KEGG   PATHWAY: tfn04140
Entry
tfn04140                    Pathway                                
Name
Autophagy - animal - Trachypithecus francoisi (Francois's langur)
Description
Autophagy (or macroautophagy) is a cellular catabolic pathway involving in protein degradation, organelle turnover, and non-selective breakdown of cytoplasmic components, which is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes and exquisitely regulated. This progress initiates with production of the autophagosome, a double-membrane intracellular structure of reticular origin that engulfs cytoplasmic contents and ultimately fuses with lysosomes for cargo degradation. Autophagy is regulated in response to extra- or intracellular stress and signals such as starvation, growth factor deprivation and ER stress. Constitutive level of autophagy plays an important role in cellular homeostasis and maintains quality control of essential cellular components.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
Pathway map
tfn04140  Autophagy - animal
tfn04140

Other DBs
GO: 0006914
Organism
Trachypithecus francoisi (Francois's langur) [GN:tfn]
Gene
117062139  VAMP8; vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 [KO:K08512]
117062173  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117062294  RPS27A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-40S ribosomal protein S27a [KO:K02977]
117062495  BIRC6; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10586] [EC:2.3.2.23]
117063061  [KO:K07874]
117063473  LAMP1; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 [KO:K06528]
117063489  CTSB; cathepsin B isoform X1 [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
117063516  IRS2; insulin receptor substrate 2 [KO:K07187]
117063947  EPG5; ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23883]
117063959  PIK3C3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
117064347  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 isoform X1 [KO:K14381]
117064961  ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10 [KO:K17888]
117065053  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
117065206  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
117065292  WDR41; WD repeat-containing protein 41 isoform X1 [KO:K23610]
117065429  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117065862  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
117065995  ATG12; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 [KO:K08336]
117066392  WDR45B; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22991]
117066421  UBB; polyubiquitin-B isoform X1 [KO:K04551]
117066804  RPTOR; regulatory-associated protein of mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07204]
117066849  [KO:K23282]
117066850  [KO:K23282]
117066918  NBR1; next to BRCA1 gene 1 protein isoform X1 [KO:K17987]
117066937  BECN1; beclin-1 isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
117067175  CALCOCO2; calcium-binding and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K21348]
117067303  MTMR4; myotubularin-related protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
117067324  VMP1; vacuole membrane protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21248]
117067326  RPS6KB1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117067378  WIPI1; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
117067424  ERN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 isoform X1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
117067806  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
117068546  VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16 homolog [KO:K20180]
117068616  BCL2L1; bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
117068677  MAP1LC3A; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A [KO:K10435]
117068678  TP53INP2; tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21247]
117069366  ZFYVE1; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17603]
117069444  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
117069504  HIF1A; hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha isoform X1 [KO:K08268]
117069604  ATG14; beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator [KO:K17889]
117070145  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
117070473  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
117070501  ULK2; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK2 isoform X1 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117070531  DAPK2; death-associated protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117070812  VPS39; vam6/Vps39-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K20183]
117070814  [KO:K20181]
117070819  VPS18; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 homolog [KO:K20181]
117070879  EIF2AK4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117071286  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117071444  ATG2B; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog B isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
117071533  [KO:K08341]
117072046  TAX1BP1; tax1-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21347]
117072601  ATG9B; autophagy-related protein 9B isoform X1 [KO:K17907]
117072719  WIPI2; WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17908]
117072764  [KO:K08341]
117073157  VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20184]
117073300  YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6 [KO:K08516]
117073572  RHEB; GTP-binding protein Rheb [KO:K07208]
117073575  [KO:K08770]
117073735  TSC1; hamartin isoform X1 [KO:K07206]
117074072  [KO:K21245]
117074079  [KO:K21245]
117074192  [KO:K02977]
117074335  BECN2; beclin-2 [KO:K08334]
117074523  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117074634  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
117074641  SMCR8; guanine nucleotide exchange protein SMCR8 [KO:K23611]
117074866  RAB8A; ras-related protein Rab-8A [KO:K07901]
117074938  RAB7B; ras-related protein Rab-7b [KO:K07898]
117074955  MAP1LC3C; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3C [KO:K10435]
117075022  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
