KEGG   PATHWAY: pyu04974
Entry
pyu04974                    Pathway                                
Name
Protein digestion and absorption - Puma yagouaroundi (jaguarundi)
Description
Protein is a dietary component essential for nutritional homeostasis in humans. Normally, ingested protein undergoes a complex series of degradative processes following the action of gastric, pancreatic and small intestinal enzymes. The result of this proteolytic activity is a mixture of amino acids and small peptides. Amino acids (AAs) are transported into the enterocyte (intestinal epithelial cell) by a variety of AA transporters that are specific for cationic (basic) AA, neutral AA, and anionic (acidic) AA. Small peptides are absorbed into enterocytes by the PEPT1 transporter. Inside enterocytes peptides are hydrolyzed, and the resulting amino acids are released together with those absorbed by AA transporters into blood via multiple, basolateral, AA transporters. Hydrolysis-resistant peptides, however, are transported out of the cells by a basolateral peptide transporter that has not been identified molecularly.
Class
Organismal Systems; Digestive system
Pathway map
pyu04974  Protein digestion and absorption
pyu04974

Other DBs
GO: 0044256 0050892
Organism
Puma yagouaroundi (jaguarundi) [GN:pyu]
Gene
121009799  [KO:K01310] [EC:3.4.21.1]
121009800  [KO:K01310] [EC:3.4.21.1]
121010835  COL23A1; collagen alpha-1(XXIII) chain [KO:K24355]
121011289  COL7A1; collagen alpha-1(VII) chain [KO:K16628]
121011633  SLC7A9; B(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K13868]
121012974  CPB2; carboxypeptidase B2 [KO:K01300] [EC:3.4.17.20]
121013698  SLC1A1; excitatory amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K05612]
121013837  COL5A3; collagen alpha-3(V) chain [KO:K19721]
121014377  COL6A3; collagen alpha-3(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
121014415  KCNJ13; inward rectifier potassium channel 13 isoform X1 [KO:K05006]
121014479  COL4A4; collagen alpha-4(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
121014480  [KO:K06237]
121015055  ATP1B1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
121015507  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
121015508  [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
121015983  ATP1B2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
121016354  SLC3A1; neutral and basic amino acid transport protein rBAT [KO:K14210]
121017675  COL26A1; collagen alpha-1(XXVI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24358]
121017740  ELN; elastin isoform X1 [KO:K14211]
121018549  KCNN4; intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 4 [KO:K04945]
121018666  SLC1A5; neutral amino acid transporter B(0) isoform X1 [KO:K05616]
121018685  SLC8A2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
121019934  COL20A1; collagen alpha-1(XX) chain [KO:K24357]
121020018  COL9A3; collagen alpha-3(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
121021253  COL5A1; collagen alpha-1(V) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
121021775  SLC9A3; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12040]
121022803  [KO:K01345] [EC:3.4.21.70]
121023752  KCNQ1; potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 [KO:K04926]
121023806  SLC3A2; 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain [KO:K06519]
121024272  [KO:K01310] [EC:3.4.21.1]
121025139  COL16A1; collagen alpha-1(XVI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24339]
121025392  ATP1B4; protein ATP1B4 isoform X1 [KO:K01540]
121025536  XPNPEP2; xaa-Pro aminopeptidase 2 [KO:K14208] [EC:3.4.11.9]
121025614  ACE2; angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09708] [EC:3.4.17.23]
121025749  COL4A5; collagen alpha-5(IV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06237]
121025762  [KO:K06237]
121026342  COL8A2; collagen alpha-2(VIII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K23455]
121026924  COL9A2; collagen alpha-2(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
121027407  COL24A1; collagen alpha-1(XXIV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
121027577  COL11A1; collagen alpha-1(XI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
121027760  ATP1A1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
