Entry Name Long-term potentiation - Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee)
Description Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy, is the molecular basis for learning and memory. Tetanic stimulation of afferents in the CA1 region of the hippocampus induces glutamate release and activation of glutamate receptors in dendritic spines. A large increase in [Ca2+]i resulting from influx through NMDA receptors leads to constitutive activation of CaM kinase II (CaM KII) . Constitutively active CaM kinase II phosphorylates AMPA receptors, resulting in potentiation of the ionic conductance of AMPA receptors. Early-phase LTP (E-LTP) expression is due, in part, to this phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor. It is hypothesized that postsynaptic Ca2+ increases generated through NMDA receptors activate several signal transduction pathways including the Erk/MAP kinase and cAMP regulatory pathways. The convergence of these pathways at the level of the CREB/CRE transcriptional pathway may increase expression of a family of genes required for late-phase LTP (L-LTP).
Class Organismal Systems; Nervous systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) [GN:
ptr ]
Gene 450898 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X4 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
451290 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
451472 GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604 ]
453330 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
453534 CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X2 [KO:K02183 ]
454396 GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X2 [KO:K05209 ]
454868 GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211 ]
456180 GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212 ]
458093 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X5 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
459118 PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
460134 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958 ]
460182 RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366 ] [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
461445 CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X3 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
461570 GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05198 ]
462189 CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
462618 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
462795 PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
463049 GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603 ]
465176 GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
466915 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
467198 RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X4 [KO:K08014 ]
469367 PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X6 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
469875 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
472962 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04634 ]
473373 GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B isoform X1 [KO:K05210 ]
473389 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X2 [KO:K04959 ]
738167 CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
738330 CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma isoform X4 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
742406 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X4 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
743250 CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183 ]
744513 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04374 ]
745709 PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
747187 PPP1R1A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1A [KO:K08050 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Blitzer RD, Iyengar R, Landau EM.
Title Postsynaptic signaling networks: cellular cogwheels underlying long-term plasticity.
Journal Reference Authors Soderling TR, Derkach VA.
Title Postsynaptic protein phosphorylation and LTP.
Journal Reference Authors Poser S, Storm DR.
Title Role of Ca2+-stimulated adenylyl cyclases in LTP and memory formation.
Journal Reference Authors Xia Z, Storm DR.
Title The role of calmodulin as a signal integrator for synaptic plasticity.
Journal Reference Authors Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
Title Neuroscience
Journal Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference Authors Lynch MA.
Title Long-term potentiation and memory.
Journal Reference Authors Kelly PT, Mackinnon RL 2nd, Dietz RV, Maher BJ, Wang J.
Title Postsynaptic IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release modulates synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons.
Journal Reference Authors Berridge MJ.
Title Neuronal calcium signaling.
Journal Related KO pathway
