Entry
Name
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling - Phodopus roborovskii (desert hamster)
Description
Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) serve as retrograde messengers at synapses in various regions of the brain. The family of endocannabinoids includes at least five derivatives of arachidonic acid; the two best characterized are arachydonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) and 2-arachydonoil glycerol (2AG). They are released from postsynaptic neurons upon postsynaptic depolarization and/or receptor activation. The released endocannabinoids then activate the CB1 receptors (CB1R) at presynaptic terminals and suppress the release of inhibitory transmitter GABA (depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition, DSI) or excitatory transmitter glutamate (depolarization-induced suppression of excitation, DSE) by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. Besides the well-known expression of the CB1R in the plasma membrane, this receptor is also present in mitochondrial membranes, where it reduces the mitochondrial respiration and contributes to DSI. Whereas DSI and DSE result in short-term synaptic plasticity, endocannabinoids also mediate long-term synaptic changes (eCB-LTD). Persistent activation of CB1 receptors over a period of minutes triggers eCB-LTD by a RIM1alpha-dependent mechanism.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
prob04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Phodopus roborovskii (desert hamster) [GN:
prob ]
Gene
127236163 Cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
127236838 Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
127218370 Cacna1f; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
127221312 Cacna1s; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
127237766 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: metabotropic glutamate receptor 1-like [KO:K04603 ]
127229038 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
127221390 Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
127221392 Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
127236214 Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
127224232 Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
127216863 Gnai3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630 ]
127236958 Gnai2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
127214410 Gnai1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
127230018 Gnao1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534 ]
127213531 Gnb1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
127237177 Gnb2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
127212957 Gnb3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
127223334 Gnb4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
127231981 Gnb5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
127228816 Gng3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
127229769 Gng4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
127216480 Gngt1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
127222509 Kcnj3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 [KO:K04997 ]
127227550 Kcnj6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05000 ]
127223613 Kcnj9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002 ]
127231511 Kcnj5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999 ]
127229890 voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344 ]
127222557 Cacna1b; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849 ]
127224173 Ndufv3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03944 ]
127235179 Ndufa2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
127225561 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
127238962 Ndufa3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
127215662 Ndufa4l2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
127215361 Ndufa5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949 ]
127225860 Ndufa6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950 ]
127217788 Ndufa7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03951 ]
127222829 Ndufa8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
127212845 Ndufa9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
127218502 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial-like [KO:K03954 ]
127226704 Ndufa10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
127216779 Ndufa11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
127237896 Ndufa12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352 ]
127217171 Ndufa13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
127214232 Ndufb2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
127226334 Ndufb3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
127213479 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4-like [KO:K03960 ]
127227152 Ndufb4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
127227382 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4-like [KO:K03960 ]
127223336 Ndufb5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
127224505 Ndufb6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03962 ]
127229861 Ndufb7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 7 [KO:K03963 ]
127233334 Ndufb8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03964 ]
127235381 Ndufb9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965 ]
127219546 Ndufb10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
127218277 Ndufb11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351 ]
127230881 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial-like [KO:K11351 ]
127237386 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial-like [KO:K11351 ]
127223568 Ndufs2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
127222286 Ndufs3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
127225317 Ndufs5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
127231389 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5-like [KO:K03938 ]
127233027 NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
127220858 Ndufs6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial [KO:K03939 ]
127216631 Ndufs7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial [KO:K03940 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
127228614 Ndufs8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
127216294 Ndufc1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
127236603 Rims1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 [KO:K15291 ]
127217304 Gabra3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175 ]
127219410 Gabra1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05175 ]
127219412 Gabra6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175 ]
127232106 Gabra4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05175 ]
127232293 Gabra2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 [KO:K05175 ]
127213876 Gabra5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175 ]
127219413 Gabrb2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 [KO:K05181 ]
127232107 Gabrb1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05181 ]
127213874 Gabrb3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181 ]
127219414 Gabrg2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186 ]
127232340 Gabrg1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186 ]
127213817 Gabrg3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05186 ]
127213522 Gabrd; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184 ]
127217301 Gabre; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185 ]
127217303 Gabrq; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta isoform X1 [KO:K05192 ]
127224450 Gabrr2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190 ]
127227364 Gabrr3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190 ]
Compound
C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C00689 alpha,alpha'-Trehalose 6-phosphate
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C19912 N-Arachidonoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine
Reference
Authors
Hashimotodani Y, Ohno-Shosaku T, Kano M
Title
Ca(2+)-assisted receptor-driven endocannabinoid release: mechanisms that associate presynaptic and postsynaptic activities.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohno-Shosaku T, Tanimura A, Hashimotodani Y, Kano M
Title
Endocannabinoids and retrograde modulation of synaptic transmission.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Basavarajappa BS
Title
Neuropharmacology of the endocannabinoid signaling system-molecular mechanisms, biological actions and synaptic plasticity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pacher P, Batkai S, Kunos G
Title
The endocannabinoid system as an emerging target of pharmacotherapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Marzo V, Bifulco M, De Petrocellis L
Title
The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic exploitation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hashimotodani Y, Ohno-Shosaku T, Kano M
Title
Endocannabinoids and synaptic function in the CNS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kano M, Ohno-Shosaku T, Hashimotodani Y, Uchigashima M, Watanabe M
Title
Endocannabinoid-mediated control of synaptic transmission.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Regehr WG, Carey MR, Best AR
Title
Activity-dependent regulation of synapses by retrograde messengers.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benarroch E
Title
Endocannabinoids in basal ganglia circuits: implications for Parkinson disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohno-Shosaku T, Hashimotodani Y, Maejima T, Kano M
Title
Calcium signaling and synaptic modulation: regulation of endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic modulation by calcium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harkany T, Mackie K, Doherty P
Title
Wiring and firing neuronal networks: endocannabinoids take center stage.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hosking RD, Zajicek JP
Title
Therapeutic potential of cannabis in pain medicine.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Marzo V
Title
Endocannabinoid signaling in the brain: biosynthetic mechanisms in the limelight.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McPartland JM
Title
The endocannabinoid system: an osteopathic perspective.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chevaleyre V, Heifets BD, Kaeser PS, Sudhof TC, Castillo PE
Title
Endocannabinoid-mediated long-term plasticity requires cAMP/PKA signaling and RIM1alpha.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lafourcade CA
Title
Presynaptic mechanisms of endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression in the hippocampus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ueda N, Tsuboi K, Uyama T, Ohnishi T
Title
Biosynthesis and degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Guo J, Ikeda SR
Title
Endocannabinoids modulate N-type calcium channels and G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels via CB1 cannabinoid receptors heterologously expressed in mammalian neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benard G, Massa F, Puente N, Lourenco J, Bellocchio L, Soria-Gomez E, Matias I, Delamarre A, Metna-Laurent M, Cannich A, Hebert-Chatelain E, Mulle C, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Martin-Fontecha M, Klugmann M, Guggenhuber S, Lutz B, Gertsch J, Chaouloff F, Lopez-Rodriguez ML, Grandes P, Rossignol R, Marsicano G
Title
Mitochondrial CB(1) receptors regulate neuronal energy metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Busquets-Garcia A, Desprez T, Metna-Laurent M, Bellocchio L, Marsicano G, Soria-Gomez E
Title
Dissecting the cannabinergic control of behavior: The where matters.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harkany T, Horvath TL
Title
(S)Pot on Mitochondria: Cannabinoids Disrupt Cellular Respiration to Limit Neuronal Activity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Alger BE, Tang AH
Title
Do cannabinoids reduce brain power?
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
LinkDB
All DBs