Entry
Name
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling - Lemur catta (Ring-tailed lemur)
Description
Endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) serve as retrograde messengers at synapses in various regions of the brain. The family of endocannabinoids includes at least five derivatives of arachidonic acid; the two best characterized are arachydonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, AEA) and 2-arachydonoil glycerol (2AG). They are released from postsynaptic neurons upon postsynaptic depolarization and/or receptor activation. The released endocannabinoids then activate the CB1 receptors (CB1R) at presynaptic terminals and suppress the release of inhibitory transmitter GABA (depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition, DSI) or excitatory transmitter glutamate (depolarization-induced suppression of excitation, DSE) by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. Besides the well-known expression of the CB1R in the plasma membrane, this receptor is also present in mitochondrial membranes, where it reduces the mitochondrial respiration and contributes to DSI. Whereas DSI and DSE result in short-term synaptic plasticity, endocannabinoids also mediate long-term synaptic changes (eCB-LTD). Persistent activation of CB1 receptors over a period of minutes triggers eCB-LTD by a RIM1alpha-dependent mechanism.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
lcat04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
Other DBs
Organism
Lemur catta (Ring-tailed lemur) [GN:
lcat ]
Gene
123620748 GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
123622057 PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
123622065 PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
123622795 GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
123623167 CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851 ]
123623249 GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
123623574 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958 ]
123623917 GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
123624085 GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186 ]
123624366 PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
123624681 NDUFA3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03947 ]
123624805 GABRB1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181 ]
123624857 GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05175 ]
123624869 GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175 ]
123625313 GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534 ]
123626819 CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857 ]
123627584 GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
123628649 NDUFB11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial [KO:K11351 ]
123628685 GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192 ]
123628686 GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05175 ]
123628692 GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185 ]
123628789 NDUFA1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 1 [KO:K03945 ]
123628833 CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X1 [KO:K04853 ]
123630284 GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
123630288 NDUFB5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial [KO:K03961 ]
123630502 NDUFB4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 4 [KO:K03960 ]
123630738 KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000 ]
123630777 NDUFV3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03944 ]
123631427 GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
123631474 NDUFB10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10 [KO:K03966 ]
123631640 GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
123632797 NDUFS7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03940 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
123632820 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04960 ]
123632992 RIMS1; regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15291 ]
123633062 GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05190 ]
123633064 GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190 ]
123633190 GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
123634750 GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184 ]
123635002 GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630 ]
123635181 KCNJ9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002 ]
123635220 NDUFS2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03935 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
123635536 GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
123635558 NDUFA7; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 7 isoform X1 [KO:K03951 ]
123635724 NDUFS5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5 [KO:K03938 ]
123636000 GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
123636458 NDUFA11; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 11 [KO:K03956 ]
123637148 GNG14; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
123637429 CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344 ]
123637866 NDUFA2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2 [KO:K03946 ]
123637995 GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186 ]
123637997 GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175 ]
123637998 GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181 ]
123638412 NDUFA13; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13 [KO:K11353 ]
123638560 NDUFC1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 subunit C1, mitochondrial [KO:K03967 ]
123638879 GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175 ]
123639396 SLC17A8; vesicular glutamate transporter 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12302 ]
123639435 NDUFA12; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12 [KO:K11352 ]
123639613 NDUFA4L2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 4-like 2 [KO:K03948 ]
123639915 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959 ]
123640104 GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
123640141 NDUFA9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9, mitochondrial [KO:K03953 ]
123640189 CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
123640284 NDUFA6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03950 ]
123640996 KCNJ5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999 ]
123641343 GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
