KEGG   PATHWAY: ath04144
Entry
ath04144                    Pathway                                
Name
Endocytosis - Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
ath04144  Endocytosis
ath04144

Other DBs
GO: 0006897
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) [GN:ath]
Gene
AT2G26420  PIP5K3; 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase 3 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT1G10900  Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase family protein [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT1G21980  PIP5K1; phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase 1 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT1G60890  Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase family protein [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT1G77740  PIP5K2; phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase 2 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT2G41210  PIP5K5; phosphatidylinositol- 4-phosphate 5-kinase 5 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT3G07960  PIP5K6; Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase family protein [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT3G56960  PIP5K4; phosphatidyl inositol monophosphate 5 kinase 4 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT4G01190  PIPK10; phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase 10 [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT1G01460  PIPK11; Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, core [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT3G09920  PIP5K9; phosphatidyl inositol monophosphate 5 kinase [KO:K00889] [EC:2.7.1.68]
AT2G42010  PLDBETA1; phospholipase D beta 1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT5G25370  PLDALPHA3; phospholipase D alpha 3 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT4G11840  PLDGAMMA3; phospholipase D gamma 3 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT4G11850  PLDGAMMA1; phospholipase D gamma 1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT1G55180  PLDEPSILON; phospholipase D alpha 4 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT3G05630  PLDP2; phospholipase D P2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT3G15730  PLDALPHA1; phospholipase D alpha 1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT3G16785  PLDP1; phospholipase D P1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT1G52570  PLDALPHA2; phospholipase D alpha 2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT4G35790  PLDDELTA; phospholipase D delta [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT4G00240  PLDBETA2; phospholipase D beta 2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT4G11830  PLDGAMMA2; phospholipase D gamma 2 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
AT1G59610  DL3; dynamin-like 3 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
AT1G10290  ADL6; dynamin-like protein 6 [KO:K01528] [EC:3.6.5.5]
AT3G08530  Clathrin, heavy chain [KO:K04646]
AT3G11130  Clathrin, heavy chain [KO:K04646]
AT5G22770  alpha-ADR; alpha-adaptin [KO:K11824]
AT5G22780  Adaptor protein complex AP-2, alpha subunit [KO:K11824]
AT5G46630  Clathrin adaptor complexes medium subunit family protein [KO:K11826]
AT1G47830  SNARE-like superfamily protein [KO:K11827]
AT3G59290  ENTH/VHS family protein [KO:K12471]
AT5G11710  ENTH/VHS family protein [KO:K12471]
AT2G43160  ENTH/VHS family protein [KO:K12471]
AT3G46540  ENTH/VHS family protein [KO:K12471]
AT1G21630  Calcium-binding EF hand family protein [KO:K12472]
AT2G17840  ERD7; Senescence/dehydration-associated protein-like protein [KO:K19366]
AT3G51250  Senescence/dehydration-associated protein-like protein [KO:K19366]
AT4G35985  Senescence/dehydration-associated protein-like protein [KO:K19366]
AT3G27000  ARP2; actin related protein 2 [KO:K17260]
AT1G13180  DIS1; Actin-like ATPase superfamily protein [KO:K18584]
AT2G31300  ARPC1B; actin-related protein C1B [KO:K05757]
AT2G30910  ARPC1A; actin-related protein C1A [KO:K05757]
AT1G30825  DIS2; Arp2/3 complex, 34 kD subunit p34-Arc [KO:K05758]
AT2G33385  arpc2b; actin-related protein C2B [KO:K05758]
AT1G60430  ARPC3; actin-related protein C3 [KO:K05756]
AT4G14147  ARPC4; binding protein [KO:K05755]
AT4G01710  CRK; ARP2/3 complex 16 kDa subunit (p16-Arc) [KO:K05754]
AT5G65274  ARP2/3 complex 16 kDa subunit (p16-Arc) [KO:K05754]
AT3G12580  HSP70; heat shock protein 70 [KO:K03283]
AT3G09440  Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) family protein [KO:K03283]
AT4G24280  cpHsc70-1; chloroplast heat shock protein 70-1 [KO:K03283]
AT5G49910  cpHsc70-2; chloroplast heat shock protein 70-2 [KO:K03283]
