PATHWAY: dre00140 Help
Entry Name Steroid hormone biosynthesis - Danio rerio (zebrafish)
Description Steroid hormones derived from cholesterol are a class of biologically active compounds in vertebrates. The cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme CYP11A1 catalyzes conversion of cholesterol, a C27 compound, to the first C21 steroid, pregnenolone, which is converted by a bifunctional enzyme complex to the gestagen hormone, progesterone [MD:
M00107 ]. Pregnenolone and progesterone are the starting materials for the three groups of steroids: C21 steroids of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, C19 steroids of androgens, and C18 steroids of estrogens. (i) Progesterone is converted by hydroxylations at carbons 21 and 11 to corticosterone, which is further modified by hydroxylation and oxydoreduction at carbon 18 to yield aldosterone, a mineralcorticoid [MD:
M00108 ]. Cortisol, the main glucocorticoid, is formed from 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone with 11-deoxycortisol as an intermediate [MD:
M00109 ]. (ii) Male hormone testosterone is formed from pregnenolone by two pathways, delta5 pathway via dehydroepiandrosterone and delta4 pathway via androstenedione [MD:
M00110 ]. The enzyme CYP17A1 is responsible for the 17,20 lyase and 17alpha-hydroxylase activities in respective pathways. (iii) Female hormones estrone and estradiol are formed from testosterone and 4-androstene-3,17-dione by oxidative removal of the C19 methyl group and subsequent aromatization of ring A. In addition to these three groups, recent studies show that there is another group, termed neurosteroids, synthesized in the brain rather than the peripheral endocrine gland.
Class Metabolism; Lipid metabolismBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Module dre_M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:dre00140 ]
dre_M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:dre00140 ]
dre_M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:dre00140 ]
dre_M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:dre00140 ]
Other DBs Organism Danio rerio (zebrafish) [GN:
dre ]
Gene 777792 sult2st3; sulfotransferase family 2, cytosolic sulfotransferase 3 [KO:K01015 ] [EC:2.8.2.2 ]
777793 sult2st2; sulfotransferase family 2, cytosolic sulfotransferase 2 [KO:K01015 ] [EC:2.8.2.2 ]
338214 sult2st1; sulfotransferase family 2, cytosolic sulfotransferase 1 [KO:K01015 ] [EC:2.8.2.2 ]
393293 hsd11b1la; hydroxysteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase 1-like protein precursor [KO:K15680 ] [EC:1.1.1.146 ]
334098 hsd11b2; 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 [KO:K00071 ] [EC:1.1.1.-]
570913 ugt5g1; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide G1 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
767705 ugt2a5; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A5 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
767756 ugt5a2; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide A2 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
556049 ugt5g2; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide G2 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
322378 ugt5a3; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide A3 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
792506 ugt2b6; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B6 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
791613 ugt2a4; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A4 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
797211 ugt2a6; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A6 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
100384898 ugt2b3; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B3 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
641479 ugt5a1; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide A1 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
678597 ugt5b6; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide B6 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
558508 ugt1b1; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide B1 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
791210 ugt5b4; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 5 family, polypeptide B4 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
795261 ugt1b7; UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide B7 precursor [KO:K00699 ] [EC:2.4.1.17 ]
Compound C00674 5alpha-Androstane-3,17-dione
C01124 18-Hydroxycorticosterone
C01176 17alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone
C03681 5alpha-Pregnane-3,20-dione
C03747 11alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone
C03772 5beta-Androstane-3,17-dione
C03852 Androstan-3alpha,17beta-diol
C03935 6beta-Hydroxy-17beta-estradiol
