Entry Name Long-term potentiation - Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey)
Description Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy, is the molecular basis for learning and memory. Tetanic stimulation of afferents in the CA1 region of the hippocampus induces glutamate release and activation of glutamate receptors in dendritic spines. A large increase in [Ca2+]i resulting from influx through NMDA receptors leads to constitutive activation of CaM kinase II (CaM KII) . Constitutively active CaM kinase II phosphorylates AMPA receptors, resulting in potentiation of the ionic conductance of AMPA receptors. Early-phase LTP (E-LTP) expression is due, in part, to this phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor. It is hypothesized that postsynaptic Ca2+ increases generated through NMDA receptors activate several signal transduction pathways including the Erk/MAP kinase and cAMP regulatory pathways. The convergence of these pathways at the level of the CREB/CRE transcriptional pathway may increase expression of a family of genes required for late-phase LTP (L-LTP).
Class Organismal Systems; Nervous systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Other DBs Organism Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) [GN:
mcc ]
Gene 574344 GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K05198 ]
718632 PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345 ] [EC:2.7.11.11 ]
574202 PPP1R1A; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1A [KO:K08050 ]
703302 PPP1CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
709935 PPP1CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
721735 PPP1CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
705980 CAMK2G; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
702504 CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta isoform X2 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
706977 CAMK2B; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform X11 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
710540 CAMK2A; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
703967 RAPGEF3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 isoform X2 [KO:K08014 ]
693750 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein Rap-1b [KO:K07836 ]
706955 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X7 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
708233 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
709773 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
574380 GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
100429880 GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209 ]
698571 GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B isoform X1 [KO:K05210 ]
699216 GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211 ]
717945 GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212 ]
721721 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X13 [KO:K04850 ]
703514 CALML6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183 ]
693753 CALML4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183 ]
703965 ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
721821 MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
703669 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
708714 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959 ]
718040 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
698736 GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 precursor [KO:K04603 ]
705445 GRM5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 isoform X1 [KO:K04604 ]
705680 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
701951 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
718418 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X3 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
718387 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
717764 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Blitzer RD, Iyengar R, Landau EM.
Title Postsynaptic signaling networks: cellular cogwheels underlying long-term plasticity.
Journal Reference Authors Soderling TR, Derkach VA.
Title Postsynaptic protein phosphorylation and LTP.
Journal Reference Authors Poser S, Storm DR.
Title Role of Ca2+-stimulated adenylyl cyclases in LTP and memory formation.
Journal Reference Authors Xia Z, Storm DR.
Title The role of calmodulin as a signal integrator for synaptic plasticity.
Journal Reference Authors Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
Title Neuroscience
Journal Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference Authors Lynch MA.
Title Long-term potentiation and memory.
Journal Reference Authors Kelly PT, Mackinnon RL 2nd, Dietz RV, Maher BJ, Wang J.
Title Postsynaptic IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release modulates synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons.
Journal Reference Authors Berridge MJ.
Title Neuronal calcium signaling.
Journal Related KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