AT5G02490  Hsp70-2; Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) family protein [KO:K03283]
AT5G02500  HSC70-1; heat shock cognate protein 70-1 [KO:K03283]
AT1G56410  ERD2; heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) family protein [KO:K03283]
AT1G16030  Hsp70b; heat shock protein 70B [KO:K03283]
AT3G05520  CPA; Subunits of heterodimeric actin filament capping protein Capz superfamily [KO:K10364]
AT1G71790  CPB; Subunits of heterodimeric actin filament capping protein Capz superfamily [KO:K10365]
AT3G47810  MAG1; Calcineurin-like metallo-phosphoesterase superfamily protein [KO:K18467]
AT5G53530  VPS26A; vacuolar protein sorting 26A [KO:K18466]
AT4G27690  VPS26B; vacuolar protein sorting 26B [KO:K18466]
AT2G17790  VPS35A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated 35A-like protein [KO:K18468]
AT3G51310  VPS35C; VPS35 homolog C [KO:K18468]
AT1G75850  VPS35B; VPS35 homolog B [KO:K18468]
AT4G16144  AMSH3; associated molecule with the SH3 domain of STAM 3 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
AT1G48790  AMSH1; associated molecule with the SH3 domain of STAM 1 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
AT1G10600  AMSH2; associated molecule with the SH3 domain of STAM 2 [KO:K11866] [EC:3.4.19.12]
AT3G18820  RAB7B; RAB GTPase homolog G3F [KO:K07897]
AT1G52280  RABG3d; RAB GTPase homolog G3D [KO:K07897]
AT3G16100  RABG3c; RAB GTPase homolog G3C [KO:K07897]
AT1G22740  RABG3B; RAB GTPase homolog G3B [KO:K07897]
AT4G09720  RABG3A; RAB GTPase homolog G3A [KO:K07897]
AT2G21880  RAB7A; RAB GTPase homolog 7A [KO:K07897]
AT5G13860  ELC-Like; ELCH-like protein [KO:K12183]
AT3G12400  ELC; Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme/RWD-like protein [KO:K12183]
AT2G38830  Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme/RWD-like protein [KO:K12183]
AT4G21560  VPS28-1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein-like protein [KO:K12184]
AT4G05000  VPS28-2; Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VPS28 family protein [KO:K12184]
AT3G53120  VPS37-1; Modifier of rudimentary (Mod(r)) protein [KO:K12185]
AT2G36680  Modifier of rudimentary (Mod(r)) protein [KO:K12185]
AT4G27040  VPS22; EAP30/Vps36 family protein [KO:K12188]
AT5G04920  EAP30/Vps36 family protein [KO:K12190]
AT4G19003  VPS25; E2F/DP family winged-helix DNA-binding domain-containing protein [KO:K12189]
AT5G63880  VPS20.1; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12195]
AT5G09260  VPS20.2; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 20.2 [KO:K12195]
AT2G19830  SNF7.2; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12194]
AT4G29160  SNF7.1; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12194]
AT3G45000  VPS24.2; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12193]
AT5G22950  VPS24.1; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12193]
AT2G06530  VPS2.1; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12191]
AT5G44560  VPS2.2; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12191]
AT1G03950  VPS2.3; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 2.3 [KO:K12192]
AT3G62080  SNF7 family protein [KO:K15053]
AT2G27600  SKD1; AAA-type ATPase family protein [KO:K12196]
AT1G08270  vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein [KO:K12196]
AT4G26750  EXT-like; hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein [KO:K12199]
AT1G17730  VPS46.1; vacuolar protein sorting 46.1 [KO:K12197]
AT1G73030  VPS46.2; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12197]
AT3G10640  VPS60.1; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12198]
AT5G04850  VPS60.2; SNF7 family protein [KO:K12198]
AT1G15130  Endosomal targeting BRO1-like domain-containing protein [KO:K12200]
AT4G12230  alpha/beta-Hydrolases superfamily protein [KO:K19367]
AT5G06140  SNX1; sorting nexin 1 [KO:K17917]
AT3G20290  EHD1; EPS15 homology domain 1 [KO:K12483]
AT4G05520  EHD2; EPS15 homology domain 2 [KO:K12483]
AT1G77140  VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting 45 [KO:K12479]
AT5G59840  Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein [KO:K07901]
AT3G46060  RABE1c; RAB GTPase homolog 8A [KO:K07901]
AT3G53610  RAB8; RAB GTPase homolog 8 [KO:K07901]
AT5G03520  RAB8C; RAB GTPase homolog 8C [KO:K07901]
AT3G09900  RABE1e; RAB GTPase homolog E1E [KO:K07901]
AT4G18800  RABA1d; RAB GTPase homolog A1D [KO:K07904]
AT1G09630  RAB11c; RAB GTPase 11C [KO:K07904]
AT1G16920  RABA1b; RAB GTPase homolog A1B [KO:K07904]
AT5G47960  RABA4C; RAB GTPase homolog A4C [KO:K07904]
AT2G31680  RABA5d; RAB GTPase homolog A5D [KO:K07904]
AT3G12160  RABA4D; RAB GTPase homolog A4D [KO:K07904]