123641430 PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
123641680 SLC17A6; vesicular glutamate transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12302 ]
123642471 GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190 ]
123642684 NDUFS3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial [KO:K03936 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
123642823 NDUFS8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial [KO:K03941 ] [EC:7.1.1.2 ]
123643345 KCNJ3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04997 ]
123643524 NDUFA10; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10, mitochondrial [KO:K03954 ]
123643900 NDUFB3; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3 [KO:K03959 ]
123644398 GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186 ]
123644439 NDUFB9; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9 [KO:K03965 ]
123644640 GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05181 ]
123645191 GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175 ]
123645245 NDUFB1; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03957 ]
123645738 NDUFA8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8 [KO:K03952 ]
123646230 NDUFB6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 6 [KO:K03962 ]
123646308 GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
123646347 CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849 ]
123646542 GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04545 ]
123647080 NAPEPLD; N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D isoform X1 [KO:K13985 ] [EC:3.1.4.54 ]
123647150 GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
123647151 GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
123647376 GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
123647452 NDUFA5; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 [KO:K03949 ]
123647646 NDUFB2; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K03958 ]
123648206 NDUFS6; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03939 ]
123648644 NDUFS4; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial [KO:K03937 ]
123650126 NDUFB8; NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K03964 ]
Compound
C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C00689 alpha,alpha'-Trehalose 6-phosphate
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C19912 N-Arachidonoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine
Reference
Authors
Hashimotodani Y, Ohno-Shosaku T, Kano M
Title
Ca(2+)-assisted receptor-driven endocannabinoid release: mechanisms that associate presynaptic and postsynaptic activities.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohno-Shosaku T, Tanimura A, Hashimotodani Y, Kano M
Title
Endocannabinoids and retrograde modulation of synaptic transmission.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Basavarajappa BS
Title
Neuropharmacology of the endocannabinoid signaling system-molecular mechanisms, biological actions and synaptic plasticity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pacher P, Batkai S, Kunos G
Title
The endocannabinoid system as an emerging target of pharmacotherapy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Marzo V, Bifulco M, De Petrocellis L
Title
The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic exploitation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hashimotodani Y, Ohno-Shosaku T, Kano M
Title
Endocannabinoids and synaptic function in the CNS.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kano M, Ohno-Shosaku T, Hashimotodani Y, Uchigashima M, Watanabe M
Title
Endocannabinoid-mediated control of synaptic transmission.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Regehr WG, Carey MR, Best AR
Title
Activity-dependent regulation of synapses by retrograde messengers.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benarroch E
Title
Endocannabinoids in basal ganglia circuits: implications for Parkinson disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ohno-Shosaku T, Hashimotodani Y, Maejima T, Kano M
Title
Calcium signaling and synaptic modulation: regulation of endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic modulation by calcium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harkany T, Mackie K, Doherty P
Title
Wiring and firing neuronal networks: endocannabinoids take center stage.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hosking RD, Zajicek JP
Title
Therapeutic potential of cannabis in pain medicine.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Di Marzo V
Title
Endocannabinoid signaling in the brain: biosynthetic mechanisms in the limelight.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McPartland JM
Title
The endocannabinoid system: an osteopathic perspective.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Chevaleyre V, Heifets BD, Kaeser PS, Sudhof TC, Castillo PE
Title
Endocannabinoid-mediated long-term plasticity requires cAMP/PKA signaling and RIM1alpha.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lafourcade CA
Title
Presynaptic mechanisms of endocannabinoid-mediated long-term depression in the hippocampus.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ueda N, Tsuboi K, Uyama T, Ohnishi T
Title
Biosynthesis and degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Guo J, Ikeda SR
Title
Endocannabinoids modulate N-type calcium channels and G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels via CB1 cannabinoid receptors heterologously expressed in mammalian neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Benard G, Massa F, Puente N, Lourenco J, Bellocchio L, Soria-Gomez E, Matias I, Delamarre A, Metna-Laurent M, Cannich A, Hebert-Chatelain E, Mulle C, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Martin-Fontecha M, Klugmann M, Guggenhuber S, Lutz B, Gertsch J, Chaouloff F, Lopez-Rodriguez ML, Grandes P, Rossignol R, Marsicano G
Title
Mitochondrial CB(1) receptors regulate neuronal energy metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Busquets-Garcia A, Desprez T, Metna-Laurent M, Bellocchio L, Marsicano G, Soria-Gomez E
Title
Dissecting the cannabinergic control of behavior: The where matters.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Harkany T, Horvath TL
Title
(S)Pot on Mitochondria: Cannabinoids Disrupt Cellular Respiration to Limit Neuronal Activity.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Alger BE, Tang AH
Title
Do cannabinoids reduce brain power?
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway