Entry Name Toll-like receptor signaling pathway - Gymnodraco acuticeps
Description Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting microbial pathogens and generating innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-bound receptors identified as homologs of Toll in Drosophila. Mammalian TLRs are expressed on innate immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and respond to the membrane components of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen recognition by TLRs provokes rapid activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules. TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK.
Class Organismal Systems; Immune systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map gacu04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
Ortholog table Organism Gymnodraco acuticeps [GN:
gacu ]
Gene 117544903 rac1a; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
117534275 pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
117541887 pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
117542378 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
117532612 pik3r2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
117545568 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like [KO:K02649 ]
117535004 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
117542274 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
117560597 pik3r3b; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3b (gamma) isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
117561441 pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
117549862 myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88-like [KO:K04729 ]
117551687 tirap; toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403 ]
117555242 tab1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04403 ]
117538684 tab2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404 ]
117539703 nfkbiab; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha b [KO:K04734 ]
117554163 nfkbiaa; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha a [KO:K04734 ]
117536890 map2k4a; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4a isoform X1 [KO:K04430 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
117552371 map2k4b; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4b isoform X1 [KO:K04430 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
117557427 june; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: junE proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit [KO:K04448 ]
117533795 fosab; v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog Ab [KO:K04379 ]
117532421 ccl35.1; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 35, duplicate 1 [KO:K12964 ]
117532668 ticam1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842 ]
117547448 cd40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03160 ]
117556350 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K03160 ]
117549497 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta-like isoform X1 [KO:K11220 ]
117549793 stat1a; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1a isoform X1 [KO:K11220 ]
117551086 stat2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221 ]
117537659 irf9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: interferon regulatory factor 9 [KO:K04693 ]
Reference Authors Kawai T, Akira S.
Title TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors O'Neill LA, Bowie AG.
Title The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling.
Journal Reference Authors Honda K, Taniguchi T.
Title IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and Type I interferons.
Journal Reference Authors Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O.
Title Pathogen recognition and innate immunity.
Journal Reference Authors Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S.
Title TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Means TK, Hayashi F, Smith KD, Aderem A, Luster AD.
Title The Toll-like receptor 5 stimulus bacterial flagellin induces maturation and chemokine production in human dendritic cells.
Journal Reference Authors Aderem A, Smith KD.
Title A systems approach to dissecting immunity and inflammation.
Journal Reference Authors Banerjee A, Gerondakis S.
Title Coordinating TLR-activated signaling pathways in cells of the immune system.
Journal Reference Authors Loniewski KJ, Patial S, Parameswaran N.
Title Sensitivity of TLR4- and -7-induced NF kappa B1 p105-TPL2-ERK pathway to TNF-receptor-associated-factor-6 revealed by RNAi in mouse macrophages.
Journal Reference Authors Arbibe L, Mira JP, Teusch N, Kline L, Guha M, Mackman N, Godowski PJ, Ulevitch RJ, Knaus UG.
Title Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway.
Journal Reference Authors Uematsu S, Akira S.
Title Toll-like receptors and innate immunity.
Journal Related gacu04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
