KEGG PATHWAY: csab05150

PATHWAY: csab05150

Entry

csab05150                   Pathway

Name

Staphylococcus aureus infection - Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey)

Description

Staphylococcus aureus can cause multiple forms of infections ranging from superficial skin infections to food poisoning and life-threatening infections. The organism has several ways to divert the effectiveness of the immune system: secreting immune modulating proteins that inhibit complement activation and neutrophil chemotaxis or lysis, modulating the sensitivity to cationic antimicrobial peptides (such as defensin) by increasing the positive net charge of its cytoplasmic membrane, and expression of superantigens that prevent development of a normal immune response or cause an emetic response when ingested.

Class

Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterial

Pathway map

csab05150

Staphylococcus aureus infection

Organism

Chlorocebus sabaeus (green monkey) [GN:csab]

Gene

103243860

keratin, type I cytoskeletal 42-like [KO:K07604]

103243443

KRT14; keratin 14 [KO:K07604]

103243444

KRT16; keratin 16 [KO:K07604]

103243446

keratin, type I cytoskeletal 17 [KO:K07604]

103243448

KRT9; keratin 9 [KO:K07604]

103243449

KRT19; keratin 19 [KO:K07604]

103243450

KRT15; keratin 15 [KO:K07604]

103243451

KRT13; keratin 13 [KO:K07604]

103243452

KRT36; keratin 36 [KO:K07604]

103243453

KRT35; keratin 35 [KO:K07604]

103243454

KRT32; keratin 32 [KO:K07604]

103243456

keratin, type I cuticular Ha7-like [KO:K07604]

103243457

KRT38; keratin 38 [KO:K07604]

103243458

keratin, type I cuticular Ha7-like [KO:K07604]

103243459

keratin, type I cuticular Ha1 [KO:K07604]

103243460

KRT34; keratin 34 [KO:K07604]

103243461

KRT33B; keratin 33B [KO:K07604]

103243462

keratin, type I cuticular Ha3-I [KO:K07604]

103243486

KRT10; keratin 10 [KO:K07604]

103243488

KRT12; keratin 12 [KO:K07604]

103243489

KRT20; keratin 20 [KO:K07604]

103243491

KRT23; keratin 23 [KO:K07604]

103243492

KRT39; keratin 39 [KO:K07604]

103243493

KRT40; keratin 40 [KO:K07604]

103243501

KRT24; keratin 24 [KO:K07604]

103243503

KRT25; keratin 25 [KO:K07604]

103243505

KRT27; keratin 27 [KO:K07604]

103243506

KRT28; keratin 28 [KO:K07604]

103238803

keratin, type I cytoskeletal 18 [KO:K07604]

103239494

KRT18; keratin 18 [KO:K07604]

103236421

FGG; fibrinogen gamma chain [KO:K03905]

103234342

C3; complement C3 [KO:K03990]

108449896

CFB; complement factor B [KO:K01335] [EC:3.4.21.47]

103233571

CFD; complement factor D [KO:K01334] [EC:3.4.21.46]

103230382

CFH; complement factor H [KO:K04004]

103215928

mannose-binding protein A-like [KO:K03991]

103216183

MBL2; mannose binding lectin 2 [KO:K03991]

103241880

MASP1; mannan binding lectin serine peptidase 1 [KO:K03992] [EC:3.4.21.-]

103225618

MASP2; mannan binding lectin serine peptidase 2 [KO:K03993] [EC:3.4.21.104]

103229828

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103224088

uncharacterized LOC103224088 [KO:K06856]

103229820

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103229838

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103229839

uncharacterized LOC103229839 [KO:K06856]

103229845

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103229849

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103229850

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103229864

uncharacterized LOC103229864 [KO:K06856]

103247608

uncharacterized LOC103247608 [KO:K06856]

103229935

uncharacterized LOC103229935 [KO:K06856]

103229939

putative V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing-like protein IGHV4OR15-8 [KO:K06856]

103229942

uncharacterized LOC103229942 [KO:K06856]

103229943

uncharacterized LOC103229943 [KO:K06856]

103225410

C1QA; complement C1q A chain [KO:K03986]

103225408

C1QB; complement C1q B chain [KO:K03987]

103225409

C1QC; complement C1q C chain [KO:K03988]

103218858

C1R; complement C1r [KO:K01330] [EC:3.4.21.41]

103218499

complement C1s subcomponent [KO:K01331] [EC:3.4.21.42]

103218857

C1S; complement C1s [KO:K01331] [EC:3.4.21.42]

103221735

C2; complement component 2 [KO:K01332] [EC:3.4.21.43]

103221723

C4B; complement component 4B [KO:K03989]

103221732

complement C4-A-like [KO:K03989]

103218914

C5; complement C5 [KO:K03994]

103218520

C3AR1; complement C3a receptor 1 [KO:K04009]

103234937

C5AR1; complement C5a receptor 1 [KO:K04010]

103247163

high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I [KO:K06498]

103223676

FCGR2A; Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIa [KO:K06472]

103223672

FCGR2B; Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIb [KO:K12560]

103223675

low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III [KO:K06463]

103235282

FCAR; Fc fragment of IgA receptor [KO:K06513]

103235147

FPR2; formyl peptide receptor 2 [KO:K04173]

103235155

FPR3; formyl peptide receptor 3 [KO:K04173]

103235144

FPR1; formyl peptide receptor 1 [KO:K04172]

103240838

PLG; plasminogen [KO:K01315] [EC:3.4.21.7]

103236106

CFI; complement factor I [KO:K01333] [EC:3.4.21.45]

103239073

SELPLG; selectin P ligand [KO:K06544]

103230618

SELP; selectin P [KO:K06496]

103233893

ICAM1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [KO:K06490]

103231906

ITGAL; integrin subunit alpha L [KO:K05718]

103231383

ITGAM; integrin subunit alpha M [KO:K06461]

103220048

ITGB2; integrin subunit beta 2 [KO:K06464]

103215297

DEFB1; defensin beta 1 [KO:K23125]

103215308

DEFB4B; defensin beta 4B [KO:K21100]

103215309

beta-defensin 103 [KO:K23126]

103215303

theta defensin subunit A [KO:K05230]

103215301

defensin-6-like [KO:K05230]

103215304

DEFA1; defensin alpha 1 [KO:K05230]

103247085

neutrophil defensin 4-like [KO:K05230]

103247087

neutrophil defensin 6-like [KO:K05230]

103227575

CAMP; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide [KO:K13916]

103222580

DSG1; desmoglein 1 [KO:K07596]

103227080

uncharacterized LOC103227080 [KO:K10785]

103227095

uncharacterized LOC103227095 [KO:K10785]

103221682

MHC-DPB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP beta 1 [KO:K06752]

103221683

MHC-DPA1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 [KO:K06752]

103221684

MHC-DOA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO alpha [KO:K06752]

103221688

MHC-DMA; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain [KO:K06752]

103221689

MHC-DMB; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DM beta [KO:K06752]

103221695

MHC-DOB; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO beta [KO:K06752]

103221696

MHC-DQB1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1 [KO:K06752]

103221698

MHC-DQA1; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 [KO:K06752]

103221700

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-4 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]

103221702

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-4 beta chain [KO:K06752]

103221704

MHC-DRA; major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha [KO:K06752]

103247136

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain [KO:K06752]

103247138

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain-like [KO:K06752]

103247148

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-15 beta chain [KO:K06752]

103225270

PTAFR; platelet activating factor receptor [KO:K04279]

103230190

IL10; interleukin 10 [KO:K05443]

Compound

C11596

FMLP

C20898

Lipoteichoic acid

Reference

PMID:20178484

Authors

Foster TJ

Title

Colonization and infection of the human host by staphylococci: adhesion, survival and immune evasion.

Journal

Vet Dermatol 20:456-70 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2009.00825.x

Reference

PMID:16322743

Authors

Foster TJ

Title

Immune evasion by staphylococci.

Journal

Nat Rev Microbiol 3:948-58 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro1289

Reference

PMID:20062962

Authors

Laarman A, Milder F, van Strijp J, Rooijakkers S

Title

Complement inhibition by gram-positive pathogens: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Journal

J Mol Med 88:115-20 (2010)
DOI:10.1007/s00109-009-0572-y

Reference

PMID:16242332

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Staphylococcal innate immune evasion.

Journal

Trends Microbiol 13:596-601 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2005.10.002

Reference

PMID:16679003

Authors

Iwatsuki K, Yamasaki O, Morizane S, Oono T

Title

Staphylococcal cutaneous infections: invasion, evasion and aggression.

Journal

J Dermatol Sci 42:203-14 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2006.03.011

Reference

PMID:11361034

Authors

Torres BA, Kominsky S, Perrin GQ, Hobeika AC, Johnson HM

Title

Superantigens: the good, the bad, and the ugly.

Journal

Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 226:164-76 (2001)
DOI:10.1177/153537020122600303

Reference

PMID:18061675

Authors

Atkins KL, Burman JD, Chamberlain ES, Cooper JE, Poutrel B, Bagby S, Jenkins AT, Feil EJ, van den Elsen JM

Title

S. aureus IgG-binding proteins SpA and Sbi: host specificity and mechanisms of immune complex formation.

Journal

Mol Immunol 45:1600-11 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.10.021

Reference

PMID:16724100

Authors

Silverman GJ, Goodyear CS

Title

Confounding B-cell defences: lessons from a staphylococcal superantigen.

Journal

Nat Rev Immunol 6:465-75 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nri1853

Reference

PMID:15273292

Authors

Goodyear CS, Silverman GJ

Title

Staphylococcal toxin induced preferential and prolonged in vivo deletion of innate-like B lymphocytes.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:11392-7 (2004)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0404382101

Reference

PMID:19112495

Authors

Haupt K, Reuter M, van den Elsen J, Burman J, Halbich S, Richter J, Skerka C, Zipfel PF

Title

The Staphylococcus aureus protein Sbi acts as a complement inhibitor and forms a tripartite complex with host complement Factor H and C3b.

