KEGG   PATHWAY: zof00260
Entry
zof00260                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism - Zingiber officinale (ginger)
Description
Serine is derived from 3-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate of glycolysis [MD:M00020], and glycine is derived from serine. Threonine is an essential amino acid, which animals cannot synthesize. In bacteria and plants, threonine is derived from aspartate [MD:M00018].
Class
Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism
Pathway map
zof00260  Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
zof00260

Module
zof_M00018  Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:zof00260]
zof_M00020  Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:zof00260]
zof_M00555  Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:zof00260]
zof_M00621  Glycine cleavage system [PATH:zof00260]
Other DBs
GO: 0006544 0006563 0070178 0006566
Organism
Zingiber officinale (ginger) [GN:zof]
Gene
122051362  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
122036037  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
122053324  aspartokinase 2, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
122055730  aspartokinase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00928] [EC:2.7.2.4]
122018929  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
122022639  bifunctional aspartokinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K12524] [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3]
122020492  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
122024274  aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase-like [KO:K00133] [EC:1.2.1.11]
122043209  homoserine kinase-like [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
122019085  homoserine kinase-like [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
122019911  homoserine kinase-like [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
122023926  homoserine kinase-like [KO:K00872] [EC:2.7.1.39]
122028879  threonine synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
121979250  threonine synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
121983900  threonine synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
121970458  threonine synthase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01733] [EC:4.2.3.1]
122056337  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
122025036  probable low-specificity L-threonine aldolase 1 [KO:K01620] [EC:4.1.2.48]
122041691  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122017206  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
121975286  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122006394  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122045678  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122046214  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 7-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122008205  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122051455  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122020629  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122052075  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
121970204  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
121983826  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122036990  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122002140  serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122055988  serine hydroxymethyltransferase 4-like [KO:K00600] [EC:2.1.2.1]
122017250  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
121981532  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase-like [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
122012417  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
122038099  serine--glyoxylate aminotransferase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00830] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.45 2.6.1.51]
121967144  glycerate dehydrogenase isoform X1 [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
122052337  glycerate dehydrogenase HPR, peroxisomal-like [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
122020961  glycerate dehydrogenase HPR, peroxisomal-like [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
122024876  glycerate dehydrogenase HPR, peroxisomal-like [KO:K15893] [EC:1.1.1.29]
122042582  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3-like [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
122042585  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3-like [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
122047095  glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase HPR3-like [KO:K15919] [EC:1.1.1.79 1.1.1.81]
122041517  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
121990246  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
122046029  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
121994055  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
121997572  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
122036922  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase 1-like [KO:K01834] [EC:5.4.2.11]
122005150  phosphoglycerate mutase-like protein 4 [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
122000857  phosphoglycerate mutase-like protein 4 [KO:K15634] [EC:5.4.2.11]
121974322  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase-like [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
121967785  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
121969204  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
122037625  2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase-like [KO:K15633] [EC:5.4.2.12]
122025925  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
121967426  D-glycerate 3-kinase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K15918] [EC:2.7.1.31]
121975848  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
122006456  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
122032076  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
121982148  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
122034445  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
121970753  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 3, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
122053201  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
122038156  D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00058] [EC:1.1.1.95 1.1.1.399]
122027324  phosphoserine aminotransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
122029714  phosphoserine aminotransferase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00831] [EC:2.6.1.52]
121979366  phosphoserine phosphatase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
121986459  phosphoserine phosphatase, chloroplastic [KO:K01079] [EC:3.1.3.3]
122018916  copper methylamine oxidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122026437  copper methylamine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122005554  primary amine oxidase 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122028883  copper methylamine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122046110  primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122032765  copper methylamine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122033521  copper methylamine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
121967587  primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
121984386  primary amine oxidase 1-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122014513  primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122022611  copper methylamine oxidase-like isoform X1 [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122038341  primary amine oxidase-like [KO:K00276] [EC:1.4.3.21]
122041709  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial-like [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
122046232  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
122012119  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial-like [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
122015032  glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), mitochondrial-like [KO:K00281] [EC:1.4.4.2]
121974622  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
121969493  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
121997424  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
121988544  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
122003017  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
122007271  aminomethyltransferase, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00605] [EC:2.1.2.10]
122031834  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
122009962  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
121982037  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
122034484  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
122015401  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
121985907  dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00382] [EC:1.8.1.4]
122056121  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
122042733  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
122047014  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
121979189  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
122047248  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
122051597  glycine cleavage system H protein, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
121968645  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
121983838  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
