Entry Name Cell cycle - Geospiza fortis (medium ground-finch)
Description Mitotic cell cycle progression is accomplished through a reproducible sequence of events, DNA replication (S phase) and mitosis (M phase) separated temporally by gaps known as G1 and G2 phases. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulatory enzymes, each consisting of a catalytic CDK subunit and an activating cyclin subunit. CDKs regulate the cell's progression through the phases of the cell cycle by modulating the activity of key substrates. Downstream targets of CDKs include transcription factor E2F and its regulator Rb. Precise activation and inactivation of CDKs at specific points in the cell cycle are required for orderly cell division. Cyclin-CDK inhibitors (CKIs), such as p16Ink4a, p15Ink4b, p27Kip1, and p21Cip1, are involved in the negative regulation of CDK activities, thus providing a pathway through which the cell cycle is negatively regulated.
Class Cellular Processes; Cell growth and deathBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Ortholog table Other DBs Organism Geospiza fortis (medium ground-finch) [GN:
gfr ]
Gene 102036886 CDT1; chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1 [KO:K10727 ]
102036798 TICRR; TOPBP1 interacting checkpoint and replication regulator [KO:K26117 ]
102043016 YWHAB; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein beta [KO:K16197 ]
102035632 YWHAZ; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein zeta [KO:K16197 ]
102033997 YWHAQ; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein theta [KO:K16197 ]
102040391 YWHAE; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein epsilon [KO:K06630 ]
102035580 YWHAG; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein gamma [KO:K16198 ]
102041653 YWHAH; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein eta [KO:K16198 ]
102040994 ESCO1; establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-acetyltransferase 1 [KO:K11268 ] [EC:2.3.1.-]
102031820 PPP2R5C; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'gamma [KO:K11584 ]
102039573 PPP2R5E; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'epsilon [KO:K11584 ]
102041034 PPP2R5A; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'alpha [KO:K11584 ]
102035456 PPP2R5D; protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B'delta [KO:K11584 ]
Reference Authors Matsuoka S, Yamaguchi M, Matsukage A
Title D-type cyclin-binding regions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
Journal J Biol Chem 269:11030-6 (1994)
Reference Authors Welch PJ, Wang JY
Title A C-terminal protein-binding domain in the retinoblastoma protein regulates nuclear c-Abl tyrosine kinase in the cell cycle.
Journal Reference Authors Macaluso M, Montanari M, Giordano A
Title Rb family proteins as modulators of gene expression and new aspects regarding the interaction with chromatin remodeling enzymes.
Journal Reference Authors Cobrinik D
Title Pocket proteins and cell cycle control.
Journal Reference Authors Boutros R, Lobjois V, Ducommun B
Title CDC25 phosphatases in cancer cells: key players? Good targets?
Journal Reference Authors Diehl JA, Cheng M, Roussel MF, Sherr CJ
Title Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta regulates cyclin D1 proteolysis and subcellular localization.
Journal Reference Authors Klein EA, Assoian RK
Title Transcriptional regulation of the cyclin D1 gene at a glance.
Journal Reference Authors Sherr CJ, Roberts JM
Title CDK inhibitors: positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression.
Journal Reference Authors Shi Y, Massague J.
Title Mechanisms of TGF-beta signaling from cell membrane to the nucleus.
Journal Reference Authors Kamura T, Hara T, Kotoshiba S, Yada M, Ishida N, Imaki H, Hatakeyama S, Nakayama K, Nakayama KI
Title Degradation of p57Kip2 mediated by SCFSkp2-dependent ubiquitylation.
Journal Reference Authors Bond M, Sala-Newby GB, Wu YJ, Newby AC
Title Biphasic effect of p21Cip1 on smooth muscle cell proliferation: role of PI 3-kinase and Skp2-mediated degradation.
Journal Reference Authors Harris SL, Levine AJ.
Title The p53 pathway: positive and negative feedback loops.
Journal Reference Authors Vogelstein B, Lane D, Levine AJ
Title Surfing the p53 network.
Journal Reference Authors Smith ML, Chen IT, Zhan Q, Bae I, Chen CY, Gilmer TM, Kastan MB, O'Connor PM, Fornace AJ Jr
Title Interaction of the p53-regulated protein Gadd45 with proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
Journal Reference Authors Petersen BO, Lukas J, Sorensen CS, Bartek J, Helin K
Title Phosphorylation of mammalian CDC6 by cyclin A/CDK2 regulates its subcellular localization.
Journal Reference Authors Sheu YJ, Stillman B
Title Cdc7-Dbf4 phosphorylates MCM proteins via a docking site-mediated mechanism to promote S phase progression.
Journal Reference Authors Martinez AM, Afshar M, Martin F, Cavadore JC, Labbe JC, Doree M
Title Dual phosphorylation of the T-loop in cdk7: its role in controlling cyclin H binding and CAK activity.
Journal Reference Authors Lolli G, Johnson LN
Title CAK-Cyclin-dependent Activating Kinase: a key kinase in cell cycle control and a target for drugs?
Journal Reference Authors Musacchio A, Salmon ED
Title The spindle-assembly checkpoint in space and time.
Journal Reference Authors Uhlmann F
Title Chromosome cohesion and separation: from men and molecules.
Journal Reference Authors Stegmeier F, Amon A
Title Closing mitosis: the functions of the Cdc14 phosphatase and its regulation.
Journal Reference Authors Moustakas A, Kardassis D
Title Regulation of the human p21/WAF1/Cip1 promoter in hepatic cells by functional interactions between Sp1 and Smad family members.
Journal Reference Authors de Boer HR, Guerrero Llobet S, van Vugt MA
Title Controlling the response to DNA damage by the APC/C-Cdh1.
Journal Reference Authors Qiao X, Zhang L, Gamper AM, Fujita T, Wan Y
Title APC/C-Cdh1: from cell cycle to cellular differentiation and genomic integrity.
Journal Related KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
