Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Mauremys reevesii (Reeves's turtle)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Mauremys reevesii (Reeves's turtle) [GN:
mrv ]
Gene
120408323 ZFYVE16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
120369880 ZFYVE9; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04679 ]
120408025 SMAD2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04500 ]
120373294 SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform X1 [KO:K23605 ]
120394495 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1-like [KO:K12470 ]
120400488 SH3KBP1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
120375215 BIN1; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
120370325 EPS15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
120391600 EPS15L1; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
120389224 LDLRAP1; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
120400768 low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
120388775 WASL; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein isoform X1 [KO:K23612 ]
120398033 ACTR3B; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin-related protein 3B [KO:K18584 ]
120374686 ARPC2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05758 ]
120386825 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
120392087 WIPF2; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
120370922 DNAJC6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X1 [KO:K09526 ]
120404497 CAPZA1; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K10364 ]
120387699 CAPZB; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K10365 ]
120386176 VPS29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
120386425 vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29-like isoform X1 [KO:K18467 ]
120375630 VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B isoform X1 [KO:K18466 ]
120369201 VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
120384599 VPS35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
120384077 HGS; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate isoform X1 [KO:K12182 ]
120374818 STAM2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04705 ]
120403821 TSG101; tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein isoform X1 [KO:K12183 ]
120397092 VPS28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
120403766 VPS37C; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
120386227 VPS37B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37B [KO:K12185 ]
120387601 VPS37D; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D isoform X1 [KO:K12185 ]
120406013 VPS37A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
120373482 VPS36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 isoform X1 [KO:K12190 ]
120392009 VPS25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 isoform X1 [KO:K12189 ]
120399336 CHMP7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 isoform X1 [KO:K15053 ]
120384841 VPS4A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
120399026 VPS4B; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
120400724 VTA1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K12199 ]
120384554 CHMP1A; charged multivesicular body protein 1a isoform X1 [KO:K12197 ]
120398762 CHMP5; charged multivesicular body protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12198 ]
120397610 programmed cell death 6-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K12200 ]
120400859 IGF2R; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor isoform X1 [KO:K06564 ]
120372096 IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K05070 ]
120393307 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
120394812 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120383803 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120393297 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120393790 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
120393792 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
120406095 major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein-like [KO:K06751 ]
120408015 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
120393300 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120393298 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120393308 major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein-like isoform X1 [KO:K06751 ]
120394814 H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120394831 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120395132 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120406094 major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein-like [KO:K06751 ]
120408016 class I histocompatibility antigen, F10 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751 ]
120393804 major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein-like [KO:K06751 ]
120394819 major histocompatibility complex class I-related gene protein-like [KO:K06751 ]
120387166 RABEP1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12480 ]
120370965 RUFY1; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
120368716 RUFY2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12482 ]
120390220 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
120406050 RAB11FIP5; rab11 family-interacting protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
120398362 RAB11FIP1; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
120369234 RAB11FIP2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
120383405 RAB11FIP4; rab11 family-interacting protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
120373275 RAB11FIP3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12485 ]
120384224 PARD6A; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha isoform X1 [KO:K06093 ]
120387901 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
120389118 SMAP2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
120400916 SMAP1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12486 ]
120401772 ASAP2; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
120397585 ASAP1; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
120389160 ASAP3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12488 ]
120380840 arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
120371305 ACAP2; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
120387881 ACAP3; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
120381511 ACAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
120391553 ARAP1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18439 ]
120406772 ARAP2; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18440 ]
120369968 ARAP3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12490 ]
120374425 AGAP1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
120397573 AGAP3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
120391298 AGAP2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17848 ]
120380966 ARFGAP1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12492 ]
120403275 ARFGAP2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 [KO:K12493 ]
120406941 ARFGAP3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12493 ]
120370456 PSD2; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
120407670 PSD3; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
120399311 PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
120388495 IQSEC2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K12495 ]
120409485 IQSEC3; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
120409531 IQSEC1; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12495 ]
120397845 ARFGEF1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 [KO:K18442 ]
120380659 ARFGEF2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 [KO:K18442 ]
120409326 GBF1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
mrv04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
mrv04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
mrv04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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