C04042 20alpha-Hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one
C04518 17alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one
C04555 Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
C05138 17alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone
C05139 16alpha-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone
C05140 16alpha-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione
C05284 11beta-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione
C05290 19-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione
C05291 7alpha-Hydroxytestosterone
C05293 5beta-Dihydrotestosterone
C05296 7alpha-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione
C05297 19-Oxoandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione
C05302 2-Methoxy-17beta-estradiol
C05469 17alpha,21-Dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,11,20-trione
C05473 11beta,21-Dihydroxy-3,20-oxo-5beta-pregnan-18-al
C05474 3alpha,11beta,21-Trihydroxy-20-oxo-5beta-pregnan-18-al
C05475 11beta,21-Dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,20-dione
C05476 Tetrahydrocorticosterone
C05477 21-Hydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,11,20-trione
C05478 3alpha,21-Dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-11,20-dione
C05479 5beta-Pregnane-3,20-dione
C05483 3alpha,20alpha,21-Trihydroxy-5beta-pregnan-11-one
C05487 17alpha,21-Dihydroxypregnenolone
C05489 11beta,17alpha,21-Trihydroxypregnenolone
C05490 11-Dehydrocorticosterone
C05498 11beta-Hydroxyprogesterone
C05499 17alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxycholesterol
C05500 20alpha-Hydroxycholesterol
C05501 20alpha,22beta-Dihydroxycholesterol
C05502 22(R)-Hydroxycholesterol
C05503 Estradiol-17beta 3-glucuronide
C08357 Estradiol-17beta 3-sulfate
C08358 2-Methoxyestrone 3-sulfate
C08359 2-Methoxyestradiol-17beta 3-sulfate
C11131 2-Methoxy-estradiol-17beta 3-glucuronide
C11132 2-Methoxyestrone 3-glucuronide
C11134 Testosterone glucuronide
C11135 Androsterone glucuronide
C11136 Etiocholan-3alpha-ol-17-one 3-glucuronide
C13713 Allotetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone
C18038 7alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone
C18040 5alpha-Dihydrodeoxycorticosterone
C18041 5alpha-Pregnan-20alpha-ol-3-one
C18042 5alpha-Pregnane-3alpha,20alpha-diol
C18044 3beta-Hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one sulfate
C18045 7alpha-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone
C18075 11beta,17beta-Dihydroxy-4-androsten-3-one
C22831 5alpha-Pregnan-17alpha-ol-3,20-dione
C22832 5alpha-Pregnane-3alpha,17alpha-diol-20-one
Reference Authors Penning TM, Burczynski ME, Jez JM, Hung CF, Lin HK, Ma H, Moore M, Palackal N, Ratnam K
Title Human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms (AKR1C1-AKR1C4) of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: functional plasticity and tissue distribution reveals roles in the inactivation and formation of male and female sex hormones.
Journal Reference Authors Tomlinson JW, Stewart PM
Title Cortisol metabolism and the role of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Journal Reference Authors Higaki Y, Usami N, Shintani S, Ishikura S, El-Kabbani O, Hara A
Title Selective and potent inhibitors of human 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C1) that metabolizes neurosteroids derived from progesterone.
Journal Reference Authors Thomas JL, Duax WL, Addlagatta A, Brandt S, Fuller RR, Norris W
Title Structure/function relationships responsible for coenzyme specificity and the isomerase activity of human type 1 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase.
Journal Reference Authors Cavigelli SA, Monfort SL, Whitney TK, Mechref YS, Novotny M, McClintock MK
Title Frequent serial fecal corticoid measures from rats reflect circadian and ovarian corticosterone rhythms.
Journal Reference Authors Holmes MC, Seckl JR
Title The role of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the brain.
Journal Reference Authors Matsunaga T, Shintani S, Hara A
Title Multiplicity of mammalian reductases for xenobiotic carbonyl compounds.
Journal Reference Authors Morris DJ, Latif SA, Hardy MP, Brem AS
Title Endogenous inhibitors (GALFs) of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoforms 1 and 2: derivatives of adrenally produced corticosterone and cortisol.
Journal Reference Authors Sanai M, Endo S, Matsunaga T, Ishikura S, Tajima K, El-Kabbani O, Hara A
Title Rat NAD+-dependent 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C17): a member of the aldo-keto reductase family highly expressed in kidney cytosol.
Journal Reference Authors Ghayee HK, Auchus RJ
Title Basic concepts and recent developments in human steroid hormone biosynthesis.
Journal Related KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
