Entry
Name
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling - Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo)
Description
Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) serve as retrograde messengers at synapses in various regions of the brain. The family of endocannabinoids includes at least five derivatives of arachidonic acid; the two best characterized are arachydonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) and 2-arachydonoil glycerol (2AG). They are released from postsynaptic neurons upon postsynaptic depolarization and/or receptor activation. The released endocannabinoids then activate the CB1 receptors (CB1R) at presynaptic terminals and suppress the release of inhibitory transmitter GABA (depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition, DSI) or excitatory transmitter glutamate (depolarization-induced suppression of excitation, DSE) by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. Besides the well-known expression of the CB1R in the plasma membrane, this receptor is also present in mitochondrial membranes, where it reduces the mitochondrial respiration and contributes to DSI. Whereas DSI and DSE result in short-term synaptic plasticity, endocannabinoids also mediate long-term synaptic changes (eCB-LTD). Persistent activation of CB1 receptors over a period of minutes triggers eCB-LTD by a RIM1alpha-dependent mechanism.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
dnm04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
Other DBs
Organism
Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo) [GN:
dnm ]
Gene
101410636 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
101410956 GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186 ]
101411540 NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
101411659 NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
101411900 GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192 ]
101412040 NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03957 ]
101412265 GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175 ]
101413207 NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939 ]
101413297 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
101413654 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101413770 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
101414080 NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949 ]
101414215 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
101414612 NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 isoform X1 [KO:K03952 ]
101415588 NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
101416405 NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
101418542 GABRA4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175 ]
101419849 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
101419878 PLCB4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101420315 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101420476 SLC17A7; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vesicular glutamate transporter 1 [KO:K12302 ]
101421427 CACNA1F; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
101422946 NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944 ]
101423121 GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534 ]
101423562 GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184 ]
101423975 NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
101424155 GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05175 ]
101424213 NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352 ]
101424600 GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 isoform X2 [KO:K05186 ]
101424635 KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000 ]
101424669 KCNJ3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997 ]
101425978 NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
101426538 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
101426647 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630 ]
101426987 NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964 ]
101427179 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101427206 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
101428131 NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
101428251 KCNJ5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999 ]
101428860 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
101431198 NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
101431251 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857 ]
101431301 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X9 [KO:K04850 ]
101431326 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
101435074 RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 [KO:K15291 ]
101435697 NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
101436562 NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
101436815 NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965 ]
101438727 NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
101438902 NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
101439844 NDUFS3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
101440883 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
101441349 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630 ]
101442978 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
101444486 GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186 ]
101444811 GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181 ]
101445239 GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175 ]
101445685 GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 [KO:K05181 ]
101445686 GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175 ]
101446035 NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351 ]
101446230 NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
101446294 NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
101446420 NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
101446475 GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 [KO:K05190 ]
101446493 NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937 ]
101446603 GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 [KO:K05181 ]
101446691 NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950 ]
101446876 NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962 ]
101447107 GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X2 [KO:K05175 ]
101447207 GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190 ]
101447543 GABRE; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185 ]
101447591 KCNJ9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002 ]
101447951 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform X2 [KO:K04630 ]
111763551 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
111764136 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
111764630 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
111766325 NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945 ]
Compound
C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C00689 alpha,alpha'-Trehalose 6-phosphate
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C19912 N-Arachidonoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine
Reference
Authors
Hashimotodani Y, Ohno-Shosaku T, Kano M
Title
Ca(2+)-assisted receptor-driven endocannabinoid release: mechanisms that associate presynaptic and postsynaptic activities.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohno-Shosaku T, Tanimura A, Hashimotodani Y, Kano M
Title
Endocannabinoids and retrograde modulation of synaptic transmission.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Basavarajappa BS
Title
Neuropharmacology of the endocannabinoid signaling system-molecular mechanisms, biological actions and synaptic plasticity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pacher P, Batkai S, Kunos G
Title
The endocannabinoid system as an emerging target of pharmacotherapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Marzo V, Bifulco M, De Petrocellis L
Title
The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic exploitation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hashimotodani Y, Ohno-Shosaku T, Kano M
Title
Endocannabinoids and synaptic function in the CNS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kano M, Ohno-Shosaku T, Hashimotodani Y, Uchigashima M, Watanabe M
Title
Endocannabinoid-mediated control of synaptic transmission.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Regehr WG, Carey MR, Best AR
Title
Activity-dependent regulation of synapses by retrograde messengers.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benarroch E
Title
Endocannabinoids in basal ganglia circuits: implications for Parkinson disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohno-Shosaku T, Hashimotodani Y, Maejima T, Kano M
Title
Calcium signaling and synaptic modulation: regulation of endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic modulation by calcium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harkany T, Mackie K, Doherty P
Title
Wiring and firing neuronal networks: endocannabinoids take center stage.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hosking RD, Zajicek JP
Title
Therapeutic potential of cannabis in pain medicine.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Marzo V
Title
Endocannabinoid signaling in the brain: biosynthetic mechanisms in the limelight.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McPartland JM
Title
The endocannabinoid system: an osteopathic perspective.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chevaleyre V, Heifets BD, Kaeser PS, Sudhof TC, Castillo PE
Title
Endocannabinoid-mediated long-term plasticity requires cAMP/PKA signaling and RIM1alpha.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lafourcade CA
Title
Presynaptic mechanisms of endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression in the hippocampus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ueda N, Tsuboi K, Uyama T, Ohnishi T
Title
Biosynthesis and degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Guo J, Ikeda SR
Title
Endocannabinoids modulate N-type calcium channels and G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels via CB1 cannabinoid receptors heterologously expressed in mammalian neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benard G, Massa F, Puente N, Lourenco J, Bellocchio L, Soria-Gomez E, Matias I, Delamarre A, Metna-Laurent M, Cannich A, Hebert-Chatelain E, Mulle C, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Martin-Fontecha M, Klugmann M, Guggenhuber S, Lutz B, Gertsch J, Chaouloff F, Lopez-Rodriguez ML, Grandes P, Rossignol R, Marsicano G
Title
Mitochondrial CB(1) receptors regulate neuronal energy metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Busquets-Garcia A, Desprez T, Metna-Laurent M, Bellocchio L, Marsicano G, Soria-Gomez E
Title
Dissecting the cannabinergic control of behavior: The where matters.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harkany T, Horvath TL
Title
(S)Pot on Mitochondria: Cannabinoids Disrupt Cellular Respiration to Limit Neuronal Activity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Alger BE, Tang AH
Title
Do cannabinoids reduce brain power?
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway