KEGG   PATHWAY: asao04140
Entry
asao04140                   Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Anolis sagrei ordinatus (Brown anole)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
asao04140  Autophagy - animal
asao04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Anolis sagrei ordinatus (Brown anole) [GN:asao]
Gene
132761878  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
132762556  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
132770665  IRS1; insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
132777483  insulin receptor substrate 1-like [KO:K16172]
132762950  IRS4; insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K07187]
132781035  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 isoform X1 [KO:K07187]
132770694  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
132764817  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
132777499  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
132770492  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
132767034  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
132773868  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
132780959  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
132781891  PDPK1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132761223  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132761597  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132780129  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132771126  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
132771520  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
132777938  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07827]
132775705  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
132773340  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
132774263  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras [KO:K07831]
132778112  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
132779477  ras-related protein R-Ras2-like [KO:K07830]
132770484  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 [KO:K07830]
132769229  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132762408  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
132781741  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
132781607  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
132777818  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
132761341  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
132771152  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
132781932  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
132763552  TSC1; hamartin [KO:K07206]
132771061  BNIP3; BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
132777142  BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3-like [KO:K15464]
132778991  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
132768436  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
132773045  DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein-like [KO:K20402]
132775082  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
132764798  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132777947  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 [KO:K16184]
132781925  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 isoform X1 [KO:K08266]
132773269  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132763369  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132762815  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
132768146  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
132768883  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
132781402  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132763268  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132768122  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
132768306  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
132774821  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
132764559  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A [KO:K17906]
132762759  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
132781570  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 [KO:K17908]
132767755  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 [KO:K17908]
132767800  WDR45; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
132768502  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 [KO:K22991]
132773673  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
132779097  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
132767961  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
132782107  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
132767056  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 [KO:K23610]
132767488  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange factor C9orf72 homolog [KO:K23609]
132780952  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
132762959  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
132768938  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
132776194  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
132776297  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator [KO:K12650]
132765686  ras-related protein ORAB-1-like [KO:K07874]
132780650  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A [KO:K07874]
132781328  ras-related protein ORAB-1-like [KO:K07874]
132762907  ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
132760794  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D [KO:K16186]
132780342  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
132780931  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132766947  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
132773975  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
132774078  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
132768719  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
132769200  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
132771385  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
132777024  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
132768923  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
132774529  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
132772984  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
132764441  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
132778383  BECN1; beclin-1 [KO:K08334]
132771212  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
132778636  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132766840  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
132761045  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
132768158  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
132768609  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
132773233  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
132763366  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 [KO:K21248]
132775161  STX17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
132772294  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
132774108  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
132770381  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
132781638  CAMKK2; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K07359] [EC:2.7.11.17]
132760802  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
132781544  ERN2; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE2 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
132767790  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
132769383  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
132781755  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132767306  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132764295  death-associated protein kinase 2-like [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132772108  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
132778425  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132765890  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
132767498  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
132781754  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
132763421  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
132769481  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
132766919  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
132767222  ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
132760832  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
132770799  ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 isoform X1 [KO:K17890]
132772334  ATG16L2; protein Atg16l2 [KO:K20868]
132769220  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
132767117  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
132772051  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 [KO:K08343]
132779618  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator [KO:K04724]
132776844  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
132775688  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
132782913  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
132782928  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
132777541  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
132767967  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
132766588  microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C-like [KO:K10435]
132783353  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
132773234  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
132762090  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
132770724  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
132767993  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
132774002  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
132762951  ATG4A; cysteine protease ATG4A isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
132778369  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
132776508  optineurin-like isoform X1 [KO:K19946]
132777217  optineurin-like [KO:K19946]
132778169  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K21348]
132778731  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
132777026  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
132771197  ubiquitin [KO:K02927]
132781130  UBA52; ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eL40 fusion protein [KO:K02927]
132781369  ubiquitin isoform X1 [KO:K02927]
132765373  ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein-like [KO:K02977]
132761584  RPS27A; ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein [KO:K02977]
132779784  UBB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: polyubiquitin-B [KO:K04551]
132763404  UBC; polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
132781621  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
132782609  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08512]
132782662  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
132760977  STX7; syntaxin-7 [KO:K08488]
132766845  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog [KO:K23883]
132778356  PLEKHM1; pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K23282]
132782732  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
132777115  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
132766234  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
132781655  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A [KO:K20182]
132766537  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
132778547  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
132761271  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
132776827  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
132779000  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 [KO:K26797]
132769312  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
132767843  ras-related protein Rab-7a-like [KO:K07897]
132773614  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
132771522  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
132763062  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
132771108  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
132777955  cathepsin D-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
132767303  CTSL; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
132781038  procathepsin L-like isoform X1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
132761610  CTSB; cathepsin B [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
asao04010  MAPK signaling pathway
asao04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
asao04142  Lysosome
asao04150  mTOR signaling pathway
asao04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   
LinkDB

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