KEGG   PATHWAY: acun04140
Entry
acun04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Athene cunicularia (burrowing owl)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
acun04140  Autophagy - animal
acun04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Athene cunicularia (burrowing owl) [GN:acun]
Gene
113481160  insulin isoform X1 [KO:K04526]
113483985  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
113483461  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
113478507  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
113479916  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
113487938  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
113483286  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
113483483  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
113483193  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
113489298  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
113489600  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
113485931  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113477826  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113490822  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113480539  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113481870  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
113481169  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
113491163  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
113488912  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
113482327  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
113481185  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
113484728  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113484193  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
113489457  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
113486052  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
113480536  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha [KO:K08268]
113481824  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
113485670  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
113486658  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
113481424  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
113477285  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
113486697  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
113476181  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
113487613  DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-like [KO:K20402]
113487804  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113485896  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]
113487063  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113480205  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 [KO:K17606]
113479507  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
113485243  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
113486041  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113487303  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113480699  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
113476358  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
113480369  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
113485555  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
113486701  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
113486894  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
113482306  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
113490774  autophagy-related protein 9A-like [KO:K17907]
113479362  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
113485551  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
113489759  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 [KO:K23610]
113490309  CZH9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
113489287  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
113480149  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
113488348  RAB42; ras-related protein Rab-42 [KO:K07925]
113485050  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
113491384  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
113482325  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650]
113478002  RAB1A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
113479974  ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
113478152  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
113488240  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
113489386  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113482676  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
113489671  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
113482753  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
113484720  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
113485089  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
113481395  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
113479790  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
113476058  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
113489069  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
113481938  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
113476692  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113489677  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
113480735  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
113480722  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
113481145  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
113490659  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
113487035  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
113476379  STX17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
113483508  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein [KO:K21249]
113482998  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
113483284  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
113486072  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
113478050  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
113485918  ERN2; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
113486954  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
113484753  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
113489514  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113489956  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113483884  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113483169  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
113480323  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
113480680  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
113485970  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
113487122  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
113484741  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
113480308  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K17603]
113489755  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
113478280  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
113483691  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
113484837  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
113490293  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
113479225  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
113482557  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
113479715  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
113490778  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
113491075  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
113484641  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
113490930  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
113484607  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
113487661  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
113478277  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
113483037  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
113479922  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
113483671  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
113489162  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein [KO:K17987]
113491255  OPTN; optineurin [KO:K19946]
113476405  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
113479502  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
113486334  ubiquitin-like [KO:K02977]
113478202  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
113487383  UBB; polyubiquitin-B isoform X1 [KO:K04551]
113486161  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K08509]
113490694  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
113478503  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
113489826  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
113489212  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 [KO:K23282]
113488602  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
113490539  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
113480650  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
113486149  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
113480783  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
113477537  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog [KO:K20184]
113477918  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
113482104  GORASP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
113477061  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 [KO:K26797]
113484813  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
113478540  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
113479904  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 [KO:K06528]
113481131  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
113489368  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
113490114  CTSL; cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
113478278  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
acun04010  MAPK signaling pathway
acun04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
acun04142  Lysosome
acun04150  mTOR signaling pathway
acun04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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