Entry Name Glutamatergic synapse - Felis catus (domestic cat)
Description Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system(CNS). Glutamate is packaged into synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal. Once released into the synaptic cleft, glutamate acts on postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) to mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission. Glutamate can also act on metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and exert a variety of modulatory effects through their coupling to G proteins and the subsequent recruitment of second messenger systems. Presynaptically localized Group II and Group III mGluRs are thought to represent the classical inhibitory autoreceptor mechanism that suppresses excess glutamate release. After its action on these receptors, glutamate can be removed from the synaptic cleft by EAATs located either on the presynaptic terminal, neighboring glial cells, or the postsynaptic neuron. In glia, glutamate is converted to glutamine, which is then transported back to the presynaptic terminal and converted back to glutamate.
Class Organismal Systems; Nervous systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Organism Felis catus (domestic cat) [GN:
fca ]
Gene 101081809 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 isoform X1 [KO:K04539 ]
101081928 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04541 ]
101082021 GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208 ]
101082923 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
101083092 SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990 ]
101083348 SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K14207 ]
101084346 GNG14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
101084799 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
101085917 GRIK4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 4 [KO:K05204 ]
101085990 SHANK3; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15009 ]
101086526 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
101086580 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
101086926 PPP3CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
101087993 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
101088179 KCNJ3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997 ]
101088219 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
101088394 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X8 [KO:K04851 ]
101088476 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
101088878 SHANK2; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15009 ]
101088915 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
101089378 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
101089440 GRIK2; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05202 ]
101089679 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
101090005 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101090033 GRIK3; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05203 ]
101090817 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X2 [KO:K04544 ]
101090942 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101091560 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
101091740 GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C isoform X1 [KO:K05211 ]
101091855 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
101092169 SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576 ]
101092262 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101092837 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
101092961 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
101093035 SLC1A7; excitatory amino acid transporter 5 isoform X2 [KO:K05618 ]
101093097 PPP3CC; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
101093317 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
101094708 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04634 ]
101094736 GRIN3B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B isoform X3 [KO:K05214 ]
101094827 CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X7 [KO:K04344 ]
101095061 GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D isoform X1 [KO:K05212 ]
101096052 LZTS3; leucine zipper putative tumor suppressor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K26472 ]
101096184 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
101096579 SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12302 ]
101096835 TRPC1; short transient receptor potential channel 1 isoform X3 [KO:K04964 ]
101097144 PPP3CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
101097165 GRIK1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05201 ]
101097491 GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
101098262 GRIN3A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A isoform X1 [KO:K05213 ]
101098420 SHANK1; SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15009 ]
101098776 SLC1A6; excitatory amino acid transporter 4 isoform X1 [KO:K05617 ]
101100320 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630 ]
101100546 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04958 ]
101101230 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959 ]
101101353 GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04534 ]
111557526 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
111561761 GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
493929 SLC1A2; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 [KO:K05613 ]
Compound C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference Authors Niswender CM, Conn PJ
Title Metabotropic glutamate receptors: physiology, pharmacology, and disease.
Journal Reference Authors Ferraguti F, Crepaldi L, Nicoletti F
Title Metabotropic glutamate 1 receptor: current concepts and perspectives.
Journal Reference Authors Hermans E, Challiss RA
Title Structural, signalling and regulatory properties of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptors: prototypic family C G-protein-coupled receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Kim CH, Lee J, Lee JY, Roche KW
Title Metabotropic glutamate receptors: phosphorylation and receptor signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Meador-Woodruff JH, Clinton SM, Beneyto M, McCullumsmith RE
Title Molecular abnormalities of the glutamate synapse in the thalamus in schizophrenia.
Journal Reference Authors Sanacora G, Zarate CA, Krystal JH, Manji HK
Title Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders.
Journal Reference Authors Gass JT, Olive MF
Title Glutamatergic substrates of drug addiction and alcoholism.
Journal Reference Authors Palmada M, Centelles JJ
Title Excitatory amino acid neurotransmission. Pathways for metabolism, storage and reuptake of glutamate in brain.
Journal Reference Authors Schoepp DD
Title Unveiling the functions of presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in the central nervous system.
Journal J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299:12-20 (2001)
Reference Authors de Jong AP, Verhage M
Title Presynaptic signal transduction pathways that modulate synaptic transmission.
Journal Reference Authors Pinheiro PS, Mulle C
Title Presynaptic glutamate receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of action.
Journal Reference Authors Byrnes KR, Loane DJ, Faden AI
Title Metabotropic glutamate receptors as targets for multipotential treatment of neurological disorders.
Journal Reference Authors Conti F, Weinberg RJ
Title Shaping excitation at glutamatergic synapses.
Journal Reference Authors Sheng M, Kim MJ
Title Postsynaptic signaling and plasticity mechanisms.
Journal Related KO pathway
