Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback sea turtle)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback sea turtle) [GN:
dcc ]
Gene
119856028 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
119860010 ZFYVE9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 [KO:K04679 ]
119855698 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
119849647 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
119863404 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
119848531 EPS15L1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 [KO:K12472 ]
119860071 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
119845499 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
119853231 low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1-A-like isoform X4 [KO:K12474 ]
119851836 ACTR3B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin-related protein 3B [KO:K18584 ]
119863375 ARPC2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05758 ]
119844028 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
119860477 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
119856027 CAPZA3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-3 [KO:K10364 ]
119844944 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
119843660 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
119858858 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A isoform X1 [KO:K18466 ]
119846801 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
119841054 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 isoform X1 [KO:K18468 ]
119842549 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X3 [KO:K12182 ]
119863336 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
119851407 STAM; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
119856668 TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein isoform X1 [KO:K12183 ]
119845634 MVB12A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: multivesicular body subunit 12A [KO:K12186 ]
119852325 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog isoform X4 [KO:K12184 ]
119855192 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
119843868 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
119857714 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
119844821 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
119857770 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: vacuolar-sorting protein SNF8-like [KO:K12188 ]
119842901 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
119849001 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 isoform X2 [KO:K12189 ]
119842267 CHMP4B; charged multivesicular body protein 4b isoform X1 [KO:K12194 ]
119852160 CHMP4C; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: charged multivesicular body protein 4c [KO:K24782 ]
119849763 CHMP2B; charged multivesicular body protein 2b isoform X1 [KO:K12192 ]
119848737 CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 isoform X2 [KO:K15053 ]
119841311 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A isoform X2 [KO:K12196 ]
119851266 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B isoform X1 [KO:K12196 ]
119853034 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12199 ]
119850837 programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
119853102 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06564 ]
119856193 IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K05068 ]
119861160 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
119857324 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC-like [KO:K04513 ]
119854513 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X2 [KO:K06751 ]
119856428 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
119854956 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
119856331 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
119842584 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
119844832 RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
119860593 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K12482 ]
119858887 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X3 [KO:K12482 ]
119847590 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 isoform X1 [KO:K12479 ]
119859129 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
119848747 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
119854346 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X2 [KO:K12484 ]
119862720 RAB11FIP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: rab11 family-interacting protein 3 [KO:K12485 ]
119842839 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
119841001 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
119845005 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
119845339 SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
119853749 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
119842208 arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2-like isoform X2 [KO:K12488 ]
119850849 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X5 [KO:K12488 ]
119845529 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
119853994 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
119861035 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X3 [KO:K12489 ]
119849269 ACAP1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
119845118 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
119845582 ARAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K18439 ]
119855186 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18440 ]
119859944 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
119863172 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X11 [KO:K12491 ]
119850589 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X3 [KO:K12491 ]
119846109 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
119841798 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X6 [KO:K12492 ]
119857070 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12493 ]
119845277 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
119855753 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3-like [KO:K12494 ]
119848834 PSD4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 4 [KO:K12494 ]
119848231 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
119858485 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
119846965 IQSEC2; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
119841840 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
119850839 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
119858349 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X5 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
dcc04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
dcc04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
dcc04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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