117075779  DAPK3; death-associated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117075959  UBA52; ubiquitin-60S ribosomal protein L40 [KO:K02927]
117076307  STK11; serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 isoform X1 [KO:K07298] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117076331  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117076394  ATG4D; cysteine protease ATG4D isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117076490  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
117077254  IGBP1; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17606]
117077554  RRAGB; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ras-related GTP-binding protein B [KO:K16185]
117077563  IRS4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 4 [KO:K17446]
117077946  RAB39B; ras-related protein Rab-39B [KO:K07925]
117078258  LAMP2; lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K06528]
117078282  WDR45; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 4 [KO:K22991]
117078316  ATG4A; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cysteine protease ATG4A [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117078964  DEPTOR; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402]
117079590  [KO:K02927]
117079600  RB1CC1; RB1-inducible coiled-coil protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17589]
117079812  ATG2A; autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
117079889  AMBRA1; activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K17985]
117080171  ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13 isoform X1 [KO:K08331]
117080232  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
117080241  RPS6KB2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04688] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117080264  [KO:K02977]
117080402  VPS11; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20179]
117080612  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
117080750  ATG16L2; autophagy-related protein 16-2 isoform X1 [KO:K20868]
117081110  UVRAG; UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein isoform X1 [KO:K21249]
117081143  INS; insulin [KO:K04526]
117081391  CTSD; cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
117081560  RRAS2; ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform X1 [KO:K07830]
117081688  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
117081965  OPTN; optineurin [KO:K19946]
117082015  DDIT4; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270]
117082027  PRAP1; proline-rich acidic protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K21250]
117082132  NRBF2; nuclear receptor-binding factor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K21246]
117082371  [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
117082566  BNIP3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 [KO:K15464]
117082864  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117082866  PRKCQ; protein kinase C theta type isoform X1 [KO:K18052] [EC:2.7.11.13]
117082999  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type isoform X1 [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
117083173  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04958]
117083208  MTMR14; myotubularin-related protein 14 isoform X1 [KO:K18086] [EC:3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
117083256  ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 isoform X1 [KO:K08337]
117083269  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117083336  RAB7A; ras-related protein Rab-7a [KO:K07897]
117083441  [KO:K17606]
117083525  ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform X1 [KO:K08343]
117083761  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117083793  [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117083904  GORASP1; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26797]
117083944  [KO:K23282]
117084122  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117084132  MRAS; ras-related protein M-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07831]
117084196  PIK3R4; phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117084479  [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117084487  RUBCN; run domain Beclin-1-interacting and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein isoform X1 [KO:K19330]
117085285  [KO:K10802]
117085362  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117085368  WDFY3; WD repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K22262]
117085673  [KO:K02927]
117085928  RAB33B; ras-related protein Rab-33B [KO:K07920]
117086074  PTEN; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform X1 [KO:K01110] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48 3.1.3.67]
117087606  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117087768  [KO:K02977]
117087918  [KO:K23282]
117088066  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
117088075  [KO:K02927]
117088175  MAP1LC3B; microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B [KO:K10435]
117088318  [KO:K20181]
117089166  ULK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 isoform X1 [KO:K21357] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117089196  UBC; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: polyubiquitin-C [KO:K08770]
117089252  VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A isoform X1 [KO:K20182]
117089816  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
117090099  ATG101; autophagy-related protein 101 [KO:K19730]
117090562  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08341]
117090963  MAP1LC3B2; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3 beta 2 [KO:K10435]
117091587  RRAS; ras-related protein R-Ras isoform X1 [KO:K07829]
117091606  AKT1S1; proline-rich AKT1 substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K16184]
117091956  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117091972  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
117092011  ATG4C; cysteine protease ATG4C isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117092158  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117092202  SH3GLB1; endophilin-B1 isoform X1 [KO:K11248]