AT5G65270  RABA4a; RAB GTPase homolog A4A [KO:K07904]
AT5G47520  RABA5a; RAB GTPase homolog A5A [KO:K07904]
AT3G46830  RABA2c; RAB GTPase homolog A2C [KO:K07904]
AT4G39990  RABA4B; RAB GTPase homolog A4B [KO:K07904]
AT5G45750  RABA1c; RAB GTPase homolog A1C [KO:K07904]
AT2G43130  ARA4; P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolases superfamily protein [KO:K07904]
AT1G01200  RABA3; RAB GTPase homolog A3 [KO:K07904]
AT5G60860  RABA1f; RAB GTPase homolog A1F [KO:K07904]
AT5G59150  RABA2D; RAB GTPase homolog A2D [KO:K07904]
AT5G54310  AGD5; ARF-GAP domain 5 [KO:K12486]
AT3G17660  AGD15; ARF-GAP domain 15 [KO:K12486]
AT3G07940  Calcium-dependent ARF-type GTPase activating protein family [KO:K12486]
AT4G21160  ZAC; Calcium-dependent ARF-type GTPase activating protein family [KO:K12486]
AT4G05330  AGD13; ARF-GAP domain 13 [KO:K12486]
AT1G60860  AGD2; ARF-GAP domain 2 [KO:K12489]
AT1G10870  AGD4; ARF-GAP domain 4 [KO:K12489]
AT5G13300  SFC; ARF GTPase-activating protein [KO:K12489]
AT5G61980  AGD1; ARF-GAP domain 1 [KO:K12489]
AT3G53710  AGD6; ARF-GAP domain 6 [KO:K12492]
AT2G37550  AGD7; ARF-GAP domain 7 [KO:K12492]
AT5G46750  AGD9; ARF-GAP domain 9 [KO:K12493]
AT4G17890  AGD8; ARF-GAP domain 8 [KO:K12493]
AT2G35210  RPA; root and pollen arfgap [KO:K12493]
AT1G01960  EDA10; SEC7-like guanine nucleotide exchange family protein [KO:K18442]
AT4G35380  SEC7-like guanine nucleotide exchange family protein [KO:K18442]
AT3G60860  SEC7-like guanine nucleotide exchange family protein [KO:K18442]
AT4G38200  SEC7-like guanine nucleotide exchange family protein [KO:K18442]
AT5G19610  GNL2; GNOM-like 2 [KO:K18443]
AT5G39500  GNL1; GNOM-like 1 [KO:K18443]
AT1G13980  GN; sec7 domain-containing protein [KO:K18443]
AT1G10630  ARFA1F; ADP-ribosylation factor A1F [KO:K07937]
AT1G23490  ARF1; ADP-ribosylation factor 1 [KO:K07937]
AT1G70490  ARFA1D; Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein [KO:K07937]
AT5G14670  ARFA1B; ADP-ribosylation factor A1B [KO:K07937]
AT2G47170  ARF1A1C; Ras-related small GTP-binding family protein [KO:K07937]
AT3G62290  ARFA1E; ADP-ribosylation factor A1E [KO:K07937]
AT5G17060  ARFB1B; ADP-ribosylation factor B1B [KO:K07937]
AT2G15310  ARFB1A; ADP-ribosylation factor B1A [KO:K07937]
AT3G03120  ARFB1C; ADP-ribosylation factor B1C [KO:K07937]
AT1G02430  ARFD1B; ADP-ribosylation factor D1B [KO:K07937]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
PMID:19007773
  Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
  Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 315:1610-8 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.10.014
Reference
PMID:18647649
  Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
  Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
  Journal
Cell Signal 21:1-6 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.06.020
Reference
PMID:15261671
  Authors
Sorkin A
  Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 16:392-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2004.06.001
Reference
PMID:19325624
  Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
  Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
  Journal
Nature 458:445-52 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nature07961
Reference
PMID:20110990
  Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
  Title
The endocytic matrix.
  Journal
Nature 463:464-73 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08910
Reference
PMID:15687999
  Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
  Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:112-26 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1571
Reference
PMID:19924646
  Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
  Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
  Journal
Histol Histopathol 25:99-112 (2010)
DOI:10.14670/HH-25.99
Reference
PMID:16203612
  Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
  Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
  Journal
Ann Med 37:394-403 (2005)
DOI:10.1080/07853890510011976
Reference
PMID:19696797
  Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
  Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 10:597-608 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrm2755
Reference
PMID:22193161
  Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
  Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
  Journal
Nat Cell Biol 14:29-37 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/ncb2374
Related
pathway
ath04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
ath04130  SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
ko04144   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system