KEGG   PATHWAY: gvr04666
Entry
gvr04666                    Pathway                                
Name
Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis - Galeopterus variegatus (Sunda flying lemur)
Description
Phagocytosis plays an essential role in host-defense mechanisms through the uptake and destruction of infectious pathogens. Specialized cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes take part in this process in higher organisms. After opsonization with antibodies (IgG), foreign extracellular materials are recognized by Fc gamma receptors. Cross-linking of Fc gamma receptors initiates a variety of signals mediated by tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins, which lead through the actin cytoskeleton rearrangements and membrane remodeling to the formation of phagosomes. Nascent phagosomes undergo a process of maturation that involves fusion with lysosomes. The acquisition of lysosomal proteases and release of reactive oxygen species are crucial for digestion of engulfed materials in phagosomes.
Class
Organismal Systems; Immune system
Pathway map
gvr04666  Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis
gvr04666

Other DBs
GO: 0006909
Organism
Galeopterus variegatus (Sunda flying lemur) [GN:gvr]
Gene
103609769  uncharacterized protein LOC103609769 [KO:K06856]
103583500  putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]
103606671  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: uncharacterized protein LOC103606671 [KO:K06856]
103607357  uncharacterized protein LOC103607357 [KO:K06856]
103606901  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I-like [KO:K06498]
103582477  FCGR2A; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a [KO:K06472]
103581715  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-like [KO:K06463]
103607039  PTPRC; receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C [KO:K06478] [EC:3.1.3.48]
103594006  HCK; tyrosine-protein kinase HCK [KO:K08893] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103597005  tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn-like [KO:K05854] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103585244  SYK; tyrosine-protein kinase SYK [KO:K05855] [EC:2.7.10.2]
103586572  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103586784  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103587883  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
103585463  PIK3R3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
103593683  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
103608454  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
103596384  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103590279  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103598325  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103605698  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103595380  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103589982  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103606318  PLCG1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K01116] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103591521  PLCG2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 [KO:K05859] [EC:3.1.4.11]
103598537  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103592021  PRKCE; protein kinase C epsilon type [KO:K18050] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103590618  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103596129  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
103592192  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103600324  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
103602980  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
103603004  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
103603245  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
103603252  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
103592768  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
103585813  PLA2G6; 85/88 kDa calcium-independent phospholipase A2 isoform X1 [KO:K16343] [EC:3.1.1.4]
103594941  MARCKSL1; MARCKS-related protein [KO:K13536]
103588418  PLD2; phospholipase D2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
103609225  phospholipase D1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
103603561  PPAP2B; lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
103590789  PPAP2A; lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
103600231  PPAP2C; lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 2 [KO:K01080] [EC:3.1.3.4]
103605508  SPHK1; sphingosine kinase 1 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
103587741  sphingosine kinase 2-like [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
103587745  sphingosine kinase 2 [KO:K04718] [EC:2.7.1.91]
103599847  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103592574  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103583388  protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103599669  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
103588950  NCF1; neutrophil cytosol factor 1 [KO:K08011]
103588398  SCIN; adseverin isoform X1 [KO:K05768]
103591006  GSN; gelsolin isoform X1 [KO:K05768]
103597255  VAV3; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV3 [KO:K05730]
103599527  VAV1; proto-oncogene vav [KO:K05730]
103607777  VAV2; guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 [KO:K05730]
103598977  cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393]
103589453  WAS; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein [KO:K05747]
103594528  VASP; vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein [KO:K06274]
103601754  ACTR2; actin-related protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17260]
103594572  actin-related protein 3B isoform X1 [KO:K18584]
103597840  ACTR3; actin-related protein 3 [KO:K18584]
103602067  ARPC1A; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A [KO:K05757]
103602068  ARPC1B; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B isoform X1 [KO:K05757]
103588903  ARPC2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [KO:K05758]
103588681  ARPC3; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 [KO:K05756]
103594278  ARPC4; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755]
103595276  ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754]
103583591  actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754]
103586641  ARPC5; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 [KO:K05754]
103594082  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392]
103606391  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 [KO:K07860]
103589521  WASF1; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 1 [KO:K05753]
103601959  WASF2; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 2 [KO:K05748]
103597099  WASF3; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3 [KO:K06083]
103600263  serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 [KO:K04409] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103597746  LIMK1; LIM domain kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05743] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103605064  LIMK2; LIM domain kinase 2 [KO:K05744] [EC:2.7.11.1]
103591327  CFL2; cofilin-2 [KO:K05765]
103599224  CFL1; cofilin-1 [KO:K05765]
103596896  PIP5K1B; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 beta isoform X1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103598843  PIP5K1C; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103600026  PIP5K1A; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 alpha [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
103608661  ARF6; ADP-ribosylation factor 6 [KO:K07941]
103592708  CRKL; crk-like protein [KO:K04438]
103608491  CRK; adapter molecule crk isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
103603031  ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12488]
103590623  ASAP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488]
103604738  ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12488]
103598056  INPP5D; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 [KO:K03084] [EC:3.1.3.86]
103585872  INPPL1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2 [KO:K15909] [EC:3.1.3.86]
103585188  GAB2; GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08091]
103595586  LAT; linker for activation of T-cells family member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07362]
103581335  DNM2; dynamin-2 [KO:K23484] [EC:3.6.5.5]
103608699  amphiphysin [KO:K12562]
103581993  BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 [KO:K12562]
103582563  myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1-like [KO:K12562]
103596089  MYO10; unconventional myosin-X [KO:K12559]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00416  Phosphatidate
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C06124  Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Reference
PMID:12488490
  Authors
Garcia-Garcia E, Rosales C
  Title
Signal transduction during Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis.
  Journal
J Leukoc Biol 72:1092-108 (2002)
DOI:10.1189/jlb.72.6.1092
Reference
PMID:11708889
  Authors
Cox D, Greenberg S
  Title
Phagocytic signaling strategies: Fc(gamma)receptor-mediated phagocytosis as a model system.
  Journal
Semin Immunol 13:339-45 (2001)
DOI:10.1006/smim.2001.0330
Reference
PMID:15466916
  Authors
Swanson JA, Hoppe AD
  Title
The coordination of signaling during Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis.
  Journal
J Leukoc Biol 76:1093-103 (2004)
DOI:10.1189/jlb.0804439
Reference
PMID:11244038
  Authors
Ravetch JV, Bolland S
  Title
IgG Fc receptors.
  Journal
Annu Rev Immunol 19:275-90 (2001)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.immunol.19.1.275
Reference
PMID:18322649
  Authors
Groves E, Dart AE, Covarelli V, Caron E
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of phagocytic uptake in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:1957-76 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-7578-4
Reference
PMID:10376013
  Authors
Kwiatkowska K, Sobota A
  Title
Signaling pathways in phagocytosis.
  Journal
Bioessays 21:422-31 (1999)
DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(199905)21:5<422::AID-BIES9>3.0.CO;2-#
Reference
PMID:10577498
  Authors
Greenberg S
  Title
Modular components of phagocytosis.
  Journal
J Leukoc Biol 66:712-7 (1999)
DOI:10.1002/jlb.66.5.712
Reference
PMID:10224668
  Authors
Lennartz MR
  Title
Phospholipases and phagocytosis: the role of phospholipid-derived second messengers in phagocytosis.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 31:415-30 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S1357-2725(98)00108-3
Reference
PMID:11228151
  Authors
May RC, Machesky LM
  Title
Phagocytosis and the actin cytoskeleton.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 114:1061-77 (2001)
Reference
PMID:17050193
  Authors
Joshi T, Butchar JP, Tridandapani S
  Title
Fcgamma receptor signaling in phagocytes.
  Journal
Int J Hematol 84:210-6 (2006)
DOI:10.1532/IJH97.06140
Reference
PMID:17308335
  Authors
Lee WL, Cosio G, Ireton K, Grinstein S
  Title
Role of CrkII in Fcgamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:11135-43 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M700823200
Reference
PMID:11304556
  Authors
Uchida H, Kondo A, Yoshimura Y, Mazaki Y, Sabe H
  Title
PAG3/Papalpha/KIAA0400, a GTPase-activating protein for ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF), regulates ARF6 in Fcgamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis of macrophages.
  Journal
J Exp Med 193:955-66 (2001)
DOI:10.1084/jem.193.8.955
Reference
PMID:15485887
  Authors
Ganesan LP, Wei G, Pengal RA, Moldovan L, Moldovan N, Ostrowski MC, Tridandapani S
  Title
The serine/threonine kinase Akt Promotes Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis in murine macrophages through the activation of p70S6 kinase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:54416-25 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M408188200
Reference
PMID:9545263
  Authors
Melendez A, Floto RA, Gillooly DJ, Harnett MM, Allen JM
  Title
FcgammaRI coupling to phospholipase D initiates sphingosine kinase-mediated calcium mobilization and vesicular trafficking.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:9393-402 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.16.9393
Reference
PMID:12821647
  Authors
Gu H, Botelho RJ, Yu M, Grinstein S, Neel BG
  Title
Critical role for scaffolding adapter Gab2 in Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis.
  Journal
J Cell Biol 161:1151-61 (2003)
DOI:10.1083/jcb.200212158
Reference
PMID:9417101
  Authors
Dana R, Leto TL, Malech HL, Levy R
  Title
Essential requirement of cytosolic phospholipase A2 for activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:441-5 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.1.441
Reference
PMID:10601359
  Authors
Gold ES, Underhill DM, Morrissette NS, Guo J, McNiven MA, Aderem A
  Title
Dynamin 2 is required for phagocytosis in macrophages.
  Journal
J Exp Med 190:1849-56 (1999)
DOI:10.1084/jem.190.12.1849
Reference
PMID:10755615
  Authors
Gold ES, Morrissette NS, Underhill DM, Guo J, Bassetti M, Aderem A
  Title
Amphiphysin IIm, a novel amphiphysin II isoform, is required for macrophage phagocytosis.
  Journal
Immunity 12:285-92 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80181-8
Reference
PMID:10586078
  Authors
Raeder EM, Mansfield PJ, Hinkovska-Galcheva V, Shayman JA, Boxer LA
  Title
Syk activation initiates downstream signaling events during human polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis.
  Journal
J Immunol 163:6785-93 (1999)
Reference
PMID:9581795
  Authors
Sanchez-Mejorada G, Rosales C
  Title
Signal transduction by immunoglobulin Fc receptors.
  Journal
J Leukoc Biol 63:521-33 (1998)
DOI:10.1002/jlb.63.5.521
Reference
  Authors
Rosales C (ed).
  Title
Molecular Mechanisms of Phagocytosis
  Journal
Springer (2005)
Related
pathway
gvr04020  Calcium signaling pathway
gvr04142  Lysosome
gvr04144  Endocytosis
gvr04810  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
ko04666   
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