117092662  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
117092832  RRAGC; ras-related GTP-binding protein C [KO:K16186]
117093322  MTOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform X1 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117093348  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
117094266  ATG4B; cysteine protease ATG4B isoform X1 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
117094439  IRS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: insulin receptor substrate 1 [KO:K16172]
117094492  ATG9A; autophagy-related protein 9A [KO:K17907]
117094544  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
117094872  GORASP2; Golgi reassembly-stacking protein 2 [KO:K26797]
117094951  TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator isoform X1 [KO:K12650]
117095054  [KO:K17606]
117095224  CFLAR; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
117095310  [KO:K10802]
117096166  MTMR3; myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18082] [EC:3.1.3.48 3.1.3.64 3.1.3.95]
117096627  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
117096638  SNAP29; synaptosomal-associated protein 29 [KO:K08509]
117097077  RRAGD; ras-related GTP-binding protein D isoform X1 [KO:K16186]
117097099  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
117097149  ATG5; autophagy protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08339]
117097185  SUPT20H; transcription factor SPT20 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K21245]
117097444  [KO:K10802]
117097518  STX7; syntaxin-7 isoform X1 [KO:K08488]
117097800  HMGB1; high mobility group protein B1 [KO:K10802]
117097801  MLST8; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8 [KO:K08266]
117097810  TSC2; tuberin isoform X1 [KO:K07207]
117098393  CTSL; cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
117098396  DAPK1; death-associated protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08803] [EC:2.7.11.1]
117098498  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
117098612  RRAGA; ras-related GTP-binding protein A [KO:K16185]
117098690  C9orf72; guanine nucleotide exchange C9orf72 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K23609]
117098920  STX17; syntaxin-17 [KO:K08491]
117099658  [KO:K02977]
117099723  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
117099747  RAB1A; ras-related protein Rab-1A isoform X1 [KO:K07874]
Compound
C00035  GDP
C00044  GTP
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15325584
  Authors
Meijer AJ, Codogno P.
  Title
Regulation and role of autophagy in mammalian cells.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2445-62 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.02.002
Reference
PMID:16099218
  Authors
Deretic V.
  Title
Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity.
  Journal
Trends Immunol 26:523-8 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2005.08.003
Reference
PMID:16200202
  Authors
Levine B, Yuan J.
  Title
Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
  Journal
J Clin Invest 115:2679-88 (2005)
DOI:10.1172/JCI26390
Reference
PMID:15325588
  Authors
Tanida I, Ueno T, Kominami E.
  Title
LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 36:2503-18 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009
Reference
PMID:15928708
  Authors
Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
  Title
Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 6:439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1660
Reference
PMID:15978794
  Authors
Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
  Title
Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 17:415-22 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2005.06.007
Reference
PMID:11099404
  Authors
Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
  Title
Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
  Journal
Science 290:1717-21 (2000)
DOI:10.1126/science.290.5497.1717
Reference
PMID:16125113
  Authors
Bechet D, Tassa A, Taillandier D, Combaret L, Attaix D.
  Title
Lysosomal proteolysis in skeletal muscle.
  Journal
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 37:2098-114 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2005.02.029
Reference
PMID:19653858
  Authors
He C, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 43:67-93 (2009)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-genet-102808-114910
Reference
PMID:19802558
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 335:1-32 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-00302-8_1
Reference
PMID:20034776
  Authors
Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
  Title
Mammalian autophagy: core molecular machinery and signaling regulation.
  Journal
Curr Opin Cell Biol 22:124-31 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.014
Reference
PMID:21187343
  Authors
Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
  Title
The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 124:161-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.064576
Reference
PMID:21801009
  Authors
Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
  Title
The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
  Journal
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 27:107-32 (2011)
DOI:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154005
Reference
PMID:24343578
  Authors
Russell RC, Yuan HX, Guan KL
  Title
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling.
  Journal
Cell Res 24:42-57 (2014)
DOI:10.1038/cr.2013.166
Reference
PMID:25948417
  Authors
Noda NN, Fujioka Y
  Title
Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 72:3083-96 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-015-1917-z
Related
pathway
tfn04010  MAPK signaling pathway
tfn04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
tfn04142  Lysosome
tfn04150  mTOR signaling pathway
tfn04152  AMPK signaling pathway
tfn04910  Insulin signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04140   

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