KEGG   PATHWAY: bta00260
Entry
bta00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Bos taurus (cow)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
bta00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
bta00260

Module
bta_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bta00260]
bta_M00047  Creatine pathway [PATH:bta00260]
bta_M00338  Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:bta00260]
bta_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:bta00260]
bta_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bta00260]
bta_M00974  Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:bta00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Bos taurus (cow) [GN:bta]
Gene
100138645  [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
100336082  AOC2; retina-specific copper amine oxidase [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
101905887  [KO:K02437]
112443696  [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
112447087  [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
132346346  [KO:K02437]
280719  AMT; aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
281002  AOC3; primary amine oxidase, lung isozyme [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
281293  MAOA; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
317723  GCSH; glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K02437]
319141  GCAT; 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00639] [EC:2.3.1.29]
338445  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
404148  PGAM1; phosphoglycerate mutase 1 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
414732  GATM; glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00613] [EC:2.1.4.1]
497025  BHMT; betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 [KO:K00544] [EC:2.1.1.5]
504453  DMGDH; dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00315] [EC:1.5.8.4]
504764  GRHPR; glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase [KO:K00049] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
505103  PHGDH; D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
505218  CHDH; choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00108] [EC:1.1.99.1]
507197  SHMT2; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
507443  THA1; uncharacterized protein THA1 isoform X1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
507477  ALDH7A1; alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
507688  GLDC; glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
507949  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
509002  SHMT1; serine hydroxymethyltransferase, cytosolic [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
509102  PIPOX; peroxisomal sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
511791  ALAS2; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, erythroid-specific, mitochondrial [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
511957  TDH; L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K15789] [EC:1.1.1.103]
514346  SDS; L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
514525  CBS; cystathionine beta-synthase [KO:K01697] [EC:4.2.1.22]
515067  PGAM2; phosphoglycerate mutase 2 [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
515270  GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [KO:K00542] [EC:2.1.1.2]
516783  SDSL; serine dehydratase-like [KO:K17989] [EC:4.3.1.17 4.3.1.19]
521553  AGXT2; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
525340  SRR; serine racemase [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
533044  PSAT1; phosphoserine aminotransferase [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
533630  PSPH; phosphoserine phosphatase [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
533785  BPGM; bisphosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K01837] [EC:5.4.2.4 5.4.2.11]
533910  DLD; dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
534286  ALAS1; 5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial precursor [KO:K00643] [EC:2.3.1.37]
538212  GNMT; glycine N-methyltransferase [KO:K00552] [EC:2.1.1.20]
539159  CTH; cystathionine gamma-lyase [KO:K01758] [EC:4.4.1.1]
614208  [KO:K02437]
614603  SARDH; sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial [KO:K00314] [EC:1.5.8.3]
615334  DAO; D-amino-acid oxidase [KO:K00273] [EC:1.4.3.3]
787129  [KO:K02437]
789307  SAO; primary amine oxidase, liver isozyme precursor [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
789572  AGXT; alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
PMID:11823218
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
PMID:10473374
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
PMID:17636255
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
PMID:16707670
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
PMID:15470257
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
PMID:11341914
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
PMID:15520012
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
bta00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
bta00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
bta00230  Purine metabolism
bta00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
bta00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
bta00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
bta00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
bta00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
bta00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
bta00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
bta00620  Pyruvate metabolism
bta00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
bta00640  Propanoate metabolism
bta00860  Porphyrin metabolism
bta00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   

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