KEGG   PATHWAY: achl04144
Entry
achl04144                   Pathway                                
Name
Endocytosis - Acanthisitta chloris (rifleman)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
achl04144  Endocytosis
achl04144

Other DBs
GO: 0006897
Organism
Acanthisitta chloris (rifleman) [GN:achl]
Gene
103802570  ARF6; ADP-ribosylation factor 6 [KO:K07941]
103810009  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103804455  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103808257  PIP5K1C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103807267  PLD1; phospholipase D1 isoform X1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
103805097  DNM1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dynamin-1 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
103806943  dynamin-3-like [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
103809589  dynamin-2 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
103811150  CLTA; clathrin light chain A [KO:K04644]
103801584  CLTB; clathrin light chain B [KO:K04645]
103811936  CLTC; clathrin heavy chain 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04646]
103806514  clathrin heavy chain 2 [KO:K04646]
103809210  AP2A2; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 [KO:K11824]
103801083  AP2B1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: AP-2 complex subunit beta [KO:K11825]
103805429  AP2M1; AP-2 complex subunit mu isoform X1 [KO:K11826]
103800140  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103805135  TGF-beta receptor type-2-like [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103811946  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
103805088  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9-like [KO:K04679]
103809583  mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 [KO:K04500]
103809640  mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2-like [KO:K04500]
103808962  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
103808590  TFRC; transferrin receptor protein 1 [KO:K06503]
103803982  PDGFRA; platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha [KO:K04363] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103806071  fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 [KO:K05093] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103800822  FGFR3; fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 [KO:K05094] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103801282  FGFR4; fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 [KO:K05095] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103798238  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
103800205  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-like [KO:K04707] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103807793  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-B-like [KO:K22517] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103811061  SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 [KO:K12470]
103810765  SH3GL1; endophilin-A2 [KO:K11247]
103799913  SH3GL2; endophilin-A1 [KO:K11247]
103806878  SH3GL3; endophilin-A3 [KO:K11247]
103802531  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 [KO:K11248]
103812071  SH3GLB2; endophilin-B2 [KO:K21269]
103800341  BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 [KO:K12562]
103807310  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: amphiphysin-like [KO:K12562]
103799045  EPN2; epsin-2 [KO:K12471]
103811162  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: epsin-3-like [KO:K12471]
103798376  EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 [KO:K12472]
103811552  EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 [KO:K12472]
103807065  SPG20; spartin isoform X1 [KO:K19366]
103800323  NEDD4; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 isoform X1 [KO:K10591] [EC:2.3.2.26]
103799310  MDM2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm2 isoform X1 [KO:K06643] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103802335  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
103807940  ITCH; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Itchy homolog [KO:K05632] [EC:2.3.2.26]
103811855  SMURF1; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1 [KO:K04678] [EC:2.3.2.26]
103807426  SMURF2; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF2 [KO:K04678] [EC:2.3.2.26]
103806311  WWP1; NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP1 isoform X1 [KO:K05633] [EC:2.3.2.26]
103802077  LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 [KO:K12474]
103802491  low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1-like [KO:K12474]
103798870  DAB2; disabled homolog 2 [KO:K12475]
103804128  C-C chemokine receptor type 5-like [KO:K04180]
103805585  C-C chemokine receptor type 5-like [KO:K04180]
103801297  C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1-like [KO:K05050]
103811557  CXCR4; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 [KO:K04189]
103807331  GRK7; G protein-coupled receptor kinase 7 [KO:K00909] [EC:2.7.11.14]
103807700  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1-like [KO:K00910] [EC:2.7.11.15]
103809116  beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 [KO:K00910] [EC:2.7.11.15]
103797371  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5-like [KO:K08291] [EC:2.7.11.16]
103798787  GRK5; G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 [KO:K08291] [EC:2.7.11.16]
103799169  GRK6; G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 [KO:K08291] [EC:2.7.11.16]
103800302  GRK4; G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 [KO:K08291] [EC:2.7.11.16]
103806632  beta-arrestin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04439]
103798071  WASL; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein [KO:K23612]
103798415  ACTR2; actin-related protein 2 [KO:K17260]
103800028  actin-related protein 3 [KO:K18584]
103806877  actin-related protein 3B [KO:K18584]
103805822  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B [KO:K05757]
103806759  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A-like [KO:K05757]
103803692  ARPC2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [KO:K05758]
103810798  ARPC4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755]
103803730  ARPC5; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 [KO:K05754]
103808344  HSPA8; heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein isoform X1 [KO:K03283]
103798923  DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526]
103802128  KIAA1033; WASH complex subunit 7 [KO:K18465]
103806452  KIAA0196; WASH complex subunit strumpellin [KO:K18464]
103798076  WASH complex subunit FAM21-like [KO:K18462]
103797555  WASH1; WAS protein family homolog 1 [KO:K18461]
103801352  CCDC53; WASH complex subunit CCDC53 [KO:K18463]
103806294  CAPZA2; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2 [KO:K10364]
103801938  CAPZA1; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1 [KO:K10364]
103807136  CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta [KO:K10365]
103801519  VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 [KO:K18467]
103803930  VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466]
103800297  VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466]
103804876  VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468]
103810294  sorting nexin-12-like [KO:K17918]
103808206  SNX3; sorting nexin-3 [KO:K17918]
103811578  USP8; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K11839] [EC:3.4.19.12]
103803569  STAMBP; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: STAM-binding protein [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
103805065  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
103804167  HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182]
103800400  STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K04705]
103808715  STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K04705]
103811036  TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein [KO:K12183]
103809443  multivesicular body subunit 12B [KO:K12186]
103803408  VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184]
103804571  VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185]
103804817  VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185]
103802734  VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185]
103799443  SNF8; vacuolar-sorting protein SNF8 [KO:K12188]
103802084  VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190]
103806410  VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189]
103799316  CHMP6; charged multivesicular body protein 6 [KO:K12195]
103811824  CHMP4B; charged multivesicular body protein 4b [KO:K12194]
103802352  CHMP4C; charged multivesicular body protein 4c [KO:K24782]
103802478  CHMP3; charged multivesicular body protein 3 [KO:K12193]
103801229  CHMP2A; charged multivesicular body protein 2a [KO:K12191]
103803650  CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b [KO:K12192]
103808474  CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 [KO:K15053]
103797897  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196]
103807170  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A-like [KO:K12196]
103802814  VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199]
103811243  CHMP1B; charged multivesicular body protein 1b [KO:K12197]
103805045  CHMP1A; charged multivesicular body protein 1a [KO:K12197]
103807732  CHMP5; charged multivesicular body protein 5 [KO:K12198]
103804456  IST1; IST1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K19476]
103806899  PDCD6IP; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein [KO:K12200]
103800023  SPG21; maspardin isoform X1 [KO:K19367]
103801394  IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor [KO:K06564]
103803757  SNX2; sorting nexin-2 [KO:K17917]
103810075  SNX1; sorting nexin-1 [KO:K17917]
103804106  SNX6; sorting nexin-6 [KO:K17920]
103810203  SNX5; sorting nexin-5 [KO:K17920]
103810691  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103801883  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
103806730  interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha-like [KO:K05068]
103811052  IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta [KO:K05069]
103797625  IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma [KO:K05070]
103803775  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
103804547  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: folate receptor gamma-like [KO:K13649]
103811138  folate receptor gamma-like [KO:K13649]
103806380  riboflavin-binding protein-like [KO:K13649]
103805410  caveolin-1 [KO:K06278]
103811674  CAV2; caveolin-2 [KO:K12958]
103810499  CAV3; caveolin-3 [KO:K12959]
103800378  EHD3; EH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12476]
103800855  EHD4; EH domain-containing protein 4 [KO:K12477]
103805609  EEA1; early endosome antigen 1 [KO:K12478]
103809148  RAB5A; ras-related protein Rab-5A isoform X1 [KO:K07887]
103810390  ras-related protein Rab-5C-like [KO:K07889]
103801967  RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 [KO:K12480]
103803758  ZFYVE20; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rabenosyn-5 [KO:K12481]
103803284  RAB4A; ras-related protein Rab-4A [KO:K07879]
103809812  RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12482]
103808213  RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12482]
103797662  SNX4; sorting nexin-4 [KO:K17919]
103797357  RAB31; ras-related protein Rab-31 [KO:K07891]
103800273  RAB22A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein Rab-22A [KO:K07891]
103804011  ras-related protein Rab-10-like [KO:K07903]
103809637  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
103805554  RAB35; ras-related protein Rab-35 [KO:K07876]
103807203  ras-related protein Rab-11A-like [KO:K07904]
103802536  RAB11A; ras-related protein Rab-11A [KO:K07904]
103803917  RAB11B; ras-related protein Rab-11B isoform X1 [KO:K07905]
103797278  RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 [KO:K12484]
103804914  RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 [KO:K12484]
103805780  RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 [KO:K12484]
103804336  ZFYVE27; protrudin [KO:K19368]
103810657  kinesin heavy chain isoform 5C [KO:K10396]
103811940  KIF5B; kinesin-1 heavy chain [KO:K10396]
103802212  RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 [KO:K12485]
103803509  PARD3; partitioning defective 3 homolog [KO:K04237]
103805919  PARD6G; partitioning defective 6 homolog gamma [KO:K06093]
103812085  PARD6B; partitioning defective 6 homolog beta [KO:K06093]
103809176  PRKCZ; protein kinase C zeta type isoform X1 [KO:K18952] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103804734  PRKCI; protein kinase C iota type [KO:K06069] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103804054  CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393]
103798609  SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 [KO:K12486]
103808366  SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 [KO:K12486]
103797903  GIT2; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2 [KO:K12487]
103809609  ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488]
103804998  ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488]
103800663  ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12488]
103805776  ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12489]
103802337  ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12489]
103806636  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12490]
103801031  arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12491]
103806505  ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 [KO:K12492]
103804903  ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493]
103800326  ARFGAP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 [KO:K12493]
103799365  IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12495]
103803115  IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12495]
103797513  CYTH3; cytohesin-3 [KO:K18441]
103798435  CYTH4; cytohesin-4 [KO:K18441]
103805510  brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2-like [KO:K18442]
103800387  ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442]
103807094  GBF1; golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 [KO:K18443]
103802121  ARF1; ADP-ribosylation factor 1 [KO:K07937]
103811161  ARF4; ADP-ribosylation factor 4 [KO:K07939]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
PMID:19007773
  Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
  Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 315:1610-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.10.014
Reference
PMID:18647649
  Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
  Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
  Journal
Cell Signal 21:1-6 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.020
Reference
PMID:15261671
  Authors
Sorkin A
  Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 16:392-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.06.001
Reference
PMID:19325624
  Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
  Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
  Journal
Nature 458:445-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nature07961
Reference
PMID:20110990
  Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
  Title
The endocytic matrix.
  Journal
Nature 463:464-73 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08910
Reference
PMID:15687999
  Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
  Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:112-26 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1571
Reference
PMID:19924646
  Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
  Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
  Journal
Histol Histopathol 25:99-112 (2010)
DOI:10.14670/HH-25.99
Reference
PMID:16203612
  Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
  Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
  Journal
Ann Med 37:394-403 (2005)
DOI:10.1080/07853890510011976
Reference
PMID:19696797
  Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
  Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:597-608 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2755
Reference
PMID:22193161
  Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
  Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 14:29-37 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ncb2374
Related
pathway
achl04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
achl04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
achl04130  SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
achl04142  Lysosome
achl04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04144   
LinkDB

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