KEGG   PATHWAY: pflv04910
Entry
pflv04910                   Pathway                                
Name
Insulin signaling pathway - Perca flavescens (yellow perch)
Description
Insulin binding to its receptor results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates (IRS) by the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (INSR). This allows association of IRSs with the regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PI3K activates 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1), which activates Akt, a serine kinase. Akt in turn deactivates glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), leading to activation of glycogen synthase (GYS) and thus glycogen synthesis. Activation of Akt also results in the translocation of GLUT4 vesicles from their intracellular pool to the plasma membrane, where they allow uptake of glucose into the cell. Akt also leads to mTOR-mediated activation of protein synthesis by eIF4 and p70S6K. The translocation of GLUT4 protein is also elicited through the CAP/Cbl/TC10 pathway, once Cbl is phosphorylated by INSR.
Other signal transduction proteins interact with IRS including GRB2. GRB2 is part of the cascade including SOS, RAS, RAF and MEK that leads to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and mitogenic responses in the form of gene transcription. SHC is another substrate of INSR. When tyrosine phosphorylated, SHC associates with GRB2 and can thus activate the RAS/MAPK pathway independently of IRS-1.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
Pathway map
pflv04910  Insulin signaling pathway
pflv04910

Organism
Perca flavescens (yellow perch) [GN:pflv]
Gene
114567209  insulin [KO:K04526]
114562468  insulin-like [KO:K04526]
114564739  insulin receptor-like [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114562075  insulin receptor-like isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
114545606  insulin receptor substrate 1-B-like [KO:K16172]
114567028  insulin receptor substrate 1-B-like [KO:K16172]
114546012  insulin receptor substrate 2-A-like [KO:K07187]
114550774  insulin receptor substrate 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
114563852  irs2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
114564919  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like [KO:K02649]
114566080  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like [KO:K02649]
114570516  pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
114561139  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
114561270  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
114555608  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha-like [KO:K02649]
114552427  pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114558791  pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114545581  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114561210  pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114565044  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
114548419  pdpk1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114552505  RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114566492  RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114546570  akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114548453  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114572548  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114563778  gsk3b; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
114569899  gys1; glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
114549860  gys2; glycogen [starch] synthase, liver [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
114546620  ppp1cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114569623  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase alpha-2 isoform-like [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114547698  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase alpha-2 isoform-like [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114555082  ppp1cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114573024  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit-like [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114573966  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]
114558900  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3D-like [KO:K07189]
114570798  ppp1r3b; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3B isoform X1 [KO:K07189]
114554794  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3D-like [KO:K07189]
114572074  ppp1r3c; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C [KO:K07189]
114548022  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C-B-like [KO:K07189]
114555244  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3E-like [KO:K07189]
114556136  protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3C-like [KO:K07189]
114550340  uncharacterized protein LOC114550340 [KO:K07189]
114558094  ppp1r3f; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3F isoform X1 [KO:K07189]
114548023  phkg2; phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, liver/testis isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00871] [EC:2.7.11.19]
114549461  phkg1; phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, skeletal muscle/heart isoform [KO:K00871] [EC:2.7.11.19]
114545503  phka1; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K07190]
114555121  phkb; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07190]
114561512  phka2; phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform [KO:K07190]
114546366  calm1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]
114553939  calml6; calmodulin-like protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
114560106  calml4; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
114560738  calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
114571747  calm2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]
114572752  calmodulin [KO:K02183]
114550186  calm3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
114566372  glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form-like isoform X1 [KO:K00688] [EC:2.4.1.1]
114545490  pygm; glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form [KO:K00688] [EC:2.4.1.1]
114546771  pygl; glycogen phosphorylase, liver form isoform X1 [KO:K00688] [EC:2.4.1.1]
114559509  pde3b; cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B [KO:K13296] [EC:3.1.4.17]
114565306  prkaca; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114565471  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114568922  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114561605  prkacb; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
