KEGG   DISEASE: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Entry
H00058                      Disease                                
Name
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS);
Lou Gehrig disease
  Subgroup
Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [DS:H02342]
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALSPDC)
Description
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. In 90% of patients, ALS is sporadic, with no clear genetic linkage. On the other hand, the remaining 10% of cases show familial inheritance, with mutations in SOD1, TDP43(TARDBP), FUS, or C9orf72 genes being the most frequent causes. In spite of such difference, familial ALS and sporadic ALS have similarities in their pathological features. Proposed disease mechanisms contributing to motor neuron degeneration in ALS are: impaired proteostasis, aberrant RNA processing, mitochondrial disfunction and oxidative stress, microglia activation, and axonal dysfunction.
Category
Neurodegenerative disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
 08 Diseases of the nervous system
  Motor neuron diseases or related disorders
   8B60  Motor neuron disease
    H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
 Replication, repair and transcription
  nt06547  Spliceosome
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
 Signal transduction
  nt06543  NRG-ERBB signaling
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
 Cellular process
  nt06515  Regulation of kinetochore-microtubule interactions
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06534  Unfolded protein response
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06532  Autophagy
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06536  Mitophagy
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06550  Lysosome biogenesis
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06551  Lysosome
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06541  Cytoskeleton in neurons
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  nt06545  Cornified envelope formation
   H00058  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Disease
pathway
hsa05014  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Pathway
hsa04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
hsa04140  Autophagy - animal
hsa04137  Mitophagy - animal
Network
nt06464 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
nt06466 Pathways of neurodegeneration
nt06515 Regulation of kinetochore-microtubule interactions
nt06532 Autophagy
nt06534 Unfolded protein response
nt06536 Mitophagy
nt06541 Cytoskeleton in neurons
nt06543 NRG-ERBB signaling
nt06545 Cornified envelope formation
nt06547 Spliceosome
nt06550 Lysosome biogenesis
nt06551 Lysosome
Gene
(ALS1) SOD1 [HSA:6647] [KO:K04565]
(ALS1) NEFH [HSA:4744] [KO:K04574]
(ALS1) PRPH [HSA:5630] [KO:K07607]
(ALS1) DCTN1 [HSA:1639] [KO:K04648]
(ALS2) ALS2 [HSA:57679] [KO:K04575]
(ALS4) SETX [HSA:23064] [KO:K10706]
(ALS5) SPG11 [HSA:80208] [KO:K19026]
(ALS6) FUS [HSA:2521] [KO:K13098]
(ALS8) VAPB [HSA:9217] [KO:K10707]
(ALS9) ANG [HSA:283] [KO:K16631]
(ALS10) TARDBP [HSA:23435] [KO:K23600]
(ALS11) FIG4 [HSA:9896] [KO:K22913]
(ALS12) OPTN [HSA:10133] [KO:K19946]
(ALS15) UBQLN2 [HSA:29978] [KO:K04523]
(ALS16) SIGMAR1 [HSA:10280] [KO:K20719]
(ALS18) PFN1 [HSA:5216] [KO:K05759]
(ALS19) ERBB4 [HSA:2066] [KO:K05085]
(ALS20) HNRNPA1 [HSA:3178] [KO:K12741]
(ALS21) MATR3 [HSA:9782] [KO:K13213]
(ALS22) TUBA4A [HSA:7277] [KO:K07374]
(ALS23) ANXA11 [HSA:311] [KO:K17095]
(ALS24) NEK1 [HSA:4750] [KO:K08857]
(ALS25) KIF5A [HSA:3798] [KO:K10396]
(ALS26) TIA1 [HSA:7072] [KO:K13201]
(ALS27) SPTLC1 [HSA:10558] [KO:K00654]
(ALS28) LRP12 [HSA:29967] [KO:K20050]
(ALSPDC) TRPM7 [HSA:54822] [KO:K04982]
(ALSPDC) MAPT [HSA:4137] [KO:K04380]
Drug
Riluzole [DR:D00775]
Edaravone [DR:D01552]
Sodium phenylbutyrate and taurursodiol [DR:D12439]
Tofersen [DR:D11811] (SOD1 mutated)
Comment
Affected region: motor cortex, brain stem, spinal cord
Microscopic lesion: hyaline inclusions
Other DBs
ICD-11: 8B60.0
MeSH: D000690
OMIM: 105400 205100 602433 602099 608030 608627 611895 612069 612577 613435 300857 614373 614808 615515 615426 606070 617839 616208 617839 617892 617921 619133 620285 620452 105500
Reference
  Authors
Hardiman O, Al-Chalabi A, Chio A, Corr EM, Logroscino G, Robberecht W, Shaw PJ, Simmons Z, van den Berg LH
  Title
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Dis Primers 3:17071 (2017)
DOI:10.1038/nrdp.2017.71
Reference
  Authors
Yamashita S, Ando Y
  Title
Genotype-phenotype relationship in hereditary amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Transl Neurodegener 4:13 (2015)
DOI:10.1186/s40035-015-0036-y
Reference
PMID:15952898 (ALS1)
  Authors
Valentine JS, Doucette PA, Zittin Potter S
  Title
Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Annu Rev Biochem 74:563-93 (2005)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161647
Reference
PMID:15106121 (ALS4)
  Authors
Chen YZ, Bennett CL, Huynh HM, Blair IP, Puls I, Irobi J, Dierick I, Abel A, Kennerson ML, Rabin BA, Nicholson GA, Auer-Grumbach M, Wagner K, De Jonghe P, Griffin JW, Fischbeck KH, Timmerman V, Cornblath DR, Chance PF
  Title
DNA/RNA helicase gene mutations in a form of juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS4).
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 74:1128-35 (2004)
DOI:10.1086/421054
Reference
PMID:19251628 (ALS6)
  Authors
Vance C, Rogelj B, Hortobagyi T, De Vos KJ, Nishimura AL, Sreedharan J, Hu X, Smith B, Ruddy D, Wright P, Ganesalingam J, Williams KL, Tripathi V, Al-Saraj S, Al-Chalabi A, Leigh PN, Blair IP, Nicholson G, de Belleroche J, Gallo JM, Miller CC, Shaw CE
  Title
Mutations in FUS, an RNA processing protein, cause familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6.
  Journal
Science 323:1208-11 (2009)
DOI:10.1126/science.1165942
Reference
PMID:16501576 (ALS9)
  Authors
Greenway MJ, Andersen PM, Russ C, Ennis S, Cashman S, Donaghy C, Patterson V, Swingler R, Kieran D, Prehn J, Morrison KE, Green A, Acharya KR, Brown RH Jr, Hardiman O
  Title
ANG mutations segregate with familial and 'sporadic' amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Nat Genet 38:411-3 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/ng1742
Reference
PMID:18802454 (ALS10)
  Authors
Rutherford NJ, Zhang YJ, Baker M, Gass JM, Finch NA, Xu YF, Stewart H, Kelley BJ, Kuntz K, Crook RJ, Sreedharan J, Vance C, Sorenson E, Lippa C, Bigio EH, Geschwind DH, Knopman DS, Mitsumoto H, Petersen RC, Cashman NR, Hutton M, Shaw CE, Boylan KB, Boeve B, Graff-Radford NR, Wszolek ZK, Caselli RJ, Dickson DW, Mackenzie IR, Petrucelli L, Rademakers R
  Title
Novel mutations in TARDBP (TDP-43) in patients with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
PLoS Genet 4:e1000193 (2008)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000193
Reference
PMID:19118816 (ALS11)
  Authors
Chow CY, Landers JE, Bergren SK, Sapp PC, Grant AE, Jones JM, Everett L, Lenk GM, McKenna-Yasek DM, Weisman LS, Figlewicz D, Brown RH, Meisler MH
  Title
Deleterious variants of FIG4, a phosphoinositide phosphatase, in patients with ALS.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 84:85-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.12.010
Reference
PMID:20428114 (ALS12)
  Authors
Maruyama H, Morino H, Ito H, Izumi Y, Kato H, Watanabe Y, Kinoshita Y, Kamada M, Nodera H, Suzuki H, Komure O, Matsuura S, Kobatake K, Morimoto N, Abe K, Suzuki N, Aoki M, Kawata A, Hirai T, Kato T, Ogasawara K, Hirano A, Takumi T, Kusaka H, Hagiwara K, Kaji R, Kawakami H
  Title
Mutations of optineurin in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Nature 465:223-6 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08971
Reference
PMID:30870681 (ALS1-ALS23)
  Authors
Mathis S, Goizet C, Soulages A, Vallat JM, Masson GL
  Title
Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review.
  Journal
J Neurol Sci 399:217-226 (2019)
DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2019.02.030
Reference
PMID:26945885 (ALS24)
  Authors
Brenner D, Muller K, Wieland T, Weydt P, Bohm S, Lule D, Hubers A, Neuwirth C, Weber M, Borck G, Wahlqvist M, Danzer KM, Volk AE, Meitinger T, Strom TM, Otto M, Kassubek J, Ludolph AC, Andersen PM, Weishaupt JH
  Title
NEK1 mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Brain 139:e28 (2016)
DOI:10.1093/brain/aww033
Reference
PMID:29566793 (ALS25)
  Authors
Nicolas A, Kenna KP, Renton AE, Ticozzi N, Faghri F, Chia R, Dominov JA, Kenna BJ, Nalls MA, Keagle P, Rivera AM, van Rheenen W, Murphy NA, van Vugt JJFA, Geiger JT, Van der Spek RA, Pliner HA, Shankaracharya, Smith BN, Marangi G, Topp SD, Abramzon Y, Gkazi AS, Eicher JD, Kenna A, Mora G, Calvo A, Mazzini L, Riva N, Mandrioli J, Caponnetto C, Battistini S, Volanti P, La Bella V, Conforti FL, Borghero G, Messina S, Simone IL, Trojsi F, Salvi F, Logullo FO, D'Alfonso S, Corrado L, Capasso M, Ferrucci L, Moreno CAM, Kamalakaran S, Goldstein DB, Gitler AD, Harris T, Myers RM, Phatnani H, Musunuri RL, Evani US, Abhyankar A, Zody MC, Kaye J, Finkbeiner S, Wyman SK, LeNail A, Lima L, Fraenkel E, Svendsen CN, Thompson LM, Van Eyk JE, Berry JD, Miller TM, Kolb SJ, Cudkowicz M, Baxi E, Benatar M, Taylor JP, Rampersaud E, Wu G, Wuu J, Lauria G, Verde F, Fogh I, Tiloca C, Comi GP, Soraru G, Cereda C, Corcia P, Laaksovirta H, Myllykangas L, Jansson L, Valori M, Ealing J, Hamdalla H, Rollinson S, Pickering-Brown S, Orrell RW, Sidle KC, Malaspina A, Hardy J, Singleton AB, Johnson JO, Arepalli S, Sapp PC, McKenna-Yasek D, Polak M, Asress S, Al-Sarraj S, King A, Troakes C, Vance C, de Belleroche J, Baas F, Ten Asbroek ALMA, Munoz-Blanco JL, Hernandez DG, Ding J, Gibbs JR, Scholz SW, Floeter MK, Campbell RH, Landi F, Bowser R, Pulst SM, Ravits JM, MacGowan DJL, Kirby J, Pioro EP, Pamphlett R, Broach J, Gerhard G, Dunckley TL, Brady CB, Kowall NW, Troncoso JC, Le Ber I, Mouzat K, Lumbroso S, Heiman-Patterson TD, Kamel F, Van Den Bosch L, Baloh RH, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Shatunov A, Van Eijk KR, de Carvalho M, Kooyman M, Middelkoop B, Moisse M, McLaughlin RL, Van Es MA, Weber M, Boylan KB, Van Blitterswijk M, Rademakers R, Morrison KE, Basak AN, Mora JS, Drory VE, Shaw PJ, Turner MR, Talbot K, Hardiman O, Williams KL, Fifita JA, Nicholson GA, Blair IP, Rouleau GA, Esteban-Perez J, Garcia-Redondo A, Al-Chalabi A, Rogaeva E, Zinman L, Ostrow LW, Maragakis NJ, Rothstein JD, Simmons Z, Cooper-Knock J, Brice A, Goutman SA, Feldman EL, Gibson SB, Taroni F, Ratti A, Gellera C, Van Damme P, Robberecht W, Fratta P, Sabatelli M, Lunetta C, Ludolph AC, Andersen PM, Weishaupt JH, Camu W, Trojanowski JQ, Van Deerlin VM, Brown RH Jr, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Harms MB, Glass JD, Stone DJ, Tienari P, Silani V, Chio A, Shaw CE, Traynor BJ, Landers JE
  Title
Genome-wide Analyses Identify KIF5A as a Novel ALS Gene.
  Journal
Neuron 97:1268-1283.e6 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.027
Reference
PMID:28817800 (ALS26)
  Authors
Mackenzie IR, Nicholson AM, Sarkar M, Messing J, Purice MD, Pottier C, Annu K, Baker M, Perkerson RB, Kurti A, Matchett BJ, Mittag T, Temirov J, Hsiung GR, Krieger C, Murray ME, Kato M, Fryer JD, Petrucelli L, Zinman L, Weintraub S, Mesulam M, Keith J, Zivkovic SA, Hirsch-Reinshagen V, Roos RP, Zuchner S, Graff-Radford NR, Petersen RC, Caselli RJ, Wszolek ZK, Finger E, Lippa C, Lacomis D, Stewart H, Dickson DW, Kim HJ, Rogaeva E, Bigio E, Boylan KB, Taylor JP, Rademakers R
  Title
TIA1 Mutations in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Promote Phase Separation and Alter Stress Granule Dynamics.
