KEGG   PATHWAY: otc04140
Entry
otc04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Onychostruthus taczanowskii (white-rumped snowfinch)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
otc04140  Autophagy - animal
otc04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Onychostruthus taczanowskii (white-rumped snowfinch) [GN:otc]
Gene
121331430  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein [KO:K20183]
121331575  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
121331690  LAMP2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 [KO:K06528]
121331745  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121331759  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
121331863  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
121331873  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
121331979  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
121332076  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
121332124  [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121332208  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121332260  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
121332297  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
121332389  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20181]
121332623  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
121332625  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 [KO:K21247]
121332631  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121332741  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
121332765  KRAS; GTPase KRas [KO:K07827]
121332972  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
121333099  [KO:K20402]
121333275  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121333277  CTSL; procathepsin L isoform X1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
121333595  [KO:K07925]
121333663  ATG12; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
121333844  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
121333853  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
121333945  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121334108  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
121334311  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 isoform X1 [KO:K19730]
121334331  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]
121334348  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
121334404  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
121334488  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
121334599  ERN2; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
121334611  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121334866  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
121335082  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
121335198  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121335278  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
121335316  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
121335368  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
121335442  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650]
121335464  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
121335729  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
121335752  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121335900  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
121335921  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
121336046  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
121336062  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
121336162  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 [KO:K21246]
121336482  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
121336528  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121336813  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
121336850  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
121337212  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
121337266  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog [KO:K21245]
121337412  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
121337596  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121337830  STX17; syntaxin-17 isoform X1 [KO:K08491]
121337985  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb isoform X1 [KO:K07208]
121338131  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
121338136  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
121338255  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR [KO:K07204]
121338295  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
121338306  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
121338578  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
121338836  UBC; polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
121338848  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
121338878  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
121338948  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
121339005  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121339021  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121339227  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
121339472  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
121339572  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
121339681  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121339809  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
121339886  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121339917  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
121339974  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
121340050  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
121340093  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
121340545  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121340565  OPTN; optineurin isoform X1 [KO:K19946]
121340717  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
121340783  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
121341129  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
121341146  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
121341222  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
121341264  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 [KO:K23610]
121341411  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
121341480  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
121341518  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
121341561  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
121341643  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
121341769  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
121341824  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
121341975  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
121342002  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121342083  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121342130  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121342655  RPS27A; ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
121342842  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
121343099  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
121343147  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
121343296  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
121343563  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
121343885  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121343951  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
121344497  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
121344866  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
121344869  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
121344945  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
121344962  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
121344995  [KO:K02649]
121345038  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 [KO:K11248]
121345039  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
121345286  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
121345464  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
121345615  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
121345673  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
121345739  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121345773  UBB; polyubiquitin-B [KO:K08770]
121346050  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
121346077  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
121346221  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
121346233  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
121346499  [KO:K16185]
121346688  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
121346730  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
121346757  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121346775  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
121346864  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
121346999  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121347066  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
121347122  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
121347129  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
121347146  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
121347177  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
121347200  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
121347450  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
121347541  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A isoform X1 [KO:K07901]
121347591  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
121347720  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
121347768  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
121348123  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
121348231  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121348245  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 [KO:K08337]
121348307  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
121348323  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
121348351  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
121348363  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
otc04010  MAPK signaling pathway
otc04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
otc04142  Lysosome biogenesis
otc04150  mTOR signaling pathway
otc04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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