KEGG   PATHWAY: xtr04150
Entry
xtr04150                    Pathway                                
Name
mTOR signaling pathway - Xenopus tropicalis (tropical clawed frog)
Description
The mammalian (mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, which exists in two complexes termed mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2). mTORC1 contains mTOR, Raptor, PRAS40, Deptor, mLST8, Tel2 and Tti1. mTORC1 is activated by the presence of growth factors, amino acids, energy status, stress and oxygen levels to regulate several biological processes, including lipid metabolism, autophagy, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. On the other hand, mTORC2, which consists of mTOR, mSin1, Rictor, Protor, Deptor, mLST8, Tel2 and Tti1, responds to growth factors and controls cytoskeletal organization, metabolism and survival.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
xtr04150  mTOR signaling pathway
xtr04150

Organism
Xenopus tropicalis (tropical clawed frog) [GN:xtr]
Gene
100101781  slc7a5; large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1 [KO:K13780]
493209  slc3a2; 4F2 cell-surface antigen heavy chain [KO:K06519]
496801  slc38a9; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 9 [KO:K14995]
493238  atp6v1a; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
394868  atp6v1al; V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A [KO:K02145] [EC:7.1.2.2]
779628  atp6v1b2; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, brain isoform [KO:K02147]
100135740  atp6v1b1; V-type proton ATPase subunit B, kidney isoform [KO:K02147]
394779  atp6v1c1; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148]
100485790  atp6v1c2; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 2 [KO:K02148]
549829  atp6v1d; V-type proton ATPase subunit D [KO:K02149]
394728  atp6v1e1; V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 [KO:K02150]
448314  atp6v1f; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151]
448533  atp6v1g1; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 [KO:K02152]
100125150  atp6v1g3; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152]
780301  atp6v1g2; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 2 [KO:K02152]
548936  atp6v1h; V-type proton ATPase subunit H [KO:K02144]
394922  lamtor1; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR1 [KO:K20397]
448570  lamtor2; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR2 [KO:K20398]
100216113  lamtor3-like; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR3 [KO:K04370]
100135410  lamtor4; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR4 [KO:K20399]
100135168  lamtor5; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR5 [KO:K16344]
496819  flcn; folliculin [KO:K09594]
100487500  fnip1; folliculin-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K20400]
100493386  fnip2; folliculin-interacting protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K20401]
448744  rraga; Ras-related GTP binding A [KO:K16185]
549589  rragc; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
780358  rragd; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
733499  sesn2; sestrin-2 [KO:K20394]
100125101  castor1; GATS-like protein 3 [KO:K23080]
496428  castor2; cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 2 [KO:K23081]
100145742  mios; GATOR complex protein MIOS [KO:K20407]
496570  seh1l; nucleoporin SEH1 [KO:K14299]
100216081  wdr24; WD repeat-containing protein 24 [KO:K20408]
100493427  wdr59; GATOR complex protein WDR59 isoform X1 [KO:K20409]
394564  sec13; protein SEC13 homolog [KO:K14004]
100498286  depdc5; GATOR complex protein DEPDC5 isoform X3 [KO:K20404]
448769  nprl2; nitrogen permease regulator 2-like protein [KO:K20405]
100124838  nprl3; nitrogen permease regulator 3-like protein [KO:K20406]
100216169  skp2; S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 [KO:K03875]
100486837  rnf152; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF152 [KO:K15705] [EC:2.3.2.27]
100170605  rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
496515  akt1s1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
100491970  mtor; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100493830  deptor; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
100216136  deptorl; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402]
496930  mlst8; target of rapamycin complex subunit lst8 [KO:K08266]
780338  telo2; telomere length regulation protein TEL2 homolog [KO:K11137]
100124746  tti1; TELO2-interacting protein 1 homolog [KO:K20403]
100124823  clip1; CAP-Gly domain-containing linker protein 1 [KO:K10421]
100151701  grb10; growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 [KO:K20064]
779950  lpin1; phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN1 [KO:K15728] [EC:3.1.3.4]
779972  lpin2; phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN2 [KO:K15728] [EC:3.1.3.4]
100495572  lpin3; phosphatidate phosphatase LPIN3 isoform X2 [KO:K15728] [EC:3.1.3.4]
100127200  ulk1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100487396  ulk2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
448677  eif4e2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 [KO:K03259]
548663  eif4e; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E [KO:K03259]
548830  eif4e2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family member 2 [KO:K03259]
100127761  eif4e1b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 1B isoform X1 [KO:K03259]
394938  rps6kb1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
448618  eif4b; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B [KO:K03258]
394757  rps6; 40S ribosomal protein S6 [KO:K02991]
493513  strada; STE20-related kinase adapter protein alpha [KO:K08271]
100495317  stradb; STE20-related kinase adapter protein beta [KO:K17532]
549287  stk11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
549934  cab39l; calcium-binding protein 39-like [KO:K08272]
100486569  cab39; calcium-binding protein 39 isoform X2 [KO:K08272]