114559005  cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit-like [KO:K04739]
114553861  cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit-like isoform X1 [KO:K04739]
114560450  prkar2b; cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit [KO:K04739]
114569513  prkar1b; cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-beta regulatory subunit isoform X1 [KO:K04739]
114548206  prkar1a; cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit [KO:K04739]
114567920  hormone-sensitive lipase-like [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
114556966  lipe; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X1 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
114558201  prkcz; protein kinase C zeta type isoform X1 [KO:K18952] [EC:2.7.11.13]
114564991  prkci; protein kinase C iota type [KO:K06069] [EC:2.7.11.13]
114545717  slc2a4; solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4 [KO:K07191]
114552410  flotillin-2 [KO:K07192]
114566546  flotillin-2a isoform X1 [KO:K07192]
114568113  flotillin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07192]
114557500  flotillin-1-like [KO:K07192]
114553207  sh2b2; SH2B adapter protein 2 [KO:K07193]
114571656  sorbs1; sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06086]
114552357  cbl; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL [KO:K04707] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114566816  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-like isoform X1 [KO:K04707] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114566515  cblb; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-B [KO:K22517] [EC:2.3.2.27]
114552699  adapter molecule crk-like [KO:K04438]
114566637  adapter molecule crk-like [KO:K04438]
114571390  crkl; crk-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K04438]
114570984  rapgef1; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06277]
114556397  rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1-like [KO:K06277]
114572078  rhoq; rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoQ [KO:K07194]
114547973  exoc7; exocyst complex component 7 isoform X1 [KO:K07195]
114569631  trip10; cdc42-interacting protein 4 [KO:K07196]
114572399  cdc42-interacting protein 4 homolog [KO:K07196]
114569612  srebf1; sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07197]
114567244  acaca; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11262] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
114555987  acacb; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01946] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
114547830  fasn; fatty acid synthase [KO:K00665] [EC:2.3.1.85]
114567138  hexokinase-2-like isoform X1 [KO:K00844] [EC:2.7.1.1]
114555173  hexokinase-2-like [KO:K00844] [EC:2.7.1.1]
114548334  hexokinase-1 isoform X1 [KO:K00844] [EC:2.7.1.1]
114557384  hexokinase-1-like [KO:K00844] [EC:2.7.1.1]
114557400  putative hexokinase HKDC1 isoform X1 [KO:K00844] [EC:2.7.1.1]
114555604  gck; glucokinase isoform X1 [KO:K12407] [EC:2.7.1.2]
114570939  prkaa1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
114561945  prkaa2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
114565443  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2-like isoform X1 [KO:K07199]
114571455  prkab1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
114556138  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1-like [KO:K07199]
114564921  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
114553928  prkag1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 [KO:K07200]
114549633  prkag2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07200]
114550908  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
114564004  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K07200]
114553294  forkhead box protein O1-A-like [KO:K07201]
114567305  forkhead box protein O1-A-like [KO:K07201]
114546052  ppargc1a; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha [KO:K07202]
114570276  glucose-6-phosphatase-like [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
114547805  g6pc3; glucose-6-phosphatase 3 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
114548297  g6pc; glucose-6-phosphatase [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
114548305  glucose-6-phosphatase-like isoform X1 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
114563809  g6pc2; glucose-6-phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
114570835  fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
114555168  fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2-like [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
114556411  fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1-like [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
114554575  pck1; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
114548854  phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP]-like [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
114558188  mtor; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114547407  rptor; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
114552495  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1-like [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114566849  rps6kb1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114571970  ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2-like isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114564334  rps6; 40S ribosomal protein S6 [KO:K02991]
114571009  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1-like [KO:K07205]
114555406  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1-like [KO:K07205]
114545727  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2-like [KO:K03259]
114546452  eif4e; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E isoform X1 [KO:K03259]
114571972  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-like [KO:K03259]
114562721  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-1A [KO:K03259]
114565188  eif4e2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03259]
114570521  hamartin-like [KO:K07206]
114555944  hamartin-like isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
114545904  tsc2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
114565886  rheb; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
114554202  GTP-binding protein Rheb-like [KO:K07208]
114545719  bad; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
114556600  shc1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: SHC-transforming protein 1 [KO:K06279]
114561987  shc2; SHC-transforming protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17447]
114571470  shc3; SHC-transforming protein 3 [KO:K17448]