121028028  COL28A1; collagen alpha-1(XXVIII) chain [KO:K23619]
121028198  [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
121028199  [KO:K01312] [EC:3.4.21.4]
121028334  CPA1; carboxypeptidase A1 isoform X1 [KO:K08779] [EC:3.4.17.1]
121028338  CPA2; carboxypeptidase A2 isoform X1 [KO:K01298] [EC:3.4.17.15]
121028725  COL1A2; collagen alpha-2(I) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06236]
121029270  COL11A2; collagen alpha-2(XI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19721]
121029399  KCNK5; potassium channel subfamily K member 5 [KO:K04916]
121029545  MEP1A; meprin A subunit alpha [KO:K01395] [EC:3.4.24.18]
121029608  COL21A1; collagen alpha-1(XXI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K16629]
121029642  COL19A1; collagen alpha-1(XIX) chain [KO:K24340]
121029643  COL9A1; collagen alpha-1(IX) chain [KO:K08131]
121029674  COL12A1; collagen alpha-1(XII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K08132]
121029904  SLC16A10; monocarboxylate transporter 10 [KO:K08187]
121029935  COL10A1; collagen alpha-1(X) chain [KO:K19479]
121030350  COL5A2; collagen alpha-2(V) chain [KO:K19721]
121030615  DPP4; dipeptidyl peptidase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K01278] [EC:3.4.14.5]
121030815  COL3A1; collagen alpha-1(III) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19720]
121031234  COL25A1; collagen alpha-1(XXV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K24356]
121031489  SLC7A7; Y+L amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K13867]
121031510  SLC7A8; large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K13781]
121031984  SLC8A3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
121033031  MEP1B; meprin A subunit beta [KO:K08606] [EC:3.4.24.63]
121033657  [KO:K06238]
121033659  COL6A5; collagen alpha-5(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
121033660  COL6A6; collagen alpha-6(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
121033760  ATP1B3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
121033804  CPB1; carboxypeptidase B isoform X1 [KO:K01291] [EC:3.4.17.2]
121033806  CPA3; mast cell carboxypeptidase A [KO:K08780] [EC:3.4.17.1]
121033874  MME; neprilysin [KO:K01389] [EC:3.4.24.11]
121034728  COL15A1; collagen alpha-1(XV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K08135]
121034870  COL27A1; collagen alpha-1(XXVII) chain [KO:K19721]
121035451  [KO:K01538]
121035838  COL6A2; collagen alpha-2(VI) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06238]
121035839  COL6A1; collagen alpha-1(VI) chain [KO:K06238]
121035845  COL18A1; collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06823]
121036149  COL8A1; collagen alpha-1(VIII) chain [KO:K23455]
121036731  COL13A1; collagen alpha-1(XIII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K16617]
121037194  COL17A1; collagen alpha-1(XVII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K07603]
121037646  COL4A1; collagen alpha-1(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
121037709  COL4A2; collagen alpha-2(IV) chain [KO:K06237]
121037774  SLC15A1; solute carrier family 15 member 1 [KO:K14206]
121038661  COL2A1; collagen alpha-1(II) chain isoform X1 [KO:K19719]
121038682  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
121039273  KCNE3; potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 3 [KO:K04897]
121039352  [KO:K01285] [EC:3.4.16.2]
121039412  SLC36A4; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 4 isoform X1 [KO:K14209]
121040751  SLC6A19; sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT1 [KO:K05334]
121042913  COL14A1; collagen alpha-1(XIV) chain isoform X1 [KO:K08133]
121043031  COL22A1; collagen alpha-1(XXII) chain isoform X1 [KO:K16630]
121043337  [KO:K06002] [EC:3.4.23.1]
121043339  [KO:K06002] [EC:3.4.23.1]
121044170  [KO:K13868]
121044375  SLC8A1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05849]
121044798  COL1A1; collagen alpha-1(I) chain isoform X1 [KO:K06236]
121045332  SLC36A3; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K14209]
121045347  SLC36A2; proton-coupled amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14209]
121045375  [KO:K14209]
121045483  CTRL; chymotrypsin-like protease CTRL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K09632] [EC:3.4.21.-]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00033  Acetate