  Journal
Neuron 95:808-816.e9 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.025
Reference
PMID:34059824 (ALS27)
  Authors
Mohassel P, Donkervoort S, Lone MA, Nalls M, Gable K, Gupta SD, Foley AR, Hu Y, Saute JAM, Moreira AL, Kok F, Introna A, Logroscino G, Grunseich C, Nickolls AR, Pourshafie N, Neuhaus SB, Saade D, Gangfuss A, Kolbel H, Piccus Z, Le Pichon CE, Fiorillo C, Ly CV, Topf A, Brady L, Specht S, Zidell A, Pedro H, Mittelmann E, Thomas FP, Chao KR, Konersman CG, Cho MT, Brandt T, Straub V, Connolly AM, Schara U, Roos A, Tarnopolsky M, Hoke A, Brown RH, Lee CH, Hornemann T, Dunn TM, Bonnemann CG
  Title
Childhood amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by excess sphingolipid synthesis.
  Journal
Nat Med 27:1197-1204 (2021)
DOI:10.1038/s41591-021-01346-1
Reference
PMID:37339631 (ALS28)
  Authors
Kume K, Kurashige T, Muguruma K, Morino H, Tada Y, Kikumoto M, Miyamoto T, Akutsu SN, Matsuda Y, Matsuura S, Nakamori M, Nishiyama A, Izumi R, Niihori T, Ogasawara M, Eura N, Kato T, Yokomura M, Nakayama Y, Ito H, Nakamura M, Saito K, Riku Y, Iwasaki Y, Maruyama H, Aoki Y, Nishino I, Izumi Y, Aoki M, Kawakami H
  Title
CGG repeat expansion in LRP12 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 110:1086-1097 (2023)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.05.014
Reference
PMID:16051700 (ALSPDC)
  Authors
Hermosura MC, Nayakanti H, Dorovkov MV, Calderon FR, Ryazanov AG, Haymer DS, Garruto RM
  Title
A TRPM7 variant shows altered sensitivity to magnesium that may contribute to the pathogenesis of two Guamanian neurodegenerative disorders.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:11510-5 (2005)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0505149102
Reference
PMID:17185385 (ALSPDC)
  Authors
Sundar PD, Yu CE, Sieh W, Steinbart E, Garruto RM, Oyanagi K, Craig UK, Bird TD, Wijsman EM, Galasko DR, Schellenberg GD
  Title
Two sites in the MAPT region confer genetic risk for Guam ALS/PDC and dementia.
  Journal
Hum Mol Genet 16:295-306 (2007)
DOI:10.1093/hmg/ddl463
Reference
PMID:29403345 (ALSPDC)
  Authors
Hata Y, Ma N, Yoneda M, Morimoto S, Okano H, Murayama S, Kawanishi S, Kuzuhara S, Kokubo Y
  Title
Nitrative Stress and Tau Accumulation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Parkinsonism-Dementia Complex (ALS/PDC) in the Kii Peninsula, Japan.
  Journal
Front Neurosci 11:751 (2017)
DOI:10.3389/fnins.2017.00751
LinkDB

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KEGG   DISEASE: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Entry
H00264                      Disease                                
Name
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease;
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy
  Subgroup
Peroneal muscular atrophy
Dejerine-Sottas disease [DS:H02359]
Cowchock syndrome [DS:H02344]
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, Okinawa type (HMSNO)
Description
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, also called hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (HMSN), is a group of disorders characterized by a chronic motor and sensory polyneuropathy. Based on nerve conduction velocities, the disease can be divided into demyelinating CMT (CMT1), axonal CMT (CMT2) and intermediate CMT (CMTDI/CMTRI). Although more than 70 disease genes for CMT are known, a large number of affected individuals remain without a genetic diagnosis.
Category
Neurodegenerative disease
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
 08 Diseases of the nervous system
  Disorders of nerve root, plexus or peripheral nerves
   Hereditary neuropathy
    8C20  Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy
     H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
 Replication, repair and transcription
  nt06509  DNA replication
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
 Signal transduction
  nt06528  Calcium signaling
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
 Cellular process
  nt06515  Regulation of kinetochore-microtubule interactions
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06532  Autophagy
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06536  Mitophagy
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06550  Lysosome biogenesis
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06551  Lysosome
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06539  Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06541  Cytoskeleton in neurons
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06544  Neuroactive ligand signaling
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  nt06546  IgSF CAM signaling
   H00264  Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Pathway
hsa04140  Autophagy - animal
hsa04137  Mitophagy - animal
hsa04820  Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
hsa00970  Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis
hsa04727  GABAergic synapse
hsa04517  IGSF CAM signaling
Network
nt06509 DNA replication
nt06515 Regulation of kinetochore-microtubule interactions
nt06528 Calcium signaling
nt06532 Autophagy
nt06536 Mitophagy
nt06539 Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
nt06541 Cytoskeleton in neurons
nt06544 Neuroactive ligand signaling
nt06546 IgSF CAM signaling
nt06550 Lysosome biogenesis
nt06551 Lysosome
Gene
(CMT1A/1E) PMP22 [HSA:5376] [KO:K19289]
(CMT1B/2I/2J/4E) MPZ [HSA:4359] [KO:K06770]
(CMT1C) LITAF [HSA:9516] [KO:K19363]
(CMT1D/4E) EGR2 [HSA:1959] [KO:K12496]
(CMT1F/2E/DIG) NEFL [HSA:4747] [KO:K04572]
(CMT1G) PMP2 [HSA:5375] [KO:K24977]
(CMT1H) FBLN5 [HSA:10516] [KO:K17340]
(CMT1I) POLR3B [HSA:55703] [KO:K03021]
(CMT1J) ITPR3 [HSA:3710] [KO:K04960]
(CMT2A1) KIF1B [HSA:23095] [KO:K10392]
(CMT2A2A/2A2B/6A) MFN2 [HSA:9927] [KO:K06030]
(CMT2B) RAB7A [HSA:7879] [KO:K07897]
(CMT2B1) LMNA [HSA:4000] [KO:K12641]
(CMT2B2) PNKP [HSA:11284] [KO:K08073]
(CMT2C) TRPV4 [HSA:59341] [KO:K04973]
(CMT2CC) NEFH [HSA:4744] [KO:K04574]
(CMT2D) GARS1 [HSA:2617] [KO:K01880]
(CMT2DD) ATP1A1 [HSA:476] [KO:K01539]
(CMT2EE) MPV17 [HSA:4358] [KO:K13348]
(CMT2F) HSPB1 [HSA:3315] [KO:K04455]
(CMT2FF) CADM3 [HSA:57863] [KO:K06780]
(CMT2GG) GBF1 [HSA:8729] [KO:K18443]
(CMT2HH) JAG1 [HSA:182] [KO:K06052]
(CMT2II) SLC12A6 [HSA:9990] [KO:K14427]
(CMT2JJ) BAG3 [HSA:9531] [KO:K09557]
(CMT2K/4A/RIA) GDAP1 [HSA:54332] [KO:K22077]
(CMT2K) JPH1 [HSA:56704] [KO:K19530]
(CMT2KK) ARHGAP19 [HSA:84986] [KO:K20640]
(CMT2L) HSPB8 [HSA:26353] [KO:K08879]
(CMT2LL) DARS2 [HSA:55157] [KO:K01876]
(CMT2M/DIB) DNM2 [HSA:1785] [KO:K23484]
(CMT2MM) COX18 [HSA:285521] [KO:K17797]
(CMT2N) AARS1 [HSA:16] [KO:K01872]
(CMT2O) DYNC1H1 [HSA:1778] [KO:K10413]
(CMT2P) LRSAM1 [HSA:90678] [KO:K10641]
(CMT2Q) DHTKD1 [HSA:55526] [KO:K15791]
(CMT2R) TRIM2 [HSA:23321] [KO:K11997]
(CMT2S) IGHMBP2 [HSA:3508] [KO:K19036]
(CMT2T) MME [HSA:4311] [KO:K01389]
(CMT2U) MARS1 [HSA:4141] [KO:K01874]
(CMT2V) NAGLU [HSA:4669] [KO:K01205]
(CMT2W) HARS1 [HSA:3035] [KO:K01892]
(CMT2X) SPG11 [HSA:80208] [KO:K19026]
(CMT2Y) VCP [HSA:7415] [KO:K13525]
(CMT2Z) MORC2 [HSA:22880] [KO:K24135]
(CMT4B1) MTMR2 [HSA:8898] [KO:K18081]
(CMT4B2) SBF2 [HSA:81846] [KO:K18061]
(CMT4B3) SBF1 [HSA:6305] [KO:K18061]
(CMT4C/MNMN) SH3TC2 [HSA:79628] [KO:K24313]
(CMT4D) NDRG1 [HSA:10397] [KO:K18266]
(CMT4F) PRX [HSA:57716] [KO:K27395]
(CMT4G/HMSNR) HK1 [HSA:3098] [KO:K00844]
(CMT4H) FGD4 [HSA:121512] [KO:K05723]
(CMT4J) FIG4 [HSA:9896] [KO:K22913]
(CMT4K) SURF1 [HSA:6834] [KO:K14998]
(CMT6B) SLC25A46 [HSA:91137] [KO:K03454]
(CMT6C) PDXK [HSA:8566] [KO:K00868]
(CMTX1) GJB1 [HSA:2705] [KO:K07620]
(CMTX5) PRPS1 [HSA:5631] [KO:K00948]
(CMTX6) PDK3 [HSA:5165] [KO:K00898]
(CMTDIC) YARS1 [HSA:8565] [KO:K01866]
(CMTDIE) INF2 [HSA:64423] [KO:K23958]
(CMTDIF) GNB4 [HSA:59345] [KO:K04538]
(CMTRIB) KARS1 [HSA:3735] [KO:K04567]
(CMTRIC) PLEKHG5 [HSA:57449] [KO:K19464]
(CMTRID) COX6A1 [HSA:1337] [KO:K02266]
(HMSNO) TFG [HSA:10342] [KO:K09292]
Comment
CMT1: Abnormal myelin, autosomal dominant
CMT2: Axonopathy, autosomal dominant
Intermediate form: Combination of myelinopathy and axonopathy in individual, autosomal dominant
CMT4: Either myelinopathy or axonopathy, autosomal recessive
CMTX: Axonopathy with secondary myelin changes, X-linked dominant
MNMN: Mononeuropathy of the median nerve mild
Other DBs
ICD-11: 8C20.0 8C20.1 8C20.2
MeSH: D002607
OMIM: 118220 118200 601098 607678 118300 607734 618279 619764 619742 620111 118210 609260 617087 600882 605588 605589 606071 616924 601472 618036 607684 618400 606595 619519 606483 619574 607677 620068 607736 621095 607831 621466 608673 621485 606482 621488 613287 614228 614436 615025 615490 616155 617017 616280 616491 616625 616668 616687 616688 607706 214400 601382 604563 615284 601596 613353 601455 605253 614895 605285 609311 611228 616684 601152 616505 618511 302800 311070 300905 608323 607791 614455 615185 617882 608340 613641 615376 616039 604484
Reference
  Authors
Bertorini T, Narayanaswami P, Rashed H
  Title
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (hereditary motor sensory neuropathies) and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies.
  Journal
Neurologist 10:327-37 (2004)
DOI:10.1097/01.nrl.0000145596.38640.27
Reference
  Authors
Bird TD
  Title
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Hereditary Neuropathy Overview
  Journal
GeneReviews (1993)
Reference
PMID:14685682 (PMP22, MPZ, LITAF, EGR2, GJB1, GDAP1, MTMR2, SBF2, NDRG1, PRX, KIF1B, RAB7A, LMNA, NEFL)
  Authors
Young P, Suter U
  Title
The causes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 60:2547-60 (2003)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-003-3133-5
Reference
PMID:16775378 (MFN2, HSPB1, HSPB8, GARS1, DNM2)
  Authors
Niemann A, Berger P, Suter U
  Title
Pathomechanisms of mutant proteins in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Neuromolecular Med 8:217-42 (2006)
DOI:10.1385/NMM:8:1:217
Reference
PMID:30643024 (GARS1, YARS1, AARS1, HARS1, MARS1)
  Authors
Wei N, Zhang Q, Yang XL
  Title
Neurodegenerative Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease as a case study to decipher novel functions of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 294:5321-5339 (2019)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.REV118.002955
Reference
PMID:29499166 (ATP1A1)
  Authors
Lassuthova P, Rebelo AP, Ravenscroft G, Lamont PJ, Davis MR, Manganelli F, Feely SM, Bacon C, Brozkova DS, Haberlova J, Mazanec R, Tao F, Saghira C, Abreu L, Courel S, Powell E, Buglo E, Bis DM, Baxter MF, Ong RW, Marns L, Lee YC, Bai Y, Isom DG, Barro-Soria R, Chung KW, Scherer SS, Larsson HP, Laing NG, Choi BO, Seeman P, Shy ME, Santoro L, Zuchner S
  Title
Mutations in ATP1A1 Cause Dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 102:505-514 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.01.023
Reference
PMID:22508010 (MPV17)
  Authors
Blakely EL, Butterworth A, Hadden RD, Bodi I, He L, McFarland R, Taylor RW
  Title
MPV17 mutation causes neuropathy and leukoencephalopathy with multiple mtDNA deletions in muscle.
  Journal
Neuromuscul Disord 22:587-91 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.nmd.2012.03.006
Reference
PMID:33889941 (CADM3)
  Authors
Rebelo AP, Cortese A, Abraham A, Eshed-Eisenbach Y, Shner G, Vainshtein A, Buglo E, Camarena V, Gaidosh G, Shiekhattar R, Abreu L, Courel S, Burns DK, Bai Y, Bacon C, Feely SME, Castro D, Peles E, Reilly MM, Shy ME, Zuchner S
  Title
A CADM3 variant causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with marked upper limb involvement.
  Journal
Brain 144:1197-1213 (2021)
DOI:10.1093/brain/awab019
Reference
PMID:32937143 (GBF1)
  Authors
Mendoza-Ferreira N, Karakaya M, Cengiz N, Beijer D, Brigatti KW, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Fuhrmann N, Holker I, Thelen MP, Zetzsche S, Rombo R, Puffenberger EG, De Jonghe P, Deconinck T, Zuchner S, Strauss KA, Carson V, Schrank B, Wunderlich G, Baets J, Wirth B
  Title
De Novo and Inherited Variants in GBF1 are Associated with Axonal Neuropathy Caused by Golgi Fragmentation.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 107:763-777 (2020)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.08.018
Reference
PMID:32065591 (JAG1)
  Authors
Sullivan JM, Motley WW, Johnson JO, Aisenberg WH, Marshall KL, Barwick KE, Kong L, Huh JS, Saavedra-Rivera PC, McEntagart MM, Marion MH, Hicklin LA, Modarres H, Baple EL, Farah MH, Zuberi AR, Lutz CM, Gaudet R, Traynor BJ, Crosby AH, Sumner CJ
  Title
Dominant mutations of the Notch ligand Jagged1 cause peripheral neuropathy.
  Journal
J Clin Invest 130:1506-1512 (2020)
DOI:10.1172/JCI128152
Reference
PMID:20220177 (SH3TC2)
  Authors
Lupski JR, Reid JG, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Rio Deiros D, Chen DC, Nazareth L, Bainbridge M, Dinh H, Jing C, Wheeler DA, McGuire AL, Zhang F, Stankiewicz P, Halperin JJ, Yang C, Gehman C, Guo D, Irikat RK, Tom W, Fantin NJ, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA
  Title
Whole-genome sequencing in a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy.
  Journal
N Engl J Med 362:1181-91 (2010)
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa0908094
Reference
PMID:21820100 (DYNC1H1)
  Authors
Weedon MN, Hastings R, Caswell R, Xie W, Paszkiewicz K, Antoniadi T, Williams M, King C, Greenhalgh L, Newbury-Ecob R, Ellard S
  Title
Exome sequencing identifies a DYNC1H1 mutation in a large pedigree with dominant axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 89:308-12 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.07.002
Reference
PMID:20865121 (LRSAM1)
  Authors
Guernsey DL, Jiang H, Bedard K, Evans SC, Ferguson M, Matsuoka M, Macgillivray C, Nightingale M, Perry S, Rideout AL, Orr A, Ludman M, Skidmore DL, Benstead T, Samuels ME
  Title
Mutation in the gene encoding ubiquitin ligase LRSAM1 in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
PLoS Genet 6:e1001081 (2010)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001081
Reference
PMID:23141294 (DHTKD1)
  Authors
Xu WY, Gu MM, Sun LH, Guo WT, Zhu HB, Ma JF, Yuan WT, Kuang Y, Ji BJ, Wu XL, Chen Y, Zhang HX, Sun FT, Huang W, Huang L, Chen SD, Wang ZG
  Title
A nonsense mutation in DHTKD1 causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 in a large Chinese pedigree.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 91:1088-94 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.018
Reference
PMID:23562820 (TRIM2)
  Authors
Ylikallio E, Poyhonen R, Zimon M, De Vriendt E, Hilander T, Paetau A, Jordanova A, Lonnqvist T, Tyynismaa H
  Title
Deficiency of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM2 in early-onset axonal neuropathy.
  Journal
Hum Mol Genet 22:2975-83 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/hmg/ddt149
Reference
PMID:25439726 (IGHMBP2)
  Authors
Cottenie E, Kochanski A, Jordanova A, Bansagi B, Zimon M, Horga A, Jaunmuktane Z, Saveri P, Rasic VM, Baets J, Bartsakoulia M, Ploski R, Teterycz P, Nikolic M, Quinlivan R, Laura M, Sweeney MG, Taroni F, Lunn MP, Moroni I, Gonzalez M, Hanna MG, Bettencourt C, Chabrol E, Franke A, von Au K, Schilhabel M, Kabzinska D, Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Brandner S, Lim SC, Song H, Choi BO, Horvath R, Chung KW, Zuchner S, Pareyson D, Harms M, Reilly MM, Houlden H
  Title
Truncating and missense mutations in IGHMBP2 cause Charcot-Marie Tooth disease type 2.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 95:590-601 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.002
Reference
PMID:26991897 (MME)
  Authors
Higuchi Y, Hashiguchi A, Yuan J, Yoshimura A, Mitsui J, Ishiura H, Tanaka M, Ishihara S, Tanabe H, Nozuma S, Okamoto Y, Matsuura E, Ohkubo R, Inamizu S, Shiraishi W, Yamasaki R, Ohyagi Y, Kira J, Oya Y, Yabe H, Nishikawa N, Tobisawa S, Matsuda N, Masuda M, Kugimoto C, Fukushima K, Yano S, Yoshimura J, Doi K, Nakagawa M, Morishita S, Tsuji S, Takashima H
  Title
Mutations in MME cause an autosomal-recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2.
  Journal
Ann Neurol 79:659-72 (2016)
DOI:10.1002/ana.24612
Reference
PMID:23729695 (MARS1)
  Authors
Gonzalez M, McLaughlin H, Houlden H, Guo M, Yo-Tsen L, Hadjivassilious M, Speziani F, Yang XL, Antonellis A, Reilly MM, Zuchner S
  Title
Exome sequencing identifies a significant variant in methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MARS) in a family with late-onset CMT2.
  Journal
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84:1247-9 (2013)
DOI:10.1136/jnnp-2013-305049
Reference
PMID:25125609 (VCP)
  Authors
Gonzalez MA, Feely SM, Speziani F, Strickland AV, Danzi M, Bacon C, Lee Y, Chou TF, Blanton SH, Weihl CC, Zuchner S, Shy ME
  Title
A novel mutation in VCP causes Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2 disease.
  Journal
Brain 137:2897-902 (2014)
DOI:10.1093/brain/awu224
Reference
PMID:26659848 (MORC2)
  Authors
Albulym OM, Kennerson ML, Harms MB, Drew AP, Siddell AH, Auer-Grumbach M, Pestronk A, Connolly A, Baloh RH, Zuchner S, Reddel SW, Nicholson GA
  Title
MORC2 mutations cause axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with pyramidal signs.
  Journal
Ann Neurol 79:419-27 (2016)
DOI:10.1002/ana.24575
Reference
PMID:24799518 (SBF1)
  Authors
Alazami AM, Alzahrani F, Bohlega S, Alkuraya FS
  Title
SET binding factor 1 (SBF1) mutation causes Charcot-Marie-tooth disease type 4B3.
  Journal
Neurology 82:1665-6 (2014)
DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000331
Reference
PMID:19536174 (HK1)
  Authors
Hantke J, Chandler D, King R, Wanders RJ, Angelicheva D, Tournev I, McNamara E, Kwa M, Guergueltcheva V, Kaneva R, Baas F, Kalaydjieva L
  Title
A mutation in an alternative untranslated exon of hexokinase 1 associated with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy -- Russe (HMSNR).
  Journal
Eur J Hum Genet 17:1606-14 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/ejhg.2009.99
Reference
PMID:17564959 (FGD4)
  Authors
Delague V, Jacquier A, Hamadouche T, Poitelon Y, Baudot C, Boccaccio I, Chouery E, Chaouch M, Kassouri N, Jabbour R, Grid D, Megarbane A, Haase G, Levy N
  Title
Mutations in FGD4 encoding the Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor FRABIN cause autosomal recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4H.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 81:1-16 (2007)
DOI:10.1086/518428
Reference
PMID:21655088 (FIG4)
  Authors
Lenk GM, Ferguson CJ, Chow CY, Jin N, Jones JM, Grant AE, Zolov SN, Winters JJ, Giger RJ, Dowling JJ, Weisman LS, Meisler MH
  Title
Pathogenic mechanism of the FIG4 mutation responsible for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease CMT4J.
  Journal
PLoS Genet 7:e1002104 (2011)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002104
Reference
PMID:24027061 (SURF1)
  Authors
Echaniz-Laguna A, Ghezzi D, Chassagne M, Mayencon M, Padet S, Melchionda L, Rouvet I, Lannes B, Bozon D, Latour P, Zeviani M, Mousson de Camaret B
  Title
SURF1 deficiency causes demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Neurology 81:1523-30 (2013)
DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a4a518
Reference
PMID:27390132 (SLC25A46)
  Authors
Janer A, Prudent J, Paupe V, Fahiminiya S, Majewski J, Sgarioto N, Des Rosiers C, Forest A, Lin ZY, Gingras AC, Mitchell G, McBride HM, Shoubridge EA
  Title
SLC25A46 is required for mitochondrial lipid homeostasis and cristae maintenance and is responsible for Leigh syndrome.
  Journal
EMBO Mol Med 8:1019-38 (2016)
DOI:10.15252/emmm.201506159
Reference
PMID:31187503 (PDXK)
  Authors
Chelban V, Wilson MP, Warman Chardon J, Vandrovcova J, Zanetti MN, Zamba-Papanicolaou E, Efthymiou S, Pope S, Conte MR, Abis G, Liu YT, Tribollet E, Haridy NA, Botia JA, Ryten M, Nicolaou P, Minaidou A, Christodoulou K, Kernohan KD, Eaton A, Osmond M, Ito Y, Bourque P, Jepson JEC, Bello O, Bremner F, Cordivari C, Reilly MM, Foiani M, Heslegrave A, Zetterberg H, Heales SJR, Wood NW, Rothman JE, Boycott KM, Mills PB, Clayton PT, Houlden H
  Title
PDXK mutations cause polyneuropathy responsive to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate supplementation.
  Journal
Ann Neurol 86:225-240 (2019)
DOI:10.1002/ana.25524
Reference
PMID:23297365 (PDK3)
  Authors
Kennerson ML, Yiu EM, Chuang DT, Kidambi A, Tso SC, Ly C, Chaudhry R, Drew AP, Rance G, Delatycki MB, Zuchner S, Ryan MM, Nicholson GA
  Title
A new locus for X-linked dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTX6) is caused by mutations in the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 3 (PDK3) gene.
  Journal
Hum Mol Genet 22:1404-16 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/hmg/dds557
Reference
PMID:22187985 (INF2)
  Authors
Boyer O, Nevo F, Plaisier E, Funalot B, Gribouval O, Benoit G, Huynh Cong E, Arrondel C, Tete MJ, Montjean R, Richard L, Karras A, Pouteil-Noble C, Balafrej L, Bonnardeaux A, Canaud G, Charasse C, Dantal J, Deschenes G, Deteix P, Dubourg O, Petiot P, Pouthier D, Leguern E, Guiochon-Mantel A, Broutin I, Gubler MC, Saunier S, Ronco P, Vallat JM, Alonso MA, Antignac C, Mollet G
  Title
INF2 mutations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with glomerulopathy.
  Journal
N Engl J Med 365:2377-88 (2011)
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1109122
Reference
PMID:23434117 (GNB4)
  Authors
Soong BW, Huang YH, Tsai PC, Huang CC, Pan HC, Lu YC, Chien HJ, Liu TT, Chang MH, Lin KP, Tu PH, Kao LS, Lee YC
  Title
Exome sequencing identifies GNB4 mutations as a cause of dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 92:422-30 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.01.014
Reference
PMID:23777631 (PLEKHG5)
  Authors
Azzedine H, Zavadakova P, Plante-Bordeneuve V, Vaz Pato M, Pinto N, Bartesaghi L, Zenker J, Poirot O, Bernard-Marissal N, Arnaud Gouttenoire E, Cartoni R, Title A, Venturini G, Medard JJ, Makowski E, Schols L, Claeys KG, Stendel C, Roos A, Weis J, Dubourg O, Leal Loureiro J, Stevanin G, Said G, Amato A, Baraban J, LeGuern E, Senderek J, Rivolta C, Chrast R
  Title
PLEKHG5 deficiency leads to an intermediate form of autosomal-recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Hum Mol Genet 22:4224-32 (2013)
DOI:10.1093/hmg/ddt274
Reference
PMID:25152455 (COX6A1)
  Authors
Tamiya G, Makino S, Hayashi M, Abe A, Numakura C, Ueki M, Tanaka A, Ito C, Toshimori K, Ogawa N, Terashima T, Maegawa H, Yanagisawa D, Tooyama I, Tada M, Onodera O, Hayasaka K
  Title
A mutation of COX6A1 causes a recessive axonal or mixed form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 95:294-300 (2014)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.07.013
Reference
PMID:21576112 (FBLN5)
  Authors
Auer-Grumbach M, Weger M, Fink-Puches R, Papic L, Frohlich E, Auer-Grumbach P, El Shabrawi-Caelen L, Schabhuttl M, Windpassinger C, Senderek J, Budka H, Trajanoski S, Janecke AR, Haas A, Metze D, Pieber TR, Guelly C
  Title
Fibulin-5 mutations link inherited neuropathies, age-related macular degeneration and hyperelastic skin.
  Journal
Brain 134:1839-52 (2011)
DOI:10.1093/brain/awr076
Reference
PMID:33417887 (POLR3B)
  Authors
Djordjevic D, Pinard M, Gauthier MS, Smith-Hicks C, Hoffman TL, Wolf NI, Oegema R, van Binsbergen E, Baskin B, Bernard G, Fribourg S, Coulombe B, Yoon G
  Title
De novo variants in POLR3B cause ataxia, spasticity, and demyelinating neuropathy.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 108:186-193 (2021)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.12.002
Reference
PMID:24627108 (ITPR3)
  Authors
Schabhuttl M, Wieland T, Senderek J, Baets J, Timmerman V, De Jonghe P, Reilly MM, Stieglbauer K, Laich E, Windhager R, Erwa W, Trajanoski S, Strom TM, Auer-Grumbach M
  Title
Whole-exome sequencing in patients with inherited neuropathies: outcome and challenges.
  Journal
J Neurol 261:970-82 (2014)
DOI:10.1007/s00415-014-7289-8
Reference
PMID:25818867 (NAGLU)
  Authors
Tetreault M, Gonzalez M, Dicaire MJ, Allard P, Gehring K, Leblanc D, Leclerc N, Schondorf R, Mathieu J, Zuchner S, Brais B
  Title
Adult-onset painful axonal polyneuropathy caused by a dominant NAGLU mutation.
  Journal
Brain 138:1477-83 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/brain/awv074
Reference
PMID:26556829 (SPG11)
  Authors
Montecchiani C, Pedace L, Lo Giudice T, Casella A, Mearini M, Gaudiello F, Pedroso JL, Terracciano C, Caltagirone C, Massa R, St George-Hyslop PH, Barsottini OG, Kawarai T, Orlacchio A
  Title
ALS5/SPG11/KIAA1840 mutations cause autosomal recessive axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
Brain 139:73-85 (2016)
DOI:10.1093/brain/awv320
Reference
PMID:27485015 (SLC12A6)
  Authors
Kahle KT, Flores B, Bharucha-Goebel D, Zhang J, Donkervoort S, Hegde M, Hussain G, Duran D, Liang B, Sun D, Bonnemann CG, Delpire E
  Title
Peripheral motor neuropathy is associated with defective kinase regulation of the KCC3 cotransporter.
  Journal
Sci Signal 9:ra77 (2016)
DOI:10.1126/scisignal.aae0546
Reference
PMID:28754666 (BAG3)
  Authors
Shy M, Rebelo AP, Feely SM, Abreu LA, Tao F, Swenson A, Bacon C, Zuchner S
  Title
Mutations in BAG3 cause adult-onset Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
  Journal
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 89:313-315 (2018)
DOI:10.1136/jnnp-2017-315929
Reference
PMID:41086021 (ARHGAP19)
  Authors
Dominik N, Efthymiou S, Record CJ, Miao X, Lin RQ, Parmar JM, Scardamaglia A, Maroofian R, Lowe SA, Aughey GN, Wilson AD, Curro R, Schnekenberg RP, Alavi S, Leclaire L, He Y, Zhelcheska K, Bellaiche Y, Gaugue I, Skorupinska M, Van de Vondel L, Da'as SI, Turchetti V, Gungor S, Monahan GV, Ghayoor Karimiani E, Jamshidi Y, Lamont PJ, Armirola-Ricaurte C, Topaloglu H, Jordanova A, Zaman M, Banu SH, Marques W, Tomaselli PJ, Aynekin B, Cansu A, Per H, Gulec A, Alvi JR, Sultan T, Khan A, Zifarelli G, Ibrahim S, Mancini GMS, Motazacker MM, Brusse E, Lupo V, Sevilla T, Basak AN, Tekgul S, Palvadeau RJ, Baets J, Parman Y, Cakar A, Horvath R, Haack TB, Stahl JH, Grundmann-Hauser K, Park J, Zuchner S, Laing NG, Wilson LA, Rossor AM, Polke J, Figueiredo FB, Pessoa A, Kok F, Coimbra-Neto AR, Franca MC Jr, Ravenscroft G, Hamed SA, Chung WK, Pittman AM, Osborn DP, Hanna M, Cortese A, Reilly MM, Jepson JE, Lamarche-Vane N, Houlden H
  Title
Biallelic variants in ARHGAP19 cause a progressive inherited motor-predominant neuropathy.
  Journal
J Clin Invest 135:184474 (2025)
DOI:10.1172/JCI184474
Reference
PMID:40814755 (DARS2)
  Authors
Estevez-Arias B, Sarv S, Bonello-Palot N, Carrera-Garcia L, Ortez C, Exposito-Escudero J, Yubero D, Muchart J, Delmont E, Oiglane-Shlik E, Meren T, Puusepp S, Murumets U, Salomons GS, Udd B, Vali L, Cantarero L, Bonnemann CG, Nascimento A, Ramon-Maiques S, Ounap K, Hoenicka J, Natera-de Benito D, Palau F
  Title
Biallelic Variants in the DARS2 Gene as a Novel Cause of Axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease.
  Journal
Ann Neurol 98:1335-1351 (2025)
DOI:10.1002/ana.78005
Reference
PMID:40830826 (COX18)
  Authors
Armirola-Ricaurte C, Morant L, Adant I, Hamed SA, Pipis M, Efthymiou S, Amor-Barris S, Atkinson D, Van de Vondel L, Tomic A, Seneca S, de Vriendt E, Zuchner S, Ghesquiere B, Hanna MG, Houlden H, Lunn MP, Reilly MM, Milic Rasic V, Jordanova A
  Title
Biallelic variants in COX18 cause a mitochondrial disorder primarily manifesting as peripheral neuropathy.