121970509  glycine cleavage system H protein 2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02437]
122003836  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
121976664  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
121977134  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
121999202  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
122036339  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
121970960  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
122000248  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
122021432  alanine--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 homolog 3, mitochondrial-like [KO:K00827] [EC:2.6.1.44 2.6.1.40]
122006353  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
122002097  glutamate--glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 [KO:K14272] [EC:2.6.1.4 2.6.1.2 2.6.1.44]
121967714  choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
122052958  choline monooxygenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00499] [EC:1.14.15.7]
121992682  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
121996642  betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00130] [EC:1.2.1.8]
122041536  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1-like [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
121988679  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1-like [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
122046049  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1-like [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
121997609  aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1-like [KO:K14085] [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3]
121981608  probable sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
122038108  probable sarcosine oxidase [KO:K00306] [EC:1.5.3.1 1.5.3.7]
121975572  threonine dehydratase 1 biosynthetic, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
122005849  threonine dehydratase 1 biosynthetic, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
121970498  threonine dehydratase 1 biosynthetic, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
122001549  threonine dehydratase 1 biosynthetic, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01754] [EC:4.3.1.19]
121977538  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
121995231  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122049089  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122049423  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
121968085  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
121982781  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122020351  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122013967  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122021092  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122000571  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122001899  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
121986605  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122024900  serine racemase-like [KO:K12235] [EC:5.1.1.18]
122006332  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122008459  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like isoform X1 [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122011506  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122011507  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122002076  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122015646  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122015789  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122016566  tryptophan synthase alpha chain-like [KO:K01695] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122027669  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122030003  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122037841  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1 [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122037842  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122053241  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
122053243  tryptophan synthase beta chain 1-like [KO:K01696] [EC:4.2.1.20]
121976704  tryptophan synthase beta chain 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K06001] [EC:4.2.1.20]
121970920  tryptophan synthase beta chain 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K06001] [EC:4.2.1.20]
Compound
C00011  CO2
C00014  Ammonia
C00022  Pyruvate
C00037  Glycine
C00048  Glyoxylate
C00049  L-Aspartate
C00065  L-Serine
C00078  L-Tryptophan
C00097  L-Cysteine
C00101  Tetrahydrofolate
C00109  2-Oxobutanoate
C00114  Choline
C00143  5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate
C00168  Hydroxypyruvate
C00188  L-Threonine
C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00213  Sarcosine
C00258  D-Glycerate
C00263  L-Homoserine
C00300  Creatine
C00430  5-Aminolevulinate
C00441  L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
C00546  Methylglyoxal
C00576  Betaine aldehyde
C00581  Guanidinoacetate
C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
C00719  Betaine
C00740  D-Serine
C00986  1,3-Diaminopropane
C01005  O-Phospho-L-serine
C01026  N,N-Dimethylglycine
C01102  O-Phospho-L-homoserine
C01242  [Protein]-S8-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine
C01888  Aminoacetone
C02051  Lipoylprotein
C02291  L-Cystathionine
C02737  Phosphatidylserine
C02972  Dihydrolipoylprotein
C03082  4-Phospho-L-aspartate
C03194  (R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol
C03232  3-Phosphonooxypyruvate
C03283  L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate
C03508  L-2-Amino-3-oxobutanoic acid
C05519  L-Allothreonine
C06231  Ectoine
C06442  N(gamma)-Acetyldiaminobutyrate
C16432  5-Hydroxyectoine
C19929  N(alpha)-Acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate
Reference
  Authors
Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  Title
[Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  Journal
Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
Reference
  Authors
Kuhlmann AU, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically regulated synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in Bacillus pasteurii and related Bacillus spp.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 68:772-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.68.2.772-783.2002
Reference
  Authors
Canovas D, Borges N, Vargas C, Ventosa A, Nieto JJ, Santos H.
  Title
Role of Ngamma-acetyldiaminobutyrate as an enzyme stabilizer and an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydroxyectoine.
  Journal
Appl Environ Microbiol 65:3774-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3774-3779.1999
Reference
  Authors
Bursy J, Pierik AJ, Pica N, Bremer E.
  Title
Osmotically induced synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine is mediated by an evolutionarily conserved ectoine hydroxylase.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 282:31147-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M704023200
Reference
  Authors
Garcia-Estepa R, Argandona M, Reina-Bueno M, Capote N, Iglesias-Guerra F, Nieto JJ, Vargas C.
  Title
The ectD gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the compatible solute hydroxyectoine, is essential for thermoprotection of the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:3774-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.00136-06
Reference
  Authors
Arevalo-Rodriguez M, Pan X, Boeke JD, Heitman J
  Title
FKBP12 controls aspartate pathway flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to prevent toxic intermediate accumulation.
  Journal
Eukaryot Cell 3:1287-96 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/EC.3.5.1287-1296.2004
Reference
PMID:7639721
  Authors
Rees WD, Hay SM
  Title
The biosynthesis of threonine by mammalian cells: expression of a complete bacterial biosynthetic pathway in an animal cell.
  Journal
Biochem J 309 ( Pt 3):999-1007 (1995)
DOI:10.1042/bj3090999
Reference
  Authors
Jacques SL, Nieman C, Bareich D, Broadhead G, Kinach R, Honek JF, Wright GD
  Title
Characterization of yeast homoserine dehydrogenase, an antifungal target: the invariant histidine 309 is important for enzyme integrity.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:28-41 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0167-4838(00)00203-X
Reference
  Authors
Chen X, Jhee KH, Kruger WD
  Title
Production of the neuromodulator H2S by cystathionine beta-synthase via the condensation of cysteine and homocysteine.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:52082-6 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.C400481200
Related
pathway
zof00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
zof00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
zof00230  Purine metabolism
zof00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
zof00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
zof00290  Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis
zof00300  Lysine biosynthesis
zof00330  Arginine and proline metabolism
zof00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
zof00470  D-Amino acid metabolism
zof00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
zof00600  Sphingolipid metabolism
zof00620  Pyruvate metabolism
zof00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
zof00640  Propanoate metabolism
zof00860  Porphyrin metabolism
zof00920  Sulfur metabolism
KO pathway
ko00260   
LinkDB

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