Journal

PLoS Pathog 4:e1000250 (2008)
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000250

Reference

PMID:16111912

Authors

Bokarewa MI, Jin T, Tarkowski A

Title

Staphylococcus aureus: Staphylokinase.

Journal

Int J Biochem Cell Biol 38:504-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.07.005

Reference

PMID:16086019

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, Ruyken M, Roos A, Daha MR, Presanis JS, Sim RB, van Wamel WJ, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Immune evasion by a staphylococcal complement inhibitor that acts on C3 convertases.

Journal

Nat Immunol 6:920-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/ni1235

Reference

PMID:19503103

Authors

Rooijakkers SH, Wu J, Ruyken M, van Domselaar R, Planken KL, Tzekou A, Ricklin D, Lambris JD, Janssen BJ, van Strijp JA, Gros P

Title

Structural and functional implications of the alternative complement pathway C3 convertase stabilized by a staphylococcal inhibitor.

Journal

Nat Immunol 10:721-7 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/ni.1756

Reference

PMID:17893203

Authors

Jongerius I, Kohl J, Pandey MK, Ruyken M, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, Rooijakkers SH

Title

Staphylococcal complement evasion by various convertase-blocking molecules.

Journal

J Exp Med 204:2461-71 (2007)
DOI:10.1084/jem.20070818

Reference

PMID:18544012

Authors

Hair PS, Ward MD, Semmes OJ, Foster TJ, Cunnion KM

Title

Staphylococcus aureus clumping factor A binds to complement regulator factor I and increases factor I cleavage of C3b.

Journal

J Infect Dis 198:125-33 (2008)
DOI:10.1086/588825

Reference

PMID:16640587

Authors

Higgins J, Loughman A, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, Foster TJ

Title

Clumping factor A of Staphylococcus aureus inhibits phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

Journal

FEMS Microbiol Lett 258:290-6 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00229.x

Reference

PMID:20133685

Authors

Laursen NS, Gordon N, Hermans S, Lorenz N, Jackson N, Wines B, Spillner E, Christensen JB, Jensen M, Fredslund F, Bjerre M, Sottrup-Jensen L, Fraser JD, Andersen GR

Title

Structural basis for inhibition of complement C5 by the SSL7 protein from Staphylococcus aureus.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:3681-6 (2010)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0910565107

Reference

PMID:17848512

Authors

Ramsland PA, Willoughby N, Trist HM, Farrugia W, Hogarth PM, Fraser JD, Wines BD

Title

Structural basis for evasion of IgA immunity by Staphylococcus aureus revealed in the complex of SSL7 with Fc of human IgA1.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:15051-6 (2007)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0706028104

Reference

PMID:14993252

Authors

de Haas CJ, Veldkamp KE, Peschel A, Weerkamp F, Van Wamel WJ, Heezius EC, Poppelier MJ, Van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA

Title

Chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterial antiinflammatory agent.

Journal

J Exp Med 199:687-95 (2004)
DOI:10.1084/jem.20031636

Reference

PMID:17114475

Authors

Prat C, Bestebroer J, de Haas CJ, van Strijp JA, van Kessel KP

Title

A new staphylococcal anti-inflammatory protein that antagonizes the formyl peptide receptor-like 1.

Journal

J Immunol 177:8017-26 (2006)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.8017

Reference

PMID:17132726

Authors

Bestebroer J, Poppelier MJ, Ulfman LH, Lenting PJ, Denis CV, van Kessel KP, van Strijp JA, de Haas CJ

Title

Staphylococcal superantigen-like 5 binds PSGL-1 and inhibits P-selectin-mediated neutrophil rolling.

Journal

Blood 109:2936-43 (2007)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2006-06-015461

Reference

PMID:18045383

Authors

Chung MC, Wines BD, Baker H, Langley RJ, Baker EN, Fraser JD

Title

The crystal structure of staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 11 in complex with sialyl Lewis X reveals the mechanism for cell binding and immune inhibition.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 66:1342-55 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05989.x

Reference

PMID:12091905

Authors

Chavakis T, Hussain M, Kanse SM, Peters G, Bretzel RG, Flock JI, Herrmann M, Preissner KT

Title

Staphylococcus aureus extracellular adherence protein serves as anti-inflammatory factor by inhibiting the recruitment of host leukocytes.

Journal

Nat Med 8:687-93 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nm728

Reference

PMID:17517597

Authors

Li M, Lai Y, Villaruz AE, Cha DJ, Sturdevant DE, Otto M

Title

Gram-positive three-component antimicrobial peptide-sensing system.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:9469-74 (2007)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0702159104

Reference

PMID:15561843

Authors

Sieprawska-Lupa M, Mydel P, Krawczyk K, Wojcik K, Puklo M, Lupa B, Suder P, Silberring J, Reed M, Pohl J, Shafer W, McAleese F, Foster T, Travis J, Potempa J

Title

Degradation of human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by Staphylococcus aureus-derived proteinases.

Journal

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 48:4673-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/AAC.48.12.4673-4679.2004

Reference

PMID:18837785

Authors

Fraser JD, Proft T

Title

The bacterial superantigen and superantigen-like proteins.

Journal

Immunol Rev 225:226-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00681.x