114556819  shc4; SHC-transforming protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K17449]
114570079  grb2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
114546491  sos2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
114568696  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: son of sevenless homolog 1-like [KO:K03099]
114559784  hras; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
114559939  kras; GTPase KRas [KO:K07827]
114569569  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07827]
114555276  araf; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114550105  braf; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114559447  raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114559598  map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
114565370  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2-like [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
114561797  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
114569468  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114555749  mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114561364  mknk1; MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K04372] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114561684  MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2-like [KO:K04372] [EC:2.7.11.1]
114558838  ETS domain-containing protein Elk-3-like [KO:K04375]
114569781  socs1; suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 [KO:K04694]
114573238  suppressor of cytokine signaling 1-like [KO:K04694]
114550326  suppressor of cytokine signaling 2-like [KO:K04695]
114569548  socs3; suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 [KO:K04696]
114547891  suppressor of cytokine signaling 3-like [KO:K04696]
114561322  suppressor of cytokine signaling 4-like [KO:K04697]
114558637  ptpn1; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 [KO:K05696] [EC:3.1.3.48]
114565915  receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F isoform X1 [KO:K05695] [EC:3.1.3.48]
114561144  ptprf; receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F isoform X1 [KO:K05695] [EC:3.1.3.48]
114570928  mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114547944  mapk8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114572302  mitogen-activated protein kinase 8-like isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114563046  mitogen-activated protein kinase 9-like [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
114555052  ikbkb; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
114552548  inppl1; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K15909] [EC:3.1.3.86]
114562362  phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase 2B-like [KO:K15909] [EC:3.1.3.86]
114572349  inpp5a; type I inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase isoform X1 [KO:K01106] [EC:3.1.3.56]
Compound
C00031  D-Glucose
C00369  Starch
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:14635525
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Ogawa W, Kasuga M.
  Title
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Seikagaku 75:1332-44 (2003)
Reference
PMID:11282018
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Insulin signalling.
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J Cell Sci 114:1429-30 (2001)
Reference
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Insulin signaling: GLUT4 vesicles exit via the exocyst.
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Curr Biol 13:R574-6 (2003)
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Reference
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Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Nature 414:799-806 (2001)
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Oncogene 24:7426-34 (2005)
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Reference
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Reference
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Phosphorylation and activation of p70s6k by PDK1.
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Science 279:707-10 (1998)
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Reference
PMID:9609110
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Role of binding proteins to IRS-1 in insulin signalling.
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Mol Cell Biochem 182:13-22 (1998)
Reference
PMID:9609111
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Insulin regulation of the Ras activation/inactivation cycle.
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Reference
PMID:15229476
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Insulin-like growth factors and neoplasia.
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Nat Rev Cancer 4:505-18 (2004)
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Reference
PMID:9346240
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Akt phosphorylation of BAD couples survival signals to the cell-intrinsic death machinery.
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Cell 91:231-41 (1997)
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Reference
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Horm Res 68:72-82 (2007)
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Reference
PMID:18291668
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SREBPs: the crossroads of physiological and pathological lipid homeostasis.
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Trends Endocrinol Metab 19:65-73 (2008)
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Reference
PMID:11343120
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Clement S, Krause U, Desmedt F, Tanti JF, Behrends J, Pesesse X, Sasaki T, Penninger J, Doherty M, Malaisse W, Dumont JE, Le Marchand-Brustel Y, Erneux C, Hue L, Schurmans S
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The lipid phosphatase SHIP2 controls insulin sensitivity.
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Nature 409:92-7 (2001)
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Reference
PMID:12791379
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Backers K, Blero D, Paternotte N, Zhang J, Erneux C
  Title
The termination of PI3K signalling by SHIP1 and SHIP2 inositol 5-phosphatases.
  Journal
Adv Enzyme Regul 43:15-28 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0065-2571(02)00043-2
Related
pathway
pflv00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
pflv00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
pflv00500  Starch and sucrose metabolism
pflv04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pflv04070  Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
pflv04210  Apoptosis
KO pathway
ko04910   
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