C00037  Glycine
C00041  L-Alanine
C00047  L-Lysine
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00062  L-Arginine
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00065  L-Serine
C00073  L-Methionine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00079  L-Phenylalanine
C00080  H+
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00099  beta-Alanine
C00123  L-Leucine
C00134  Putrescine
C00135  L-Histidine
C00146  Phenol
C00148  L-Proline
C00152  L-Asparagine
C00163  Propanoate
C00183  L-Valine
C00188  L-Threonine
C00238  Potassium cation
C00246  Butanoic acid
C00282  Hydrogen
C00388  Histamine
C00407  L-Isoleucine
C00463  Indole
C00483  Tyramine
C00491  L-Cystine
C01327  Hydrochloric acid
C01330  Sodium cation
C01438  Methane
C01468  4-Cresol
C01672  Cadaverine
C01746  Piperidine
C02632  2-Methylpropanoate
C05996  Branched chain fatty acid
C08262  3-Methylbutanoic acid
C16138  L-Pyrrolysine
C18319  2-Methylbutyrate
Reference
PMID:18195088
  Authors
Broer S
  Title
Amino acid transport across mammalian intestinal and renal epithelia.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 88:249-86 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00018.2006
Reference
PMID:15772300
  Authors
Palacin M, Nunes V, Font-Llitjos M, Jimenez-Vidal M, Fort J, Gasol E, Pineda M, Feliubadalo L, Chillaron J, Zorzano A
  Title
The genetics of heteromeric amino acid transporters.
  Journal
Physiology (Bethesda) 20:112-24 (2005)
DOI:10.1152/physiol.00051.2004
Reference
PMID:20522896
  Authors
Goodman BE
  Title
Insights into digestion and absorption of major nutrients in humans.
  Journal
Adv Physiol Educ 34:44-53 (2010)
DOI:10.1152/advan.00094.2009
Reference
PMID:11546643
  Authors
Wagner CA, Lang F, Broer S
  Title
Function and structure of heterodimeric amino acid transporters.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281:C1077-93 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.4.C1077
Reference
PMID:18400692
  Authors
Broer S
  Title
Apical transporters for neutral amino acids: physiology and pathophysiology.
  Journal
Physiology (Bethesda) 23:95-103 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physiol.00045.2007
Reference
PMID:9687539
  Authors
Wu G
  Title
Intestinal mucosal amino acid catabolism.
  Journal
J Nutr 128:1249-52 (1998)
DOI:10.1093/jn/128.8.1249
Reference
PMID:14977407
  Authors
Daniel H
  Title
Molecular and integrative physiology of intestinal peptide transport.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 66:361-84 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.66.032102.144149
Reference
PMID:12237156
  Authors
Rubio-Aliaga I, Daniel H
  Title
Mammalian peptide transporters as targets for drug delivery.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 23:434-40 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-6147(02)02072-2
Reference
PMID:7937532
  Authors
Bai JP
  Title
Distribution of brush-border membrane peptidases along the rat intestine.
  Journal
Pharm Res 11:897-900 (1994)
DOI:10.1023/a:1018946228432
Reference
PMID:12583961
  Authors
Guarner F, Malagelada JR
  Title
Gut flora in health and disease.
  Journal
Lancet 361:512-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12489-0
Reference
PMID:16887608
  Authors
Smith EA, Macfarlane GT
  Title
Dissimilatory amino Acid metabolism in human colonic bacteria.
  Journal
Anaerobe 3:327-37 (1997)
DOI:10.1006/anae.1997.0121
Reference
PMID:20093818
  Authors
Schepers E, Glorieux G, Vanholder R
  Title
The gut: the forgotten organ in uremia?
  Journal
Blood Purif 29:130-6 (2010)
DOI:10.1159/000245639
Reference
  Authors
John H.Cummings
  Title
The large intestine in nutrition and disease
  Journal
Institut Danone
Reference
PMID:18626068
  Authors
Heitzmann D, Warth R
  Title
Physiology and pathophysiology of potassium channels in gastrointestinal epithelia.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 88:1119-82 (2008)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00020.2007
Related
pathway
pyu00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
pyu04530  Tight junction
pyu04971  Gastric acid secretion
pyu04972  Pancreatic secretion
KO pathway
ko04974   

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