  Journal
Brain 149:178-193 (2026)
DOI:10.1093/brain/awaf300
Reference
PMID:22883144 (HMSNO)
  Authors
Ishiura H, Sako W, Yoshida M, Kawarai T, Tanabe O, Goto J, Takahashi Y, Date H, Mitsui J, Ahsan B, Ichikawa Y, Iwata A, Yoshino H, Izumi Y, Fujita K, Maeda K, Goto S, Koizumi H, Morigaki R, Ikemura M, Yamauchi N, Murayama S, Nicholson GA, Ito H, Sobue G, Nakagawa M, Kaji R, Tsuji S
  Title
The TRK-fused gene is mutated in hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 91:320-9 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.07.014
LinkDB

» Japanese version

KEGG   DISEASE: Polymicrogyria
Entry
H00271                      Disease                                
Name
Polymicrogyria
  Subgroup
Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP/CDCBM14A)
Bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria, autosomal recessive (BPPR/CDCBM14B)
Bilateral temporooccipital polymicrogyria (BTOP)
Polymicrogyria, perisylvian, with cerebellar hypoplasia and arthrogryposis (PMGYCHA)
Polymicrogyria with or without vascular-type EDS (PMGEDSV)
  Supergrp
Neuronal migration disorder [DS:H01835]
Description
Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a malformation of cortical development characterized by an excessive number of small gyri with abnormal lamination.
Category
Congenital malformation
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
 20 Developmental anomalies
  Structural developmental anomalies primarily affecting one body system
   Structural developmental anomalies of the nervous system
    LA05  Cerebral structural developmental anomalies
     H00271  Polymicrogyria
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
 Cellular process
  nt06551  Lysosome
   H00271  Polymicrogyria
  nt06539  Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
   H00271  Polymicrogyria
Pathway
hsa04820  Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
hsa00562  Inositol phosphate metabolism
Network
nt06539 Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
nt06551 Lysosome
Gene
(BFPP/BFPR) ADGRG1 [HSA:9289] [KO:K08450]
(BTOP) FIG4 [HSA:9896] [KO:K22913]
(PMGYCHA) PI4KA [HSA:5297] [KO:K00888]
(PMGEDSV) COL3A1 [HSA:1281] [KO:K19720]
Comment
BFPP and BFPR are also known as complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations (CDCBM14A/14B). Please refer to the entry of CDCBM [DS:H01881].
Other DBs
ICD-11: LA05.50
MeSH: D054220
OMIM: 612691 616531 618343
Reference
  Authors
Guerrini R, Dobyns WB, Barkovich AJ
  Title
Abnormal development of the human cerebral cortex: genetics, functional consequences and treatment options.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 31:154-62 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.tins.2007.12.004
Reference
PMID:15863665 (BFPP/ BFPR)
  Authors
Jansen A, Andermann E
  Title
Genetics of the polymicrogyria syndromes.
  Journal
J Med Genet 42:369-78 (2005)
DOI:10.1136/jmg.2004.023952
Reference
PMID:24598713 (BTOP)
  Authors
Baulac S, Lenk GM, Dufresnois B, Ouled Amar Bencheikh B, Couarch P, Renard J, Larson PA, Ferguson CJ, Noe E, Poirier K, Hubans C, Ferreira S, Guerrini R, Ouazzani R, El Hachimi KH, Meisler MH, Leguern E
  Title
Role of the phosphoinositide phosphatase FIG4 gene in familial epilepsy with polymicrogyria.
  Journal
Neurology 82:1068-75 (2014)
DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000241
Reference
PMID:25855803 (PMGYCHA)
  Authors
Pagnamenta AT, Howard MF, Wisniewski E, Popitsch N, Knight SJ, Keays DA, Quaghebeur G, Cox H, Cox P, Balla T, Taylor JC, Kini U
  Title
Germline recessive mutations in PI4KA are associated with perisylvian polymicrogyria, cerebellar hypoplasia and arthrogryposis.
  Journal
Hum Mol Genet 24:3732-41 (2015)
DOI:10.1093/hmg/ddv117
Reference
PMID:28742248 (PMGEDSV)
  Authors
Horn D, Siebert E, Seidel U, Rost I, Mayer K, Abou Jamra R, Mitter D, Kornak U
  Title
Biallelic COL3A1 mutations result in a clinical spectrum of specific structural brain anomalies and connective tissue abnormalities.
  Journal
Am J Med Genet A 173:2534-2538 (2017)
DOI:10.1002/ajmg.a.38345
LinkDB

» Japanese version

KEGG   DISEASE: Yunis-Varon syndrome
Entry
H02127                      Disease                                
Name
Yunis-Varon syndrome
Description
Yunis-Varon syndrome (YVS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by limb defects, ossification defects, generalized hypotrichosis and, frequently, a severe neonatal course. Frameshift and missense mutations of FIG4 in affected individuals from unrelated families have been identified. FIG4 encodes a phosphoinositide phosphatase required for regulation of PI(3,5)P2 levels, and thus endosomal trafficking and autophagy.
Category
Congenital malformation
Brite
Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
 20 Developmental anomalies
  Multiple developmental anomalies or syndromes
   LD24  Syndromes with skeletal anomalies as a major feature
    H02127  Yunis-Varon syndrome
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
 Cellular process
  nt06551  Lysosome
   H02127  Yunis-Varon syndrome
Pathway
hsa00562  Inositol phosphate metabolism
Network
nt06551 Lysosome
Gene
FIG4 [HSA:9896] [KO:K22913]
Other DBs
ICD-11: LD24.23
MeSH: C536719
OMIM: 216340
Reference
PMID:7395825
  Authors
Yunis E, Varon H
  Title
Cleidocranial dysostosis, severe micrognathism, bilateral absence of thumbs and first metatarsal bone, and distal aphalangia: a new genetic syndrome.
  Journal
Am J Dis Child 134:649-53 (1980)
DOI:10.1001/archpedi.1980.02130190017005
Reference
  Authors
Campeau PM, Lenk GM, Lu JT, Bae Y, Burrage L, Turnpenny P, Roman Corona-Rivera J, Morandi L, Mora M, Reutter H, Vulto-van Silfhout AT, Faivre L, Haan E, Gibbs RA, Meisler MH, Lee BH
  Title
Yunis-Varon syndrome is caused by mutations in FIG4, encoding a phosphoinositide phosphatase.
  Journal
Am J Hum Genet 92:781-91 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.03.020
Reference
  Authors
Basel-Vanagaite L, Kornreich L, Schiller O, Yacobovich J, Merlob P
  Title
Yunis-Varon syndrome: further delineation of the phenotype.
  Journal
Am J Med Genet A 146A:532-7 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/ajmg.a.32135
LinkDB

» Japanese version

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