Entry Name Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Amphiprion ocellaris (clown anemonefish)
Description Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
Class Organismal Systems; Immune systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map aoce04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
Organism Amphiprion ocellaris (clown anemonefish) [GN:
aoce ]
Gene 111565947 myd88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
111566221 cd40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03160 ]
111566617 stat2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221 ]
111566758 pik3r3b; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3b (gamma) isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
111566849 pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
111569196 tirap; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403 ]
111569702 pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
111572427 stat1a; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1a isoform X4 [KO:K11220 ]
111572496 map2k4b; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4b isoform X1 [KO:K04430 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
111573373 pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
111574864 map2k4a; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4a isoform X1 [KO:K04430 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
111575173 tnfa; tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2) [KO:K03156 ]
111577584 tab1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04403 ]
111578164 tab2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404 ]
111579085 tnfb; tumor necrosis factor b (TNF superfamily, member 2) [KO:K03156 ]
111581711 nfkbiab; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha b [KO:K04734 ]
111582380 pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
111583748 nfkb1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580 ]
111584762 tnfrsf18; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18 [KO:K03160 ]
111586024 zgc:158659; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
Reference Authors Kawai T, Akira S.
Title TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors O'Neill LA, Bowie AG.
Title The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling.
Journal Reference Authors Honda K, Taniguchi T.
Title IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons.
Journal Reference Authors Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O.
Title Pathogen recognition and innate immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S.
Title TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD.
Title The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells.
Journal Reference Authors Aderem A, Smith KD.
Title A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation.
Journal Reference Authors Banerjee A, Gerondakis S.
Title Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system.
Journal Reference Authors Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N.
Title Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages.
Journal Reference Authors Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG.
Title Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
Journal Related aoce04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
KO pathway
