Entry Name Glutamatergic synapse - Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse)
Description Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system(CNS). Glutamate is packaged into synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal. Once released into the synaptic cleft, glutamate acts on postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) to mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission. Glutamate can also act on metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and exert a variety of modulatory effects through their coupling to G proteins and the subsequent recruitment of second messenger systems. Presynaptically localized Group II and Group III mGluRs are thought to represent the classical inhibitory autoreceptor mechanism that suppresses excess glutamate release. After its action on these receptors, glutamate can be removed from the synaptic cleft by EAATs located either on the presynaptic terminal, neighboring glial cells, or the postsynaptic neuron. In glia, glutamate is converted to glutamine, which is then transported back to the presynaptic terminal and converted back to glutamate.
Class Organismal Systems; Nervous systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse) [GN:
pleu ]
Gene 114680674 Plcb3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
114681254 Gng13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
114681403 Gng8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
114682519 Gng10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
114683255 Ppp3ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
114683622 Gng3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
114684093 Grin3b; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B [KO:K05214 ]
114684157 Cacna1a; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
114684331 Shank1; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15009 ]
114685176 Slc38a2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207 ]
114685202 Gng4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
114685705 Slc1a6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05617 ]
114686204 Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
114686598 Gng2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
114686769 Gnb2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
114687164 Slc17a7; vesicular glutamate transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12302 ]
114687572 Grm6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 [KO:K04608 ]
114687652 Gng14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
114688303 Gng7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
114690390 Gnb5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
114690966 Trpc1; short transient receptor potential channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04964 ]
114691978 Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
114692778 Grin1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
114692919 Gngt2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
114693036 Shank3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3 [KO:K15009 ]
114693076 Slc38a1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990 ]
114693442 Gng11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
114693495 Gngt1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
114694279 Shank2; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 2 isoform X6 [KO:K15009 ]
114694517 Gnao1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534 ]
114695341 Gnb4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
114696389 Dlgap1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: disks large-associated protein 1 [KO:K15008 ]
114696693 Kcnj3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997 ]
114697357 Slc1a3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: excitatory amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K05614 ]
114697669 Grik1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05201 ]
114698273 Gng5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
114698768 Ppp3cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
114699010 Slc1a2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05613 ]
114699498 Lzts3; leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K26472 ]
114699988 Gnai3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630 ]
114700198 Ppp3cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
114700762 Cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X8 [KO:K04850 ]
114700920 Gng12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
114703666 Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
114703672 Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
114704289 Grik3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 3 [KO:K05203 ]
114705234 Slc38a3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576 ]
114707044 Grin2c; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X2 [KO:K05211 ]
114708228 Gnai1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
114708288 Gnb1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
114708393 Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959 ]
114708827 Gnb3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K07825 ]
114710969 Gnai2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Niswender CM, Conn PJ
Title Metabotropic glutamate receptors: physiology, pharmacology, and disease.
Journal Reference Authors Ferraguti F, Crepaldi L, Nicoletti F
Title Metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor: current concepts and perspectives.
Journal Reference Authors Hermans E, Challiss RA
Title Structural, signalling and regulatory properties of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptors: prototypic family C G-protein-coupled receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Kim CH, Lee J, Lee JY, Roche KW
Title Metabotropic glutamate receptors: phosphorylation and receptor signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Meador-Woodruff JH, Clinton SM, Beneyto M, McCullumsmith RE
Title Molecular abnormalities of the glutamate synapse in the thalamus in schizophrenia.
Journal Reference Authors Sanacora G, Zarate CA, Krystal JH, Manji HK
Title Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders.
Journal Reference Authors Gass JT, Olive MF
Title Glutamatergic substrates of drug addiction and alcoholism.
Journal Reference Authors Palmada M, Centelles JJ
Title Excitatory amino acid neurotransmission. Pathways for metabolism, storage and reuptake of glutamate in brain.
Journal Reference Authors Schoepp DD
Title Unveiling the functions of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system.
Journal J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299:12-20 (2001)
Reference Authors de Jong AP, Verhage M
Title Presynaptic signal transduction pathways that modulate synaptic transmission.
Journal Reference Authors Pinheiro PS, Mulle C
Title Presynaptic glutamate receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of action.
Journal Reference Authors Byrnes KR, Loane DJ, Faden AI
Title Metabotropic glutamate receptors as targets for multipotential treatment of neurological disorders.
Journal Reference Authors Conti F, Weinberg RJ
Title Shaping excitation at glutamatergic synapses.
Journal Reference Authors Sheng M, Kim MJ
Title Postsynaptic signaling and plasticity mechanisms.
Journal Related KO pathway
