KEGG   PATHWAY: ecb04152
Entry
ecb04152                    Pathway                                
Name
AMPK signaling pathway - Equus caballus (horse)
Description
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine threonine kinase that is highly conserved through evolution. AMPK system acts as a sensor of cellular energy status. It is activated by increases in the cellular AMP:ATP ratio caused by metabolic stresses that either interfere with ATP production (eg, deprivation for glucose or oxygen) or that accelerate ATP consumption (eg, muscle contraction). Several upstream kinases, including liver kinase B1 (LKB1), calcium/calmodulin kinase kinase-beta (CaMKK beta), and TGF-beta-activated kinase-1 (TAK-1), can activate AMPK by phosphorylating a threonine residue on its catalytic alpha-subunit. Once activated, AMPK leads to a concomitant inhibition of energy-consuming biosynthetic pathways, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis, and activation of ATP-producing catabolic pathways, such as fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
Pathway map
ecb04152  AMPK signaling pathway
ecb04152

Other DBs
GO: 2000479
Organism
Equus caballus (horse) [GN:ecb]
Gene
100009710  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100009716  CPT1A; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform [KO:K08765] [EC:2.3.1.21]
100033939  SLC2A4; solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4 [KO:K07191]
100034042  LEP; leptin precursor [KO:K05424]
100034094  PRKAB1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 [KO:K07199]
100034095  PRKAB2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 [KO:K07199]
100034096  PRKAG1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 [KO:K07200]
100034098  PRKAG2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07200]
100034099  PRKAG3; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 [KO:K07200]
100034116  PFKM; ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, muscle type [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
100034159  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100034198  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I precursor [KO:K05459]
100049847  CD36; platelet glycoprotein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K06259]
100050051  ADIPOR2; adiponectin receptor protein 2 [KO:K07297]
100050219  CAB39L; calcium-binding protein 39-like [KO:K08272]
100050227  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649]
100050481  FOXO1; forkhead box protein O1 [KO:K07201]
100050546  CIDEA; cell death activator CIDE-A isoform X2 [KO:K25893]
100050735  PPP2R5B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584]
100051146  PFKFB2; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19029] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
100051258  PPARG; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform X1 [KO:K08530]
100051341  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X3 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100051623  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100051737  PPP2R2D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04354]
100051753  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100051948  PPP2R5E; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform isoform X1 [KO:K11584]
100052122  [KO:K02649]
100052233  G6PC; glucose-6-phosphatase [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
100052282  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
100052283  SREBF1; sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07197]
100052436  ADIPOR1; adiponectin receptor protein 1 [KO:K07297]
100053005  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100053302  PPP2R3A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K11583]
100053840  PFKFB4; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 4 isoform X2 [KO:K19030] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
100054440  PPP2R5A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584]
100054461  ADRA1A; alpha-1A adrenergic receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04135]
100054723  GYS1; glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
100054803  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
100054880  PPP2R5D; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584]
100054903  PCK2; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP], mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
100054961  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100054977  PPP2R5C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform X6 [KO:K11584]
100055336  TBC1D1; TBC1 domain family member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18341]
100055438  CPT1B; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K19523] [EC:2.3.1.21]
100055698  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100055710  PCK1; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] [KO:K01596] [EC:4.1.1.32]
100055716  PPARGC1A; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha isoform X3 [KO:K07202]
100055747  RAB10; ras-related protein Rab-10 isoform X1 [KO:K07903]
100055913  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X3 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100056007  HNF4A; hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha isoform X2 [KO:K07292]
100056027  CPT1C; carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, brain isoform isoform X1 [KO:K19524] [EC:2.3.1.21]
100056244  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X10 [KO:K07204]
100056571  CRTC2; CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 isoform X1 [KO:K16333]
100056927  PFKL; ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, liver type [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
100057002  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
100057311  FASN; fatty acid synthase isoform X4 [KO:K00665] [EC:2.3.1.85]
100057481  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100057766  PPP2R3C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K11583]
100057875  EIF4EBP1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 [KO:K07205]
100058141  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
100058387  EEF2K; eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase isoform X2 [KO:K08292] [EC:2.7.11.20]
100058510  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
100059500  ADIPOQ; adiponectin [KO:K07296]
100059954  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
100059955  PPP2R2A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform isoform X2 [KO:K04354]
100060079  PPP2R3B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K11583]
100060485  SCD; acyl-CoA desaturase [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
100060819  ELAVL1; ELAV-like protein 1 [KO:K13088]
100060957  PPP2R2B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform X5 [KO:K04354]
100060968  SCD5; stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 [KO:K00507] [EC:1.14.19.1]
100061130  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100061437  EEF2; elongation factor 2 [KO:K03234]
100061491  FBP2; fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase isozyme 2 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
100061987  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
100062224  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
100062307  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
100062514  PFKFB1; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 1 isoform X3 [KO:K19028] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
100062627  PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
100062750  G6PC2; glucose-6-phosphatase 2 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
100063153  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048]
100063745  CAB39; calcium-binding protein 39 [KO:K08272]
100063910  FBP1; fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
100064264  GYS2; glycogen [starch] synthase, liver [KO:K00693] [EC:2.4.1.11]
100064440  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
100064638  STRADA; STE20-related kinase adapter protein alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08271]
100064671  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100064828  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
100064862  G6PC3; glucose-6-phosphatase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K01084] [EC:3.1.3.9]
100065577  HMGCR; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase isoform X1 [KO:K00021] [EC:1.1.1.34]
100065679  TSC2; tuberin isoform X2 [KO:K07207]
100065841  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X2 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
100066248  INSR; insulin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100066388  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 [KO:K05870]
100066413  RAB2A; ras-related protein Rab-2A [KO:K07877]
100066558  FOXO3; forkhead box protein O3 [KO:K09408]
100066574  STRADB; STE20-related kinase adapter protein beta isoform X1 [KO:K17532]
100066615  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
100066740  ACACB; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K01946] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
100067611  RAB14; ras-related protein Rab-14 [KO:K07881]
100067794  CREB3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 [KO:K09048]
100069009  [KO:K17445]
100069504  LEPR; leptin receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05062]
100069598  LIPE; hormone-sensitive lipase isoform X1 [KO:K07188] [EC:3.1.1.79]
100070049  MLYCD; malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, mitochondrial [KO:K01578] [EC:4.1.1.9]
100070133  PPP2R2C; protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04354]
100070251  PFKFB3; 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-bisphosphatase 3 isoform X5 [KO:K01103] [EC:2.7.1.105 3.1.3.46]
100070408  PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456]
100070818  PFKP; ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase, platelet type isoform X1 [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
100071259  CFTR; cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator [KO:K05031] [EC:5.6.1.6]
100071472  ACACA; acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K11262] [EC:6.4.1.2 6.3.4.14 2.1.3.15]
100072219  CCNA2; cyclin-A2 [KO:K06627]
100072571  SIRT1; NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K11411] [EC:2.3.1.286]
100146180  RAB11B; ras-related protein Rab-11B [KO:K07905]
100146249  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
100146348  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
100147188  CCNA1; cyclin-A1 [KO:K06627]
100147248  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A isoform X2 [KO:K07901]
100630736  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102149114  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
111776000  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
Compound
C00003  NAD+
C00008  ADP
C00020  AMP
C00022  Pyruvate
C00024  Acetyl-CoA
C00031  D-Glucose
C00040  Acyl-CoA
C00076  Calcium cation
C00083  Malonyl-CoA
C00085  D-Fructose 6-phosphate
C00162  Fatty acid
C00354  D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
C00389  Quercetin
C00665  beta-D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
C00668  alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
C00698  Cl-
C00757  Berberine
C01172  beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
C04677  1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C07151  Metformin
C09731  Epigallocatechin gallate
D08351  Phenformin (BAN)
Reference
PMID:19584320
  Authors
Steinberg GR, Kemp BE
  Title
AMPK in Health and Disease.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 89:1025-78 (2009)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00011.2008
Reference
PMID:15509864
  Authors
Hardie DG.
  Title
The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway--new players upstream and downstream.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 117:5479-87 (2004)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01540
Reference
PMID:23747347
  Authors
Russo GL, Russo M, Ungaro P
  Title
AMP-activated protein kinase: a target for old drugs against diabetes and cancer.
  Journal
Biochem Pharmacol 86:339-50 (2013)
DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2013.05.023
Reference
PMID:19393004
  Authors
Ronnett GV, Ramamurthy S, Kleman AM, Landree LE, Aja S
  Title
AMPK in the brain: its roles in energy balance and neuroprotection.
  Journal
J Neurochem 109 Suppl 1:17-23 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05916.x
Reference
PMID:20010958
  Authors
Li J, McCullough LD
  Title
Effects of AMP-activated protein kinase in cerebral ischemia.
  Journal
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 30:480-92 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.255
Reference
PMID:22700795
  Authors
Sanchez AM, Candau RB, Csibi A, Pagano AF, Raibon A, Bernardi H
  Title
The role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the coordination of skeletal muscle turnover and energy homeostasis.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 303:C475-85 (2012)
DOI:10.1152/ajpcell.00125.2012
Reference
PMID:16644802
  Authors
Viollet B, Foretz M, Guigas B, Horman S, Dentin R, Bertrand L, Hue L, Andreelli F
  Title
Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in the liver: a new strategy for the management of metabolic hepatic disorders.
  Journal
J Physiol 574:41-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.108506
Reference
PMID:19629071
  Authors
Shackelford DB, Shaw RJ
  Title
The LKB1-AMPK pathway: metabolism and growth control in tumour suppression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cancer 9:563-75 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrc2676
Reference
PMID:22885100
  Authors
Chung JH, Manganiello V, Dyck JR
  Title
Resveratrol as a calorie restriction mimetic: therapeutic implications.
  Journal
Trends Cell Biol 22:546-54 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.tcb.2012.07.004
Reference
PMID:20357764
  Authors
Iwabu M, Yamauchi T, Okada-Iwabu M, Sato K, Nakagawa T, Funata M, Yamaguchi M, Namiki S, Nakayama R, Tabata M, Ogata H, Kubota N, Takamoto I, Hayashi YK, Yamauchi N, Waki H, Fukayama M, Nishino I, Tokuyama K, Ueki K, Oike Y, Ishii S, Hirose K, Shimizu T, Touhara K, Kadowaki T
  Title
Adiponectin and AdipoR1 regulate PGC-1alpha and mitochondria by Ca(2+) and AMPK/SIRT1.
  Journal
Nature 464:1313-9 (2010)
DOI:10.1038/nature08991
Reference
PMID:17307971
  Authors
Towler MC, Hardie DG
  Title
AMP-activated protein kinase in metabolic control and insulin signaling.
  Journal
Circ Res 100:328-41 (2007)
DOI:10.1161/01.RES.0000256090.42690.05
Reference
PMID:23899560
  Authors
Richter EA, Hargreaves M
  Title
Exercise, GLUT4, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 93:993-1017 (2013)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00038.2012
Reference
PMID:16054041
  Authors
Kahn BB, Alquier T, Carling D, Hardie DG
  Title
AMP-activated protein kinase: ancient energy gauge provides clues to modern understanding of metabolism.
  Journal
Cell Metab 1:15-25 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2004.12.003
Reference
PMID:23565491
  Authors
Minokoshi Y, Toda C, Okamoto S
  Title
Regulatory role of leptin in glucose and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Indian J Endocrinol Metab 16:S562-8 (2012)
DOI:10.4103/2230-8210.105573
Reference
PMID:16723978
  Authors
Guggino WB, Stanton BA
  Title
New insights into cystic fibrosis: molecular switches that regulate CFTR.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:426-36 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1949
Reference
PMID:16479585
  Authors
Cheng A, Saltiel AR
  Title
More TORC for the gluconeogenic engine.
  Journal
Bioessays 28:231-4 (2006)
DOI:10.1002/bies.20375
Reference
PMID:19197243
  Authors
Herrero-Martin G, Hoyer-Hansen M, Garcia-Garcia C, Fumarola C, Farkas T, Lopez-Rivas A, Jaattela M
  Title
TAK1 activates AMPK-dependent cytoprotective autophagy in TRAIL-treated epithelial cells.
  Journal
EMBO J 28:677-85 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/emboj.2009.8
Reference
PMID:19724019
  Authors
Morris DL, Rui L
  Title
Recent advances in understanding leptin signaling and leptin resistance.
  Journal
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 297:E1247-59 (2009)
DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00274.2009
Reference
PMID:18725075
  Authors
Minokoshi Y, Shiuchi T, Lee S, Suzuki A, Okamoto S
  Title
Role of hypothalamic AMP-kinase in food intake regulation.
  Journal
Nutrition 24:786-90 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2008.06.002
Reference
PMID:23024365
  Authors
Miyamoto L, Ebihara K, Kusakabe T, Aotani D, Yamamoto-Kataoka S, Sakai T, Aizawa-Abe M, Yamamoto Y, Fujikura J, Hayashi T, Hosoda K, Nakao K
  Title
Leptin activates hepatic 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase through sympathetic nervous system and alpha1-adrenergic receptor: a potential mechanism for improvement of fatty liver in lipodystrophy by leptin.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 287:40441-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M112.384545
Related
pathway
ecb00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
ecb00061  Fatty acid biosynthesis
ecb00500  Starch and sucrose metabolism
ecb01040  Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
ecb04110  Cell cycle
ecb04140  Autophagy - animal
ecb04150  mTOR signaling pathway
ecb04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
ecb04910  Insulin signaling pathway
ecb04920  Adipocytokine signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04152   

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