100145520  prkaa1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100216099  prkaa2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100380126  tsc1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
100170546  tsc2; tuberin [KO:K07207]
549086  tbc1d7; TBC1 domain family member 7 [KO:K20396]
548676  rheb; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
394782  ddit4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
100491444  wnt1; proto-oncogene Wnt-1 isoform X1 [KO:K03209]
100491761  wnt2b; protein Wnt-2b [KO:K00182]
100038261  wnt2; protein Wnt-2 [KO:K00182]
100125198  wnt3; proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
100488632  wnt3a; protein Wnt-3a [KO:K00312]
100487954  proto-oncogene Wnt-3 [KO:K00312]
100491282  wnt4; protein Wnt-4 precursor [KO:K00408]
448452  wnt5b; protein Wnt-5b precursor [KO:K00444]
101734372  wnt5a; protein Wnt-5a isoform X1 [KO:K00444]
101733784  wnt6; protein Wnt-6 [KO:K00445]
100145124  wnt7b; protein Wnt-7b [KO:K00572]
100490426  wnt7c; protein Wnt-7b [KO:K00572]
105947033  wnt7a; protein Wnt-7a [KO:K00572]
549962  wnt8a; protein Wnt-8a precursor [KO:K00714]
100496786  wnt8b; protein Wnt-8b isoform X1 [KO:K00714]
100125200  wnt9b; protein Wnt-9b precursor [KO:K01064]
101734951  wnt9a; protein Wnt-9a isoform X1 [KO:K01064]
780228  wnt10b; protein Wnt-10b precursor [KO:K01357]
100485724  wnt10a; protein Wnt-10a [KO:K01357]
493495  wnt11; protein Wnt-11b-1 precursor [KO:K01384]
549489  wnt11b; protein Wnt-11b-2 precursor [KO:K01384]
100158655  wnt11; protein Wnt-11 precursor [KO:K01384]
100125197  wnt16; protein Wnt-16 precursor [KO:K01558]
549495  fzd7; frizzled-7 precursor [KO:K02432]
100145232  fzd1; frizzled-1 precursor [KO:K02432]
493345  fzd2; frizzled-2 precursor [KO:K02235]
100038082  fzd3; frizzled-3 precursor [KO:K02329]
100497693  fzd4; frizzled-4 [KO:K02354]
100038274  fzd8; frizzled-8 precursor [KO:K02375]
100488110  fzd5; frizzled-5 [KO:K02375]
100490861  fzd6; frizzled-6 precursor [KO:K02376]
448162  fzd10; frizzled-10 precursor [KO:K02842]
100487936  fzd9; frizzled-9 [KO:K02842]
100489328  lrp6; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 [KO:K03068]
100491803  lrp5; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03068]
100144702  dvl3; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 [KO:K02353]
100144639  dvl1; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 [KO:K02353]
780117  dvl2; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353]
100489648  gsk3b; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
100134991  tnf; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
100144930  tnfrsf1a; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A precursor [KO:K03158]
448125  ikbkb; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100101718  ins; insulin precursor [KO:K04526]
100486334  igf1; insulin-like growth factor I [KO:K05459]
100492718  insr; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100329112  igf1r; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
493492  grb2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
100489960  sos1; son of sevenless homolog 1 [KO:K03099]
100497015  sos2; son of sevenless homolog 2 [KO:K03099]
549757  hras; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
493396  kras; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog [KO:K07827]
100485959  krasl; GTPase KRas isoform X2 [KO:K07827]
549517  nras; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
779570  braf; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
549871  raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
493420  map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
549881  mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100144704  rps6ka1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100488417  rps6ka6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100495717  rps6ka2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100496161  rps6ka3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100495320  irs1; insulin receptor substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16172]
394823  irs2; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
549983  pik3r3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
100486835  pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
100497001  pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
780390  pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100144924  pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100144716  pten; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
779524  pdpk1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100144709  akt2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100490038  akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
549654  chuk; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
100101680  mapkap1; target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 [KO:K20410]
100485588  rictor; rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K08267]
493393  prr5; proline-rich protein 5 [KO:K20411]
100380146  prr5l; proline-rich protein 5-like isoform X2 [KO:K20411]
549402  rhoa.2; ras homolog gene family, member A, gene 2 [KO:K04513]
549323  rhoc; rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC [KO:K04513]
448080  rhoa; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
780209  prkca; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100038043  prkcb; protein kinase C beta type [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
100496779  prkcg; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X2 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
594981  sgk1; serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 [KO:K13302] [EC:2.7.11.1]
Compound
C00020  AMP
C00062  L-Arginine
C00123  L-Leucine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:27304501
  Authors
Kennedy BK, Lamming DW
  Title
The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin: The Grand ConducTOR of Metabolism and Aging.
  Journal
Cell Metab 23:990-1003 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.009
Reference
PMID:24556838
  Authors
Shimobayashi M, Hall MN
  Title
Making new contacts: the mTOR network in metabolism and signalling crosstalk.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 15:155-62 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/nrm3757
Reference
PMID:25242279
  Authors
Huang K, Fingar DC
  Title
Growing knowledge of the mTOR signaling network.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 36:79-90 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.011
Reference
PMID:26269525
  Authors
Bockaert J, Marin P
  Title
mTOR in Brain Physiology and Pathologies.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 95:1157-87 (2015)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00038.2014
Reference
PMID:26185979
  Authors
Caron A, Richard D, Laplante M
  Title
The Roles of mTOR Complexes in Lipid Metabolism.
  Journal
Annu Rev Nutr 35:321-48 (2015)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034355
Reference
PMID:26658722
  Authors
Shimobayashi M, Hall MN
  Title
Multiple amino acid sensing inputs to mTORC1.
  Journal
Cell Res 26:7-20 (2016)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2015.146
Reference
PMID:24698685
  Authors
Bar-Peled L, Sabatini DM
  Title
Regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids.
  Journal
Trends Cell Biol 24:400-6 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.tcb.2014.03.003
Reference
PMID:26046644
  Authors
Fingar DC
  Title
Rag Ubiquitination Recruits a GATOR1: Attenuation of Amino Acid-Induced mTORC1 Signaling.
  Journal
Mol Cell 58:713-5 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2015.05.029
Reference
PMID:26700098
  Authors
Cai H, Dong LQ, Liu F
  Title
Recent Advances in Adipose mTOR Signaling and Function: Therapeutic Prospects.
  Journal
Trends Pharmacol Sci 37:303-17 (2016)
DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2015.11.011
Reference
PMID:24842496
  Authors
Eyre TA, Collins GP, Goldstone AH, Cwynarski K
  Title
Time now to TORC the TORC? New developments in mTOR pathway inhibition in lymphoid malignancies.
  Journal
Br J Haematol 166:336-51 (2014)
DOI:10.1111/bjh.12945
Reference
PMID:23465396
  Authors
Jewell JL, Guan KL
  Title
Nutrient signaling to mTOR and cell growth.
  Journal
Trends Biochem Sci 38:233-42 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.tibs.2013.01.004
Reference
PMID:23421405
  Authors
Wood TL, Bercury KK, Cifelli SE, Mursch LE, Min J, Dai J, Macklin WB
  Title
mTOR: a link from the extracellular milieu to transcriptional regulation of oligodendrocyte development.
  Journal
ASN Neuro 5:e00108 (2013)
DOI:10.1042/AN20120092
Reference
PMID:23694989
  Authors
Kim SG, Buel GR, Blenis J
  Title
Nutrient regulation of the mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway.
  Journal
Mol Cells 35:463-73 (2013)
DOI:10.1007/s10059-013-0138-2
Reference
PMID:19812304
  Authors
Laplante M, Sabatini DM
  Title
mTOR signaling at a glance.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 122:3589-94 (2009)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.051011
Reference
PMID:16756488
  Authors
Alessi DR, Sakamoto K, Bayascas JR
  Title
LKB1-dependent signaling pathways.
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 75:137-63 (2006)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142702
Reference
PMID:27027448
  Authors
Dan HC, Antonia RJ, Baldwin AS
  Title
PI3K/Akt promotes feedforward mTORC2 activation through IKKalpha.
  Journal
Oncotarget 7:21064-75 (2016)
DOI:10.18632/oncotarget.8383
Reference
PMID:28283069
  Authors
Saxton RA, Sabatini DM
  Title
mTOR Signaling in Growth, Metabolism, and Disease.
  Journal
Cell 168:960-976 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2017.02.004
Related
pathway
xtr00561  Glycerolipid metabolism
xtr04010  MAPK signaling pathway
xtr04140  Autophagy - animal
xtr04810  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
xtr04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04150   
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