KEGG   PATHWAY: ko04540
Entry
ko04540                     Pathway                                
Name
Gap junction
Description
Gap junctions contain intercellular channels that allow direct communication between the cytosolic compartments of adjacent cells. Each gap junction channel is formed by docking of two 'hemichannels', each containing six connexins, contributed by each neighboring cell. These channels permit the direct transfer of small molecules including ions, amino acids, nucleotides, second messengers and other metabolites between adjacent cells. Gap junctional communication is essential for many physiological events, including embryonic development, electrical coupling, metabolic transport, apoptosis, and tissue homeostasis. Communication through Gap Junction is sensitive to a variety of stimuli, including changes in the level of intracellular Ca2+, pH, transjunctional applied voltage and phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes. This figure represents the possible activation routes of different protein kinases involved in Cx43 and Cx36 phosphorylation.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - eukaryotes
Pathway map
ko04540  Gap junction
ko04540

Other DBs
GO: 0005921
Orthology
K02087  CDK1, CDC2; cyclin-dependent kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.22 2.7.11.23]
K02677  PRKCA; classical protein kinase C alpha type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K02833  HRAS; GTPase HRas
K03099  SOS; son of sevenless
K04141  ADRB1; adrenergic receptor beta-1
K04144  DRD1; dopamine receptor D1
K04145  DRD2; dopamine receptor D2
K04157  HTR2; 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2
K04289  LPAR1, EDG2; lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1
K04345  PKA; protein kinase A [EC:2.7.11.11]
K04357  EGF; epidermal growth factor
K04359  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A
K04361  EGFR, ERBB1; epidermal growth factor receptor [EC:2.7.10.1]
K04363  PDGFRA, CD140A; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [EC:2.7.10.1]
K04364  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2
K04366  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [EC:2.7.11.1]
K04368  MAP2K1, MEK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [EC:2.7.12.2]
K04369  MAP2K2, MEK2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [EC:2.7.12.2]
K04371  ERK, MAPK1_3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 [EC:2.7.11.24]
K04420  MAP3K2, MEKK2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.25]
K04463  MAP2K5, MEK5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 [EC:2.7.12.2]
K04464  MAPK7; mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 [EC:2.7.11.24]
K04603  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1
K04604  GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5
K04630  GNAI; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha
K04632  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha
K04634  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
K04635  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11
K04958  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1
K04959  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 2
K04960  ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 3
K05089  PDGFRB, CD140B; platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta [EC:2.7.10.1]
K05450  PDGFC_D; platelet derived growth factor C/D
K05701  TJP1, ZO1; tight junction protein 1
K05704  SRC; tyrosine-protein kinase Src [EC:2.7.10.2]
K05858  PLCB; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, beta [EC:3.1.4.11]
K07372  GJA1, CX43; gap junction alpha-1 protein
K07373  GJD2, CX36; gap junction delta-2 protein
K07374  TUBA; tubulin alpha
K07375  TUBB; tubulin beta
K07376  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.12]
K07827  KRAS, KRAS2; GTPase KRas
K07828  NRAS; GTPase NRas
K08041  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase 1 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08042  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase 2 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08043  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase 3 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08044  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase 4 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08045  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase 5 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08046  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase 6 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08047  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase 7 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08048  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase 8 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08049  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase 9 [EC:4.6.1.1]
K08959  CSNK1D; casein kinase 1, delta [EC:2.7.11.1]
K12318  GUCY1A; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha [EC:4.6.1.2]
K12319  GUCY1B; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta [EC:4.6.1.2]
K17386  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B
K19477  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.12]
K19662  PRKCB; classical protein kinase C beta type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K19663  PRKCG; classical protein kinase C gamma type [EC:2.7.11.13]
K23453  src; RSV tyrosine-protein kinase transforming protein Src
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00681  1-Acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
C00780  Serotonin
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C03758  Dopamine
Reference
PMID:14506308
  Authors
Saez JC, Berthoud VM, Branes MC, Martinez AD, Beyer EC.
  Title
Plasma membrane channels formed by connexins: their regulation and functions.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 83:1359-400 (2003)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00007.2003
Reference
PMID:15033580
  Authors
Warn-Cramer BJ, Lau AF.
  Title
Regulation of gap junctions by tyrosine protein kinases.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1662:81-95 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2003.10.018
Reference
PMID:9535909
  Authors
Warn-Cramer BJ, Cottrell GT, Burt JM, Lau AF.
  Title
Regulation of connexin-43 gap junctional intercellular communication by mitogen-activated protein kinase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:9188-96 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.15.9188
Reference
PMID:10751659
  Authors
Roerig B, Feller MB.
  Title
Neurotransmitters and gap junctions in developing neural circuits.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 32:86-114 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(99)00069-7
Reference
PMID:10873290
  Authors
Hatton GI.
  Title
Synaptic modulation of neuronal coupling.
  Journal
Cell Biol Int 22:765-80 (1998)
DOI:10.1006/cbir.1998.0386
Reference
PMID:12566218
  Authors
Cruciani V, Mikalsen SO.
  Title
Connexins, gap junctional intercellular communication and kinases.
  Journal
Biol Cell 94:433-43 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0248-4900(02)00014-X
Reference
PMID:15094344
  Authors
Giepmans BN.
  Title
Gap junctions and connexin-interacting proteins.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 62:233-45 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.12.009
Reference
PMID:15955302
  Authors
Laird DW.
  Title
Connexin phosphorylation as a regulatory event linked to gap junction internalization and degradation.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1711:172-82 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.09.009
Reference
PMID:15033579
  Authors
Peracchia C.
  Title
Chemical gating of gap junction channels; roles of calcium, pH and calmodulin.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1662:61-80 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2003.10.020
Reference
PMID:15033578
  Authors
Bukauskas FF, Verselis VK.
  Title
Gap junction channel gating.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1662:42-60 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.01.008
Related
pathway
ko04010  MAPK signaling pathway
ko04020  Calcium signaling pathway
ko04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
ko04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
ko04080  Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

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