KEGG   PATHWAY: rno04260
Entry
rno04260                    Pathway                                
Name
Cardiac muscle contraction - Rattus norvegicus (rat)
Description
Contraction of the heart is a complex process initiated by the electrical excitation of cardiac myocytes (excitation-contraction coupling, ECC). In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ influx induced by activation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels (DHP receptors) upon membrane depolarization triggers the release of Ca2+ via Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through a Ca2+ -induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism. Ca2+ ions released via the CICR mechanism diffuse through the cytosolic space to contractile proteins to bind to troponinC resulting in the release of inhibition induced by troponinI. The Ca2+ binding to troponinC thereby triggers the sliding of thin and thick filaments, that is, the activation of a crossbridge and subsequent cardiac force development and/or cell shortening. Recovery occurs as Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) or is returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) pumps on the non-junctional region of the SR.
Class
Organismal Systems; Circulatory system
Pathway map
rno04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
rno04260

Other DBs
GO: 0060048
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (rat) [GN:rno]
Gene
24239  Cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
29716  Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
114493  Cacna1f; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
682930  Cacna1s; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
50688  Cacnb1; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1 [KO:K04862]
116600  Cacnb2; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 isoform 2 [KO:K04863]
25297  Cacnb3; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3 [KO:K04864]
58942  Cacnb4; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 isoform 2 [KO:K04865]
25399  Cacna2d1; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1 isoform 3 precursor [KO:K04858]
300992  Cacna2d2; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-2 precursor [KO:K04859]
306243  Cacna2d3; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-3 precursor [KO:K04860]
312668  Cacna2d4; voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-4 [KO:K04861]
29658  Cacng1; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit [KO:K04866]
84347  Cacng2; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit [KO:K04867]
140724  Cacng3; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-3 subunit [KO:K04868]
140725  Cacng4; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 subunit [KO:K04869]
140726  Cacng5; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-5 subunit [KO:K04870]
140727  Cacng6; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-6 subunit [KO:K04871]
140728  Cacng7; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-7 subunit [KO:K04872]
140729  Cacng8; voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-8 subunit [KO:K04873]
689560  Ryr2; ryanodine receptor 2 isoform 1 [KO:K04962]
312981  Asph; aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase isoform 2 [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
29209  Casq2; calsequestrin-2 precursor [KO:K23445]
59299  Trdn; triadin [KO:K23449]
292905  Hrc; sarcoplasmic reticulum histidine-rich calcium-binding protein precursor [KO:K23450]
116601  Atp2a1; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
25391  Atp2a3; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
29693  Atp2a2; sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 isoform b [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
290561  Tnnc1; troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles [KO:K05865]
29248  Tnni3; troponin I, cardiac muscle [KO:K12044]
24837  Tnnt2; troponin T, cardiac muscle isoform 1 [KO:K12045]
24851  Tpm1; tropomyosin alpha-1 chain isoform Tpm1.6cy [KO:K10373]
500450  Tpm2; tropomyosin beta chain isoform Tpm2.1sm/cy [KO:K10374]
117557  Tpm3; tropomyosin alpha-3 chain isoform Tpm3.3cy [KO:K09290]
24852  Tpm4; tropomyosin alpha-4 chain [KO:K10375]
29275  Actc1; actin, alpha cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
29557  Myh7; myosin-7 [KO:K17751]
29556  Myh6; myosin-6 [KO:K17751]
363925  Myl2; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
24585  Myl3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
688228  Myl4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
291103  Uqcrfs1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
26192  CYTB; cytochrome b [KO:K00412]
300047  Cyc1; cytochrome c-1 [KO:K00413]
301011  Uqcrc1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00414]
293448  Uqcrc2; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00415]
366448  Uqcrh; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
362897  Uqcrb; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
103693740  Uqcrbl2; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7-like [KO:K00417]
685596  Uqcrbl1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7-like [KO:K00417]
497902  Uqcrq; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
685322  Uqcr10; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex 7.2kDa protein [KO:K00419]
690848  Uqcr11; ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, complex III subunit XI [KO:K00420]
120097699  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10-like [KO:K00420]
100362798  Uqcr11l1; cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10-like [KO:K00420]
26204  COX3; cytochrome c oxidase subunit III [KO:K02262]
26195  COX1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit I [KO:K02256] [EC:7.1.1.9]
26198  COX2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit II [KO:K02261]
84683  Cox4i2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial isoform 2 precursor [KO:K02263]
29445  Cox4i1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02263]
252934  Cox5a; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02264]
100361008  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02264]
94194  Cox5b; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02265]
25278  Cox6a2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02266]
25282  Cox6a1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02266]
688869  Cox6b1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
654441  Cox6b2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
120103152  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
54322  Cox6c; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-2 [KO:K02268]
120098258  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-2-like [KO:K02268]
29507  Cox7a2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02270]
298762  Cox7a2l; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2 like isoform 1 [KO:K02270]
688386  Cox7a2l2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
687508  Cox7a1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1 [KO:K02270]
303393  Cox7b; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02271]
100361960  Cox7b2; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2 [KO:K02271]
100188937  Cox7c; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
100360357  Cox7cl1; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
120095266  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
25250  Cox8b; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8B, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02273]
360229  Cox8c; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8C, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
171335  Cox8a; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02273]
29715  Slc8a1; sodium/calcium exchanger 1 isoform 6 precursor [KO:K05849]
140447  Slc8a2; sodium/calcium exchanger 2 precursor [KO:K05849]
140448  Slc8a3; sodium/calcium exchanger 3 precursor [KO:K05849]
302863  Slc9a6; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 6 [KO:K12041]
317170  Slc9a7; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 [KO:K12041]
24211  Atp1a1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 precursor [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
24212  Atp1a2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 precursor [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
24213  Atp1a3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
29132  Atp1a4; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
84396  Atp1b4; protein ATP1B4 [KO:K01540]
25650  Atp1b1; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-1 [KO:K01540]
24214  Atp1b2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 [KO:K01540]
25390  Atp1b3; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3 [KO:K01540]
29639  Fxyd2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma isoform a [KO:K01538]
24782  Slc9a1; sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 [KO:K05742]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00238  Potassium cation
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:17988210
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Calcium cycling and signaling in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 70:23-49 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100455
Reference
PMID:11805843
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
  Journal
Nature 415:198-205 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415198a
Reference
PMID:16799263
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Signal transduction and Ca2+ signaling in intact myocardium.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:525-37 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06009X
Reference
PMID:18981594
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitizers.
  Journal
Circ J 72:1915-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0838
Reference
PMID:16552170
  Authors
Bers DM, Despa S
  Title
Cardiac myocytes Ca2+ and Na+ regulation in normal and failing hearts.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:315-22 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06001X
Reference
PMID:10747208
  Authors
Gordon AM, Homsher E, Regnier M
  Title
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 80:853-924 (2000)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.2.853
Reference
PMID:16701909
  Authors
Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N
  Title
Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 112:142-52 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106
Reference
PMID:16096350
  Authors
Lacinova L
  Title
Voltage-dependent calcium channels.
  Journal
Gen Physiol Biophys 24 Suppl 1:1-78 (2005)
Reference
PMID:12763850
  Authors
Lingrel J, Moseley A, Dostanic I, Cougnon M, He S, James P, Woo A, O'Connor K, Neumann J
  Title
Functional roles of the alpha isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 986:354-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
Reference
PMID:11294886
  Authors
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE
  Title
A millennial myosin census.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 12:780-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780
Reference
PMID:15736582
  Authors
Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ
  Title
Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003
Reference
PMID:14659803
  Authors
Yamashita H, Sugiura S, Fujita H, Yasuda S, Nagai R, Saeki Y, Sunagawa K, Sugi H
  Title
Myosin light chain isoforms modify force-generating ability of cardiac myosin by changing the kinetics of actin-myosin interaction.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 60:580-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.011
Reference
PMID:19403607
  Authors
Pritchard TJ, Kranias EG
  Title
Junctin and the histidine-rich Ca2+ binding protein: potential roles in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 587:3125-33 (2009)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172171
Reference
PMID:28596175
  Authors
Landstrom AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT
  Title
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias.
  Journal
Circ Res 120:1969-1993 (2017)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083
Related
pathway
rno04020  Calcium signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04260   
LinkDB

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