakamoto T, Srivastava A, Romanenko VG, Ovitt CE, Perez-Cornejo P, Arreola J, Begenisich T, Melvin JE
  Title
Functional and molecular characterization of the fluid secretion mechanism in human parotid acinar cells.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 292:R2380-90 (2007)
DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00591.2006
Reference
PMID:15709965
  Authors
Melvin JE, Yule D, Shuttleworth T, Begenisich T
  Title
Regulation of fluid and electrolyte secretion in salivary gland acinar cells.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 67:445-69 (2005)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.041703.084745
Reference
PMID:20224180
  Authors
Catalan MA, Nakamoto T, Melvin JE
  Title
The salivary gland fluid secretion mechanism.
  Journal
J Med Invest 56 Suppl:192-6 (2009)
DOI:10.2152/jmi.56.192
Related
pathway
pyu04020  Calcium signaling pathway
pyu04530  Tight junction
pyu04973  Carbohydrate digestion and absorption
KO pathway